12095325.ppt
- 1. Tools and Equipment Used in Landscaping
- 2. Hand Tools • Are just as important as power tools • Should be used for their designed purposes • Buy good quality hand tools
- 3. Hand Tools
- 4. Shovels, Spades & Scoops • Versatile tools used for digging & scooping • Shovels have long handles & are round- or square-pointed • Spades have longer blades • Scoops are flat with high sides
- 5. Shovels, Spades & Scoops
- 6. Hoes • Garden hoe: Only the bottom edge of the blade is sharpened • Weeding hoe: Has two sharp prongs on top of the blade
- 7. Hoes (cont’d.) • Grubbing hoe: Has two narrow, sharpened, flat ends
- 8. Forks • Pitchfork: Used to move coarse, lightweight materials • Spading Fork: Effective in breaking up soil clods
- 9. Rakes • Metal bow rake: Used for heavy duty raking Lawn rake: Used for clippings, leaves, & other light debris
- 10. Pruners • Anvil pruner: Top blade is sharp & cuts against an anvil-shaped bottom blade • Bypass pruner: Cuts in a scissor-like manner with two cutting blades
- 11. Shears • Lopping shears: Used to prune larger limbs, has 2 smaller blades with long handles • Hedge shears: Used to prune & shape hedges; has 2 scissor-like blades
- 12. Knives • Multi-purpose knife: Has a smooth but sharp cutting edge • Pruning knife: Have a curved blade, used to remove small stems
- 13. Pruning Saws • Bow saw: Prunes medium-sized branches • Curved blade saw: Prunes large branches
- 14. Pole Pruner • Used to remove tree branches that cannot safely be reached from the ground • Operator pulls on a rope to cut Video
- 15. Seed/Fertilizer Spreaders • Three types: – Hand Crank Spreaders – Broadcast Spreaders – Drop Spreaders
- 16. Hand Crank Spreaders • Used for small areas • The hopper contains seed or fertilizer that is broadcast by turning the hand crank Video
- 17. Broadcast Spreaders • Have wheel-driven gears that turn a propeller to spread seed or fertilizer
- 18. Drop Spreaders • Have wheel-driven gears • One wheel drives the roller than pushes the seeds or fertilizers through the hopper’s bottom • Video
- 19. Sprayers • Used to apply pesticides & fertilizer solutions • Hand held sprayers use compressed air to spray solutions
- 20. Carts & Wheelbarrows • Lawn/Utility Carts are ideal carriers for equipment & materials • Wheelbarrows carry soil, mulch, or rocks
- 21. Specialty Tools • Grass shears: Used to trip grass in areas inaccessible to a mower • Weed cutter: Cuts weeds & grasses in uncultivated areas
- 22. Specialty Tools (cont’d.) • Trowel: Used to dig & mix soil & plant bulbs • Weeder: Cuts roots of weeds below the soil surface • Cultivator: Has 3-4 tines used to break up hard soil around plants
- 23. Other Shop Tools • Chisels • Files • Hammers • Pliers • Screwdrivers • Wrenches
- 24. Maintaining & Storing Hand Tools • Clean tools to remove soil & other debris • Check tools for bent or dull blades • Check tools for broken handles • Replace broken equipment • Store tools indoors
- 25. Small Power Tools • Essential to increase work efficiency • Two categories: – Electric Motor Powered Tools – Gasoline Engine Powered Tools
- 26. Electric Motor Powered Tools • Power is supplied by an electric current • Two types: – Direct-drive powered – Pulley-drive powered
- 27. Direct-drive Powered • Power is applied directly to the power head • Example: – Hedge shears
- 28. Pulley-drive Powered • Power is applied directly to a drive pulley which is connected to the power head by a belt or chain • Examples: – Edgers – Mower decks
- 29. Gasoline Engine Powered Tools • Power is supplied by an internal combustion engine • Two types: – 2-cycle engines – 4-cycle engines Video
- 30. 2-Cycle Engines • The intake, compression, power, & exhaust cycles are completed in two strokes • Equipment examples: – Trimmer/Weeder – Leaf Blower – Chain Saw Two Stroke Animation
- 31. 4-Cycle Engines • Completes intake, compression, power, & exhaust cycles in four strokes • Equipment examples: – Lawn mowers – Rototiller – Grass edger – Aerators Four Stroke Animation
- 32. Before Using Power Equipment: • Inspect the equipment to see if it is mechanically safe to start • Check the area in which the tool will be used for hazards • Review steps to starting, using & stopping equipment • Warn others around when you are about to begin work
- 33. Maintaining & Storing Small Power Tools • Use basic maintenance & storage procedures • See operation manual for each type of equipment
- 34. Maintaining & Storing Small Power Tools (cont’d.) • Clean equipment of dirt & debris after each use • Clean off any moisture on the exterior of the equipment • Store in clean & dry cabinets • Do not wrap power cords around equipment
- 35. Large Power Equipment • Greatly increase the efficiency of work • Examples: – Cutting Equipment – Soil Digging Equipment – Soil Moving Equipment – Tillage Equipment – Tractors – Transport Equipment
- 36. Cutting Equipment • Used to cut materials into small pieces & maintain grasses • Examples: – Grinders – Mowers – Shredders
- 37. Soil Digging Equipment • Examples: – Backhoes – Posthole Augers – Trenchers
- 38. Soil Moving Equipment • Dozers • Dump Trucks • Front-end loaders • Graders
- 39. Tillage Equipment • Used to prepare seedbeds, to aerate soils, & to free soil of weeds • Examples: Cultivator & Rototiller
- 40. Tractors • Often used to operate other types of equipment • Uses: – Mowing – Towing – Tilling – Raking
- 41. Transport Equipment • Used to move materials from one place to another • Examples: – Trucks – Forklifts – Trailers – Tree spades
- 42. Maintaining & Storing Large Power Equipment • Check equipment systems regularly to keep them in proper working order • Should be stored in a safe & protected manner to prevent injury & malfunctioning
- 43. References: • Biondo, Ronald J. and Charles B. Schroeder. Introduction to Landscaping Design, Construction, and Maintenance. (2003). Interstate Publishers, Inc.: Danville, IL. • Ingels, Jack E. Ornamental Horticulture: Principles & Practices. (1985). Delmar Publishers Inc.: Albany, New York. • Introduction to Ornamental Horticulture. (1986). Catalog No. 115B. Instructional Materials Service: College Station, Texas. • Ornamental Horticulture. (1982). Department of Vocational Agriculture and Renewable Natural Resources Education and Washington State Commission for Vocational Education: Olympia, Washington. • Richardson, William B. and Gary E. Moore. Working in Horticulture. (1980). McGraw-Hill, Inc., Dallas, Texas.