17 ruby date time
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This document discusses working with dates and times in Ruby. It provides examples of getting the current date and time, extracting components of dates and times like year, month, day, and formatting dates and times in different formats. It also covers time arithmetic, timezones, and daylight savings time.
![Time.utc, Time.gm and Time.local Functions:
These two functions can be used to format date in standard format as follows:
# July 8, 2008
Time.local(2008, 7, 8)
# July 8, 2008, 09:10am, local time
Time.local(2008, 7, 8, 9, 10)
# July 8, 2008, 09:10 UTC
Time.utc(2008, 7, 8, 9, 10)
# July 8, 2008, 09:10:11 GMT (same as UTC)
Time.gm(2008, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
Following is the example to get all components in an array in the following format:
[sec,min,hour,day,month,year,wday,yday,isdst,zone]
Try the following:
#!/usr/bin/ruby -w
time = Time.new
values = time.to_a
p values
This will generate following result:
[26, 10, 12, 2, 6, 2008, 1, 154, false, "MST"]
This array could be passed to Time.utc or Time.local functions to get different format of dates as follows:
#!/usr/bin/ruby -w
time = Time.new
values = time.to_a
puts Time.utc(*values)
This will generate following result:
Mon Jun 02 12:15:36 UTC 2008
Followin is the way to get time represented internally as seconds since the (platform-dependent) epoch:
# Returns number of seconds since epoch
time = Time.now.to_i
# Convert number of seconds into Time object.
Time.at(time)
# Returns second since epoch which includes microseconds
time = Time.now.to_f
Timezones and daylight savings time:
You can use a Time object to get all the information related to Timezones and daylight savings as follows:
time = Time.new
# Here is the interpretation](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/17rubydatetime-130204175543-phpapp01/85/17-ruby-date-time-2-320.jpg)
17 ruby date time
- 1. DATE AND TIME IN RUBY http://www.tutorialspoint.com/ruby/ruby_date_time.htm Copyright © tutorialspoint.com The Time class represents dates and times in Ruby. It is a thin layer over the system date and time functionality provided by the operating system. This class may be unable on your system to represent dates before 1970 or after 2038. This tutorial will make you familiar with all the most wanted concepts of date and time. Getting Current Date and Time: Following is the simple example to get current date and time: #!/usr/bin/ruby -w time1 = Time.new puts "Current Time : " + time1.inspect # Time.now is a synonym: time2 = Time.now puts "Current Time : " + time2.inspect This will produce following result: Current Time : Mon Jun 02 12:02:39 -0700 2008 Current Time : Mon Jun 02 12:02:39 -0700 2008 Getting components of a Date & Time: We can use Time object to get various components of date and time. Following is the example showing the same: #!/usr/bin/ruby -w time = Time.new # Components of a Time puts "Current Time : " + time.inspect puts time.year # => Year of the date puts time.month # => Month of the date (1 to 12) puts time.day # => Day of the date (1 to 31 ) puts time.wday # => 0: Day of week: 0 is Sunday puts time.yday # => 365: Day of year puts time.hour # => 23: 24-hour clock puts time.min # => 59 puts time.sec # => 59 puts time.usec # => 999999: microseconds puts time.zone # => "UTC": timezone name This will produce following result: Current Time : Mon Jun 02 12:03:08 -0700 2008 2008 6 2 1 154 12 3 8 247476 UTC
- 2. Time.utc, Time.gm and Time.local Functions: These two functions can be used to format date in standard format as follows: # July 8, 2008 Time.local(2008, 7, 8) # July 8, 2008, 09:10am, local time Time.local(2008, 7, 8, 9, 10) # July 8, 2008, 09:10 UTC Time.utc(2008, 7, 8, 9, 10) # July 8, 2008, 09:10:11 GMT (same as UTC) Time.gm(2008, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) Following is the example to get all components in an array in the following format: [sec,min,hour,day,month,year,wday,yday,isdst,zone] Try the following: #!/usr/bin/ruby -w time = Time.new values = time.to_a p values This will generate following result: [26, 10, 12, 2, 6, 2008, 1, 154, false, "MST"] This array could be passed to Time.utc or Time.local functions to get different format of dates as follows: #!/usr/bin/ruby -w time = Time.new values = time.to_a puts Time.utc(*values) This will generate following result: Mon Jun 02 12:15:36 UTC 2008 Followin is the way to get time represented internally as seconds since the (platform-dependent) epoch: # Returns number of seconds since epoch time = Time.now.to_i # Convert number of seconds into Time object. Time.at(time) # Returns second since epoch which includes microseconds time = Time.now.to_f Timezones and daylight savings time: You can use a Time object to get all the information related to Timezones and daylight savings as follows: time = Time.new # Here is the interpretation
- 3. time.zone # => "UTC": return the timezone time.utc_offset # => 0: UTC is 0 seconds offset from UTC time.zone # => "PST" (or whatever your timezone is) time.isdst # => false: If UTC does not have DST. time.utc? # => true: if t is in UTC time zone time.localtime # Convert to local timezone. time.gmtime # Convert back to UTC. time.getlocal # Return a new Time object in local zone time.getutc # Return a new Time object in UTC Formatting Times and Dates: There are various ways to format date and time. Here is one example showing few: #!/usr/bin/ruby -w time = Time.new puts time.to_s puts time.ctime puts time.localtime puts time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") This will produce following result: Mon Jun 02 12:35:19 -0700 2008 Mon Jun 2 12:35:19 2008 Mon Jun 02 12:35:19 -0700 2008 2008-06-02 12:35:19 Time Formatting Directives: These directives in the following table are used with the method Time.strftime. Directive Description %a The abbreviated weekday name (Sun). %A The full weekday name (Sunday). %b The abbreviated month name (Jan). %B The full month name (January). %c The preferred local date and time representation. %d Day of the month (01 to 31). %H Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00 to 23). %I Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01 to 12). %j Day of the year (001 to 366). %m Month of the year (01 to 12). %M Minute of the hour (00 to 59). %p Meridian indicator (AM or PM). %S Second of the minute (00 to 60).
- 4. %U Week number of the current year, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of the first week (00 to 53). %W Week number of the current year, starting with the first Monday as the first day of the first week (00 to 53). %w Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0 to 6). %x Preferred representation for the date alone, no time. %X Preferred representation for the time alone, no date. %y Year without a century (00 to 99). %Y Year with century. %Z Time zone name. %% Literal % character. Time arithmetic: You can do simple arithmetic with time as follows: now = Time.now # Current time past = now - 10 # 10 seconds ago. Time - number => Time future = now + 10 # 10 seconds from now Time + number => Time future - now # => 10 Time - Time => number of seconds