3. 近來 PCOS 是指女性有超音波多囊性卵巢的變化 ( enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts , 2-8 mm in diameter around an echodense thickened central stroma) 及症狀 ( oligomenorrhea, obesity and hyperandrogenism ) PCOS 並不只是卵巢的疾病 .adrenal hyperactivity, abnormal pituitary hormone secretion, and changes in hepatic and adipose tissue functions 也與 PCOS 有關 .
4. Ultrasound Transvaginal ultrasound 經常用來診斷 PCOS, 因為比腹腔鏡的侵入性來得低 Ultrasound criteria: ---increased ovarian area/volume ---10-15 microcyst(<10 mm diameter) organized in a peripheral rosary pattern. ---increased echogenicity of ovarian stroma.