2 d autocad_2009

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

AutoCAD 2009
2D Training Manual
®

Written by Kristen S. Kurland

C

o

p

y

r

i

g

h

t

©

AutoCAD is a registered trademark of Autodesk, Inc.

2

0

0

8

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 1
Introduction

-2-

1.1 Launching AutoCAD
1.

Choose

Start from the Windows program manager.

2.

Choose

Programs, Autodesk ,AutoCAD 2009.

3.

Click

the AutoCAD 2009 for Windows icon.

1.2 Text and Graphics Screens
The graphics screen and the text screen are two different screens available
in the drawing editor.

1.

Press

Function key F2 on the keyboard.

TIPS:
The Cursor must be in the drawing window in order to select objects.
Maximize the AutoCAD windows to be full screen. This will make the
drawings bigger and easier to read.
Use ALT + TAB to move between Windows applications.

1.3 Cursor
Controls the size of the crosshair. The allowable range is from 1 to 100
percent of the total screen. At 100% the ends of the crosshair are never
visible. When the size is decreased to 99% or below, the crosshairs
have a finite size, and the crosshairs’ ends are visible when moved to
the edge of the graphics area. The default size is 5%.

1.

Choose Tools, Options…

2.

Click the Display TAB.

3.

Drag the slider bar in under crosshair size to set the cursor size.

1.4 Canceling a Command
1.

Press the ESCAPE (ESC) key on the keyboard.

TIP: Pressing ESC twice clears nested commands.

1.5 Menus and Colors
Menu Browser
1.

Click on the A icon in the upper left corner of the drawing area.

2.

Click the desired pulldown menu.

3.

Click on the command to be executed from the pulldown.

Quick Access Toolbar
1.

Click on one of the following icons for quick access to commands
QNEW, OPEN, SAVE, PLOT, and UNDO/REDO.

.
Right-click the Quick Access toolbar and click Customize Quick
Access Toolbar. The Customize User Interface dialog opens and
displays the list of commands available.

Drag commands you want to add from the command list pane in the
Customize User Interface dialog box to the Quick Access toolbar.

Info Center
Quickly search for a variety of information sources, access product updates
and announcements, and save topics with InfoCenter.

Ribbon
The ribbon provides a single, compact placement for operations that are relevant
to the current workspace. It eliminates the need to display multiple toolbars,
reducing clutter in the application window. The ribbon maximizes the area
available for work using a single compact interface.
The ribbon can be displayed horizontally, vertically, or as a floating palette. The
horizontal ribbon is displayed at the top of the drawing window by default when
you create or open a drawing.
You can create your own panels to display on the ribbon; you can also modify
the commands and controls on existing ribbon panels.

1.6 Workspaces
You can switch between the workspaces from the menu browser.
1. Click the Workspace switching icon in the lower left corner of the screen.

2. Click on one of the following workspace options

AutoCAD classic workspace

1.7 AutoCAD ClassicToolbars
Toolbars can be docked on the screen or they can float about the screen.

To Float a Toolbar:
1.

Choose the gray border surrounding each tool.

2.

Drag the toolbar to any area on the screen.

To Dock a Toolbar:
1.

Choose the title or gray border of the toolbar.

2.

Drag the toolbar to the top, bottom, left, or right area of the
graphics display.

Docked
Toolbars
Floating
Toolbars

TIP:
-Holding the CTRL key while dragging will prevent docking.

Loading Toolbars
Right-clicking on an icon in any toolbar

This will show a list of all available toolbars.

Help Tooltips
1.

Move the mouse to the toolbar but do not pick the button.

1.8 Status Bar and Command Prompt
The Status Bar is the area below the command line that shows messages
as well as coordinates, modes, and the current time.

To activate SNAP, GRID, ORTHO, OSNAP, MSPACE, PSPACE, and TILE,
you must double-click on the mode to change.

Status Bar

TIP:
• Right click on the blank area of the status bar to see the tools to turn
off/on.

1.9 Typing Commands
Typing a Command
All AutoCAD commands can be typed in at the command line. Many
commands also have one or two letter aliases that can also be typed as
shortcuts to the commands.
1.

Type the desired command at the command prompt.
Command : LINE
or

2.

Type the command’s alias.
Command: L

3.

Press ENTER.

4.

Type an option at the command prompt.

TIP:Many AutoCAD commands require you to press ENTER to complete
the command. You know you are no longer in an AutoCAD command when
you see a blank command line.

Reissuing the Last Command
The last used AutoCAD command can be re-entered by one of the following
three methods of ENTER. The ENTER key on the keyboard will always act
as ENTER, the SPACEBAR and RIGHT MOUSE will act as enter most of
the time (exceptions include placing TEXT).

1.

Press the ENTER key on the keyboard
or

2.

Press the Space bar on the keyboard.
or

3.

Click the right mouse button.

1.10 Pointing Device (Mouse)
AutoCAD uses either a mouse or digitizing tablet to select objects in a
zing
drawing.

Left Mouse Button
Used to pick or select objects
1.

Click the left mouse button to select an object area in the
drawing.

2.

Press ESC twice to deselect an object (or to cancel a
command).

Right Mouse Button
Used to enter a command, repeat last command, or access shortcut menus.

1.

Click the right mouse button.

LEFT
RIGHT
MOUSE MOUSE

TIPS:
• SHIFT + the right mouse button brings up the object snap menus.
• Various screen locations for the mouse brings up different menus.

1.11 Undo and Redo
Reverses the last action.
1.

Choose Edit, Undo.
or

2.

Click the Undo icon.
or

3.

Press CTRL + Z.

4.

Type U at the command prompt to undo the last command.
Command: U

Redo
Reverses the effects of a single UNDO or U command.
1.

Choose Edit, Redo.
or

2.

Click the Redo icon.
or

3.

Type REDO at the command prompt to redo the last undo command.
Command: REDO

TIPS:
-UNDO has no effect on some commands and system variables, including
those that open, close, or save a window or a drawing, display information,
change the graphics display, regenerate the drawing, or export the drawing
in a different format.

-REDO must immediately follow the U or UNDO command.

1.12 Function Keys and Accelerator Keys

1.13 On-Line Help

1.

Choose Help, AutoCAD Help.
or

2.

Click the Help icon.
or

3.

Type HELP at the command prompt
Command: HELP
or

4.

Press Function Key F1

Chapter 2
Introduction to Commands

2.1 Open Existing Drawings
1.

Choose

File, OPEN.
or

2.

Press

CTRL + O.
or

3.

Click

the OPEN icon.
or

4.

Type

OPEN at the command prompt.
Command: OPEN

5.

Press

ENTER

6.

Double Click

the desired directory to find the drawing to
open.

7.

Click

the drawing name to open.

8.

Click

The OK button.

TIP:
-Preview shows a bitmap image of the drawing selected. This image is the
view that was last saved in the drawing. It will not show a preview of
drawings saved before R13 AutoCAD.

2.2 Creating a New Drawing
NEW Command
Creates a new drawing file.
1.

Choose

File, New.
or

2.

Press

CTRL + N
or

3.

Click

the New icon.
or

4.

Type

NEW at the Command prompt.
Command: NEW

5.

Choose

One of the options for creating a new drawing.

6.

Click

The OK button.

7.

Save

the drawing as another name.

TIP:
New drawings can also be created from Template Files.

2.3 Saving Drawings
Saves the most recent changes to a drawing. The first time an unnamed
drawing is saved the “Save As” dialog box appears. AutoCAD saves its
drawings as files with extensions ending in .DWG.
1.

Choose

File, Save or Saveas.
or

2.

Type

SAVE or SAVEAS at the command prompt.
Command: SAVE or SAVEAS

3.

Press

ENTER

4.

Type

A new drawing name or keep the existing drawing
name.

5.

Click

The OK button.

Various file types
the drawings
can be saved as

TIP:
Clicking the dropdown list for File type changes the format that the drawing
can be saved in.

Quick Save
The QSAVE command is equivalent to clicking Save on the File menu.
If the drawing is named, AutoCAD saves the drawing using the file format
specified on the Open and Save tab of the Options dialog box and does not
request a file name. If the drawing is unnamed, AutoCAD displays the Save
Drawing As dialog box (see SAVEAS) and saves the drawing with the file
name and format you specify.
1.

Press

CTRL + S.
or

2.

Click

the Save icon.
or

3.

Type

QSAVE at the command prompt,
Command:QSAVE

TIPS:
Drawings can be saved as different versions of AutoCAD (e.g. R13, R14, R
2000, etc.)

AutoSave settings under Tools, Options…

2.4 File Safety Precautions
Autosave
AutoCAD automatically saves information in .SV$ files; however, users
should save their drawings to .DWG files every 10 minutes. A value of zero
(0) disables autosave.

Temporary Files
These files have the extensions .ac$ (temporary drawing file).
After a system failure, if you are on a network, you should not delete
temporary files until you have verified that they are not part of an active
editing session.
Other temporary files may be left in the drawing directory or the temporary
file directory.

AutoSave and SV$ under Tools, Options...., Open and Save

TIP:AutoCAD creates .BAK files that can be renamed to .DWG files.

Security Options
Specifies security settings to be used when your drawing is saved. The
Password option adds a password to a drawing when it is saved.

2.5 Exiting AutoCAD
1.

Choose

File, Exit.
or

2.

Type

QUIT at the command prompt.
Command: QUIT

3.

Press

ENTER

4.

Click

Yes to save changes or No to discard changes.

3.1 Line Command
Creates single straight line segments
1.

Choose

Draw, Line.
or

2.

Click

the Line icon.
or

3.

Type

LINE from the command prompt
Command: LINE or L

4.

Press

ENTER

5.

Pick

From point: (point)

6.

Pick

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:(point)

7.

Pick

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:(point)

8.

Press

ENTER to end line sequence
or

9.

Type

U to undo the last segment
To point: U (undo)
or

10.

Type

C to create a closed polygon
To point : C (close)

TIPS:
• You can continue the previous line or arc by responding to
the From point: prompt with a space or ENTER.
• Choose the right mouse button for the line pop-up menu to
appear while in the line command

3.2 Cartesian Coordinate System
AutoCAD provides the user with an infinite two dimensional area to work
with. Any entities place on the working two dimensional plane can be
defined relative to the Cartesian coordinate system.

The Cartesian coordinate system divides a two dimensional plane with two
perpendicular axis. The X axis runs horizontal across the bottom of the
screen. The Y axis runs vertically along the left side of the screen. These
two axis intersect at the bottom left corner of the screen.

Each of these axis is further divided into segments. Each segment is given a
value. The X axis segments increase in value to the right. The positive X
values are to the right of the intersection of the two axis. The negative X
values are to the left. The positive Y values are above the intersection and
increase up. The negative Y values are below.

Absolute Coordinates
1.

Type

x,y coordinate when AutoCAD asks for a point.
From point: 1,1
To point: 2,1
To point: 2,2
To point: 1,2
To point: 1,1

NOTE: If dynamic input (F12) is on, you must type the # sign before
entering absolute coordinates (e.g.#1,1).

Relative Coordinates
1.

Type

@deltax,deltay when AutoCAD asks for a point.
From point pick point
To point: @1,0
To point: @0,1
To point: @-1,0
To point: @0,-1

Polar Coordinates
1.

Type

@distance<angle when AutoCAD asks for a point.
From point: pick point
To point:@1<0
To point:@1<90
To point:@1<180
To point:@1<270

3.3 Dynamic Input
Dynamic Input provides a command interface near the cursor to help you keep
your focus in the drafting area.
When Dynamic Input is on, tooltips display information near the cursor that is
dynamically updated as the cursor moves. When a command is active, the tooltips
provide a place for user entry.
Turning Dynamic Input ON/OFF
1.

Click Dyn on the status bar
or

2.

Press F12

Tip: Right-click Dyn and click Settings to control what is displayed by each
component when Dynamic Input is on.

3.4 Orthogonal Lines
Controls lines from being drawn at various angles to straight lines. When the
snap grid is rotated, ortho mode rotates accordingly.

1.

Press

Function Key F8.
or

2.

Double Click

ORTHO from the Status Bar.
or

3.

Line drawn
with
ORTHO ON

Press

CTRL + L.

Line drawn
with
ORTHO
OFF

3.5 Polar Tracking
Polar Snaps work independently from snaps. With Polar Snaps on,
AutoCAD shows the distances and angles being displayed as the cursor
moves.
1.

Choose

Tools, Drafting Settings
or

2.

Type

DDSETTINGS at the command prompt.
Command : DDESTTINGS

3.

Choose

the Polar trackingTAB from the dialog box.

4.

Select

the desired incremental angle from the
dropdown list (or create a new angle).

5.

Pick

OK to exit the dialog box.

6.

Draw

a LINE using the Polar Snap references.

3.6 Circles
Circle Command
1.

Choose

Circle, Center Radius

Draw, Circle.
or

2.

Click

the Circle icon.
or

3.

Type

CIRCLE at the command prompt.
Command: CIRCLE

4.

Type

Circle, Center Diameter

One of the following options:
3P/2P/TTR/<<center point>>:
or

5.

Pick

A center point.

6.

Type

A radius or diameter.
or

7.

Pick

A radius or diameter

Circle, Tangent, Tangent Radius

Diameter/<<radius>>:

TIPS:
- To create circles that are the same size, press
ENTER when asked for the circle radius.
- When selecting a circle with a pickbox, be sure
to select the circumference of the circle.

Circle, Tangent, Tangent, Tangent

3.7 Arc Command
1.

Choose

Draw, Arc.
or

2.

Click

the Arc icon.
or

3.

Type

ARC at the command prompt
Command: ARC

4.

Draw

One of the arcs.

TIPS:
-Except for 3 point arcs, arcs are drawn in a COUNTERCLOCKWISE
direction.
- While in the arc command, press the right mouse button to select the
following options for arcs:

Arc Examples
3 point arc

Start ,center, chord length

start, center, end

Start, end, radius

Start , center, included angle

Start, end, direction

Chapter 4
Erase and Selection Sets

4.1 Erase and Selection Sets
Erasing Objects

1.

Choose

Modify, Erase.
or

2.

Click

the Erase icon.
or

3.

Type

ERASE at the command prompt.
Command : ERASE or E

4.

Pick

Object at the select object prompt.
Select objects: (pick object)

5.

Press

ENTER when you are done choosing objects.
Select objects: ENTER

Select
objects with
pickbox

TIP:
• If the cursor is not touching an object, AutoCAD will create a crossing or
window selection as defined on the following pages.

4.2 Selection Set Options
Type one of the following options at the Select objects: prompt: (point)One
object.

ALL

All objects within the drawing are selected
unless they are on frozen or locked layers.

Multiple

Multiple objects selected without high
lighting (faster edits).

Last

Last object.

Previous

All objects in the previous selection-set.

Group

Objects in a named group.

AUto

Automatic BOX (if pick in empty area).

SIngle

One selection (any type).

Add

Add mode: adds following objects to selection-set.

Remove

Remove mode: removes following objects
from selection-set.

Window and Crossing
Window
Objects fully enclosed within Window.

Crossing
Objects within or Crossing a window.

WPolygon
All entities within the boundaries of a
polygon created by inputted points.

CPolygon
All entities within or touching the
boundaries of a polygon created by input.

Fence
Objects that are crossed by a temporary line.

Remove from Selection Set
1.

Press

SHIFT and select entities to remove them from the
selection set.

4.3 OOPS
Reinserts the last erased set of objects or block even if it was not the last
command issued. Otherwise Oops acts like UNDO.

1.

Type

OOPS at the command prompt to reinsert erased
objects
Command: OOPS

4.4 Selection Preview
SELECTIONPREVIEW
Controls the display of selection previewing

Chapter 5
Basic Display Commands

5.1 ZOOM
Increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the current viewport
1.

Choose

View, Zoom.
or

2.

Click

a Zoom icon.
or

3.

Type

ZOOM at the command prompt.
Command: Zoom or Z

4.

Type

One of the following zoom options:

The following are basic zoom options:
All

Places entire drawing (all visible layers) on
display at once. Forces a regeneration.

Extents

Displays current drawing content as large as possible.

Previous

Restores previous view.

Window

Designates rectangular area to be drawn as large as
possible.

Number

Magnification relative to ZOOM All display

Number X

Magnification relative to current display (1X)

Center

Specifies center point and new display height.

Dynamic

Permits you to pan a box representing the viewing
screen around the entire generated portion of the
drawing and enlarge or shrink it.

TIPS:
-While in the ZOOM command, click with the right mouse button to see the
menu to the right.

5.2 PAN
Shifts the location of a view.
1.

Choose

View, Pan.
or

2.

Click

the Pan icon.
or

3.

Type

PAN from the command prompt.
Command: PAN or P

TIPS:
-

While in the PAN command, click with the right mouse button to see the
following menu.

-

Panning can also be done by using the window scroll bars

5.3 Redraw and Regen
Redraw refreshes the current view.

1.

Type

Redraw at the command prompt
Command: Redraw or R

REGEN regenerates the entire drawing and recomputes the screen
coordinates for all objects. It also re-indexes the drawing database for
optimum display and object selection performance.

1.

Type

REGEN at the command prompt.
Command: REGEN or RE

TIP: When BLIPMODE is on, marker blips left by editing commands are
removed from the current viewport

Blips showing

Blips removed after redraw

5.4 Blipmode
Controls the display of marker blips. When Blip mode is on, a temporary
mark in the shape of a plus sign (+) appears where points are specified.
BLIPMODE is off by default.
1.

Type

BLIPMODE at the command prompt.
Command: BLIPMODE

6.1 SNAP Command
1.

Choose

Tools, Drafting Settings...
or

2.

Type

SNAP at the command prompt.
Command: SNAP or SN

3.

Type

One of the following options: Snap
spacing or
[ON/OFF/Aspect/Style/Type]:

Turn Snap On/OFF
1.

Press

Function Key F9 to turn the snap
ON/OFF.
or

2.

Double Click

SNAP on the Status Bar.
or

3.

Press

CTRL + B.

TIP:

Click with the right mouse button on the SNAP
option from the status bar as a shortcut to changing
the snap settings.

6.2 Grid Command
1.

Choose

or

2.

Type

DSETTINGS at the command prompt.
Command : DSETTINGS (DS)
or

3.

Type

GRID at the command prompt.
Command: GRID

4.

Type

Grid spacing(X) or ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect
<0000>:

Turn Grid On/Off
1.

Press

Function Key F7 to turn the grid ON/OFF.
or

2.

Double Click

GRID on the Status Bar.
or

3.

Press

CTRL + G.

7.1 Running Object Snaps
An object snap mode specifies a snap point at an exact location on an
object. OSNAP specifies running object snap modes, which remain
active until you turn them off.
1.

Choose

or

2.

Type

DDOSNAP at the command prompt
Command: DDOSNAP
or

3.

Click

OSNAP on the Status Bar.

4.

Right Click the Object Snap TAB.

5.

Choose

an object snap to turn ON/OFF from the dialog
box.

7.2 Case by Case (Temporary Mode)
1.

Press

SHIFT + the RIGHT MOUSE BUTTON.

or
2.

Click

one of the object snaps located Object Snap
toolbar icon.

or
3.

Type

The object snap at the prompt line.
Command: Line
From pt: ENDP
To pt: MID
To pt: CEN

TIP:
Case by Case objects snaps will override running mode object snaps

7.3 Osnap Settings
When you use any of the object snap settings, AutoSnap displays a marker
and a Snap tip when you move the cursor over a snap point.

1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Select

the Drafting tab in the Options dialog box.

3.

Change

settings and choose OK.

The following are object snap modes:

CENter

Center of Arc or Circle

ENDpoint

Closest endpoint of Line/Arc

INSertion

Insertion point of Text/Block/Shape/
Attribute

INTersection

Intersection of Lines/Arcs/Circles

MIDpoint

Midpoint of a line/Arc or midpoint

NEAerst

Nearest point on a Line/Arc/Circle/Point

APParent Int

Finds where two entities would intersect

NODe

Nearest point entity (or Dimension defini
tion point)

NONe

None (off)

PERpendicular

Perpendicular to a Line/Arc/Circle

QUAdrant

Quadrant point on an Arc/Circle

QUIck

Quick mode (first find, not closest)

TANgent

Tangent to Arc or Circle

7.4 Aperture
Controls the size and appearance of the pickbox used for object snap
selection.
1.

Type

APERTURE at the command prompt
Command: APERTURE

2.

Type

The size of the target box ( 3-8 is a good size)
Size of target box in pixels (1-50): (number)
or

Aperture

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 8
Setting Up a Drawing

- 53 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
List Command 8.1
1.

Choose

Tools, Inquiry, List.
or

2.

Click

the List icon from the Inquiry Toolbar.
or

3.

Type

LIST at the command prompt.
Command: LIST or LI

4.

Pick

The object or objects to list.
Select objects: (select)

5.

Press

ENTER when you are finished choosing objects:

- 54 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Measuring Distances 8.2
1.

Choose

Tools, Inquiry, Distance.
or

2.

Click

the Distance icon from the Inquiry Toolbar.
or

3.

Type

DIST at the command prompt
Command: DIST

4.

Pick

The first point to measure from
First point: pick point

5.

Pick

The second point to measure to
Second point: pick point

Distance Between Circle Centers

TIP:
Be sure to use Object Snaps with the MEASURE command.

- 55 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Calculating Areas 8.3
1.

Choose

Tools, Inquiry, Area.
or

2.

Click

the Area icon.
or

3.

Type

AREA at the command prompt
Command: AREA

4.

Pick

The first point for area calculation
<First point>/Object/Add/Subtract: pick

5.

Pick

Next point: pick

6.

Pick

Next point: pick

7.

Press

ENTER when you are finished choosing points.
Area of Rectangle

Object

Allows user to pick an object to calculate
area (circle or polyline).

Add

Adds separate areas for a total area calculation

Subtract

Subtracts areas from each other.

TIPS:
Be sure to use Object Snaps with the MEASURE command
To subtract an area, you must first be in “add” mode to add the first area.

- 56 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
ID Command 8.4
1.

Choose

Edit, Inquiry, Locate Point.
or

2.

Click

the Locate Point Icon from the Inquiry Toolbar.
or

3.

Type

ID at the command prompt.
Command: ID

4.

Pick

A point to identity
Point : pick point

Using ID at the corner
of the box rests the
“0,0” origin for relative
coordinates

TIP:
AutoCAD returns the X,Y, and Z coordinates as well as making this the
last point entered in the drawing (to move relative from)
Be sure to use Object Snaps with the ID command.

- 57 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
UNITS Command 8.5
1.

Choose

Format, Units...
or

2.

Type

DDUNITS at the command prompt.
Command: DDUNITS or UN

3.

Choose

a units and angle setting.

4.

Choose

a precision setting.

- 58 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Drawing Limits 8.6
The drawing limits are two-dimensional points in the World Coordinate
System that represent a lower-left limit and an upper-right limit.
The drawing limits also govern the portion of the drawing covered by the
visible grid and determine the minimum area a ZOOM All displays.

1.

Choose

Format, Drawing Limits.
or

2.

Type

LIMITS at the command prompt
Command: LIMITS

3.

Type

One of the following options
On/Off/Lower left corner <.000,0.000>: 0,0

4.

Type

One of the following options for the
upper right limit:
Upper right corner <12.0000,9.0000>:36,24

Drawing with lower left limit of 0,0 and upper right limit of
36,24

TIP S:
You can also pick points to define the limits.
The limcheck variable controls whether or not you can draw outside the
limits that are set. A setting of 0 (off) indicates that you can draw outside
the limits and a setting of 1(on) indicates that you cannot.

- 59 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Plot Scales and Paper Sizes 8.7
The following is an example of setting up an AutoCAD drawing for a D
size sheet of paper (36 x24) with a scale of 1/16=1').
1.

Size

the object you’re drawing.

2.

Border Size

36 x 24 plotted, 576' x 384' drawn.
For some plotters, deduct a 1/2 margin
on top, bottom, and left,and a 1 margin on
the right.

3.

Limits

Lower left limit 0,0.
Upper right limit 576', 384'.

4.

Text Height

for 1/8 notes, multiply by 192 which is
the reciprocal of the plot scale.
1/8 plotted, 24” drawn.

5.

Hatch Scale

for patterns other than architectural.
Hatch Scale = 192

6.

Dimension Scale

Dimscale = 192

7.

Ltscale

Ltscale = 96

Determine your object size

- 60 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Decide Border (Paper) Size

Decide the Scale Factor for Object which is at least 212’, 212’. To do this,
multiply the scale factor x paper size. (i.e.: 1/16”=1’-0’ has scale factor
192)

- 61 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Set Drawing Limits

Determine Dim Scale, Hatch Scale, Ltscale, and Text Height

DIMSCALE
192

TEXT HEIGHT

HATCHSCALE
192

LTSCALE
96 (1/2 scale)

- 62 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 9
Plotting

- 63 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Plot Command 9.1
1.

Choose

File, Plot.
or

2.

Click

the Plotter icon.
or

3.

Type

PLOT at the command prompt.
Command: PLOT or PRINT
or

4.

Press

CTRL + P

- 64 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Plot Settings

1.

Choose

the Plot Settings tab.

2.

Choose

the appropriate paper size based on the
chosen plotter.

3.

Choose

the paper units (inches or mm).

4.

Choose

the drawing orientation (Portrait, Landscape,
Upside down).

5.

Choose

the plotting area.

6.

Choose

the plot scale.

7.

Choose

plot to center or specify an x or y offset.

8.

Click

OK.

- 65 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Adding a Plotter 9.2
Plotter Manager Wizard
1.

Choose

File, Plotter Manager

2.

Double-Click

the Add a Plotter Wizard icon.

AutoCAD adds a plotter configuration to a
saved plot file called ?.PC3. You can then load
from this file later.
3.

Click

Next >

4.

Choose

My Computer.
My Computer will configure a plotter using
Autodesk Drivers. System Printer will configure
AutoCAD using Window’s printer drivers that
are already installed.

5.

Click

Next >

- 66 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Choosing a Plotter Driver
6.

Choose

one of the Autodesk Plotter options.
Your purchased plotter should be listed here.
If it is not, you can choose “Have Disk...” and
specify a location for a plotter driver.
You can also plot to a file by choosing the
DXB, Autodesk ePlot, or Raster File options.

Importing a .PCP or .PC2 file
7.

Choose

Import File...if you wish to import a previously
saved plot configuration file.

8.

Click

Next >

- 67 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Define a Port
9.

Choose

an available port.
NOTE: You can plot to a specific file name or
“Autospool” to a file which can be
automatically sent to the plotter at a later date.

10. Choose

Next >

Saving a Plot Configuration Name
11. Type

the file name you wish to save.

12. Choose

Next >

13. Click

Finish

AutoCAD will save
a new Plot configuration
icon.

- 68 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Plot Styles 9.3
Add a Plot Style
A plot style controls how an object or layer is plotted by determining
plotted properties such as lineweight, color, and fill style. Plot style tables
collect groups of plot styles. The Plot Style Table Manager is a window
that shows all the plot style tables available in AutoCAD.
There are two plot style types: color-dependent and named. A drawing
can only use one type of plot style table . You can convert a plot style table
from one type to the other. You can also change the type of plot style table
a drawing uses once it has been set.
1.

Choose

File, Plot Style Manager.

2.

Double-Click

Add a Plot Style Table Wizard icon.

3.
4.

Click
Choose

Next >
Start from Scratch to create a new Plot
Style.
You can also use a previously configured plot
style, import a style from a previous release of
AutoCAD, or import a pen table.

5.

Click

Next >

- 69 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
6.

Choose

Color-Dependent Plot Style Table

7.

Click

Next >

8.

Type

a name for the plot style table.

9.

Click

Next>

- 70 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
10. Choose

“Plot Style Table Editor...”

11. Pick

an AutoCAD color and assign properties to it.
For example, if you want all RED objects to
be plotted with a pen width of .25 mm, choose
that lineweight.

12. Choose

Save and Close

13. Choose

Finish

AutoCAD will save the file called COLORPLOTSTYLE.CBT
- 71 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Named Plot Styles 9.4
1.

Choose

File, Plot Style Manager.

2.

Double-Click

Add a Plot Style Table Wizard icon.

3.

Click

Next >

4.

Choose

Start from Scratch to create a new Plot Style.

5.

Click

Next >

6.

Choose

Named Plot Style Table

7.

Click

Next >

8.

Type

a name for the plot style table.

9.

Click

Next>

10. Choose

“Plot Style Table Editor...”

11. Create

names for various styles.

12. Choose

Save and Close.

- 72 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 10
Edit Commands

- 73 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Move Command 10.1
1.

Choose

Modify, Move.
or

2.

Click

the Move icon.
or

3.

Type

MOVE at the command prompt
Command: MOVE or M

4.

Pick

Objects to move

5.

Pick

A point to move from
Base point or displacement: (pick point)

6.

Pick

A point to move to
Second point of displacement: (pick point)

Circle before move

Circle after move

TIP:
To move an object a specified distance, type a distance at the second
point of displacement prompt: @1<0

- 74 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Copy Command 10.2
1.

Choose

Modify, Copy.
or

2.

Click

the Copy icon.
or

3.

Type

COPY at the command prompt.
Command: COPY or CP

4.

Pick

Objects to copy.

5.

Pick

A point to move from.
Base point or displacement/Multiple: (pick point).

6.

Pick

A point to copy to.
Second point of displacement: (pick point)
or

7.

Type

A point to copy to.
Second point of displacement: @ 1<0

Duplicate objects copied

Multiple objects copied

TIP:
•

To copy many objects in the same copy command, type M for Multiple at
the “Base point or displacement/Multiple” option.

- 75 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Previous Selection 10.3
Places selected objects in the Previous selection set

1.

Choose

Modify, Move.
or

2.

Click

the Move icon.
or

3.

Type

MOVE at the command prompt.
Command: MOVE or M

4.

Pick

Objects to move.
Select objects: (P)

Previous Selection Set Highlighted

TIP:
AutoCAD requires that objects be selected in order to be processed. The
Select Objects prompt occurs after many commands, including the
SELECT command itself.

- 76 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Offset Command 10.4
Offset Distance
To offset a specified distance:
1.

Choose

Modify, Offset.
or

2.

Choose

the Offset icon.
or

3.

Type

OFFSET at the command prompt.
Command: OFFSET or O

4.

Type

The distance to offset.
Offset distance or <Through point>: (number)

5.
6.

Pick
Pick

The object to offset.
Select object to offset: (select object)
A side to offset object to.
Side to offset: (pick side)

7.

Pick

Another object to offset
Select object to offset: (pick side)
or

8.

Press

Enter to end the command.

Offsetting objects by specifying a distance

- 77 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Offset Through Point
To offset through point :
1.

Type

OFFSET at the command prompt
Command: OFFSET

2.

Type

T to specify a through point
Offset distance or <Through point>: (T)

3.

Pick

A point to offset through (HINT: use object
snaps) Select object to offset: (pick)
Through point: (select object)

Offset through a point

- 78 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
EXTEND 10.5
1.

Choose

Modify, Extend.
or

2.

Click

the Extend icon.
or

3.

Type

EXTEND at the command prompt
Command: EXTEND
Select boundary edge(s)...

4.

Pick

The BOUNDARY edge to extend to

5.

Press

ENTER to accept the boundary edge
Select objects: (press enter)

6.

Pick

The objects to extend
<Select object to extend> / Project /
Edge / Undo: Select an object, enter
an option, or press enter : (select)

7.

Press

ENTER when you are done choosing objects
Lines Extended
to an Arc
(Arc is boundary edge)

TIP:

-

Use the object selection option FENCE to choose multiple objects

- 79 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
TRIM 10.6
The TRIM command allows you to trim objects in a drawing so they end
precisely at a cutting edge defined by one or more other objects in the
drawing.
1.

Choose

Modify, Trim.
or

2.

Click

the Trim icon.

3.

Type

TRIM at the command prompt
Command: TRIM
Select cutting edge(s)...

4.

Pick

The CUTTING edge to extend to

5.

Press

ENTER to accept the cutting edge

6.

Pick

Objects to trim
<Select object to trim> / Project / Edge / Undo:
Select an object, enter an option, or press enter

7.

Press

ENTER when you are done choosing objects
Select object to trim/Undo: (press enter)
Lines Trimmed
to an Arc
(Arc is cutting
edge)

TIP: Hold the SHIFT key to interactively extend instead of trim.

- 80 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Edgemode
Controls how the TRIM and EXTEND commands determine cutting and
boundary edges.

0 Uses the selected edge without an extension.
1 Extends the selected edge to its natural boundary.

- 81 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
MIRROR 10.7
1.

Choose

Modify, Mirror.
or

2.

Click

the Mirror icon.
or

3.

Type

MIRROR at the command prompt.
Command: MIRROR

4.

Pick

Objects to mirror.
Select objects:(select)

5.

Pick

First point of mirror line: (point)

6.

Pick

Second point: (point)

7.

Type

Yes to delete the original objects and
No to keep them.
Delete old objects? Y or N

Mirror Line

- 82 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Mirrtext 10.8
Mirror reflects (mirrors) text if 1, retains text direction if 0.
1.

Type

MIRRTEXT at the command prompt.
Command: MIRRTEXT

2.

Type

1 to reflect the text and 0 to retain the text.
Current value <0> New value: 1 or 0

MIRRTEXT=ON

MIRRTEXT=OFF

- 83 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
ROTATE 10.9
1.

Choose

Modify, Rotate.
or

2.

Click

the Modify icon.
or

3.

Type

ROTATE at the command prompt
Command : ROTATE

4.

Pick

Objects to rotate:

5.

Pick

A pivot point to rotate around
Base point: (point)

6.

Type

A rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference:
(number)
or

7.

Pick

A rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference: (point)

- 84 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Reference Angle Rotation
A positive angle causes counterclockwise rotation, and a negative angle
produces clockwise rotation. If you respond to the last prompt with r, you
can specify the current rotation and the new rotation you want. AutoCAD
prompts:

1.

Type

R for a rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference: (R)

2.

Choose

An existing rotation angle Rotation angle:
(number or points)

3.

Choose

A new rotation angle New angle:
(number or points)

TIP:
You can show AutoCAD the reference angle (by pointing to the two
endpoints of a line to be rotated), and then specify the new angle. You can
specify the new angle by pointing or by dragging the object.

- 85 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
SCALE 10.10
1.

Choose

Modify, Scale.
or

2.

Click

the Scale icon.
or

3.

Type

SCALE at the command prompt
Command: SCALE
Select objects: (select objects)

4.

Pick

A pivot point to scale about Base point: (point)

5.

Type

A rotation angle<Scale factor>/Reference:(number)
or

6.

Pick

A scale factor<Scale factor>/Reference:
(point)
Scale factor/Reference: (points)

- 86 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Scale by Specifying Length
You can show AutoCAD the reference length (by pointing to the two
endpoints of a line to be scaled), and then specify the new length. You can
specify the new length by pointing, or by dragging the object.

1.

Type

R to define a reference length
Scale factor/Reference: (R)

2.

Choose

A reference scale factor
Reference length : (number or points)

3.

Choose

A new scale factor
New length: (number or points)

- 87 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 11
Text

- 88 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Text Command 11.1
Text
Creates a single-line text object
1.

Type

TEXT at the command prompt
Command: TEXT
or

2.

Pick

the Single Line Text icon from the Text Toolbar.

3.

Pick

A start point
Justify/Style/<Start Point>: (point)
or

4.

Type

J to change the justification or S to change the text
style.

5.

Type

A text height
Height <default>: (type value or pick two points)

6.

Type

A rotation angle
Rotation angle <default>: (angle or point)

7.

Type

A text string
Text: (type text string)

8.

Press

enter to exit the Text: prompt.

DTEXT (Dynamic Text)
Creates a single-line text object, showing the text dynamically on the
screen as it is entered.
1.

Choose

Draw, Text, Single Line Text.
or

2.

Type

DTEXT at the command prompt
Command : DTEXT

3.

Follow

the steps 3-8 from above.

- 89 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Text Justification 11.2
1.

Type

JUSTIFYTEXT at the command prompt
Command: JUSTIFYTEXT
or

2.

Pick

the Justify Text icon from the Text Toolbar.

- 90 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Text Justifications
A

Aligns text between two designated endpoints (height and angle are not
requested in this case).

C

Centers the text around a specified point.

F

Aligns the text between two designated endpoints with a specified height
that varies only in its X scale factor.

M

Centers the text both horizontally and vertically around a specified point.

R

Right justifies the text at a designated endpoint.

S

Selects a different text style.

TL

Starts the top left portion of text at a given point.

TC Centers the top center of the text at a given point.
TR Ends the top of text at a given point.
ML Starts the middle left portion of the text at a given point.
MC Centers the middle of text at a given point.
MR Ends the text at the middle right portion at a given point.
BL Starts the bottom left portion of the text at a given point.
BC Centers the bottom center portion of the text at a given point.
BR Ends the bottom of text at a given point.

- 91 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Text Styles 11.3
Style Command
1.

Choose

Format, Text Style...
or

2.

Type

STYLE at the command prompt.
Command: STYLE

3.

Pick

the Text Style icon from the Text Toolbar.

4.

Choose

a style from the menu or create a NEW style.

5.

Choose

a font file.

6.

Type

a height for the text (set to zero to vary heights)

7.

Type

a width factor for each character.
Width factor <1>: (enter)

8.

Type

an obliquing (slant) angle.
Obliquing angle <0>: (angle or enter)

9.

Type

Yes or No to place characters backwards.
Backwards? (Y or N)

10. Type

Yes or No to draw characters upside down.
Upside down? (Y or N)

11. Type

Yes or No to draw characters vertically

- 92 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Font Files
AutoCAD supports the following font types:
.SHX

AutoCAD Fonts

.PFB

Adobe Type I Fonts

.PFA
.TTF

Windows True Type Fonts

TIP:
To replace the font globally in a drawing, type style at the command
prompt and keep the same style name but replace the font file with the
new font. When AutoCAD regenerates, it will replace all text drawn with
that style with the new font.

- 93 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Multiline Text 11.4
Mtext Command
1.

Choose

Draw, Text, Multiline Text...
or

2.

Pick

the Mtext icon.
or

3.

Type

MTEXT at the command prompt.
Command: MTEXT

4.

Type

Height/Justify/Rotation/Style/Width:
or

5.

6.

Pick

2Points to define the text window.

Type

text or change an MTEXT setting.

- 94 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
MTEXT options:

Rotation
Style
Height

Controls the rotation angle of the text boundary.
Specifies the text style to use in paragraph text.
Specifies the height of uppercase text

Direction Specifies whether text is vertical or horizontal.
Width

Specifies the width of the text boundary.

MTEXT Editor

- 95 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Editing Text 11.5
DDEDIT
1.

Choose

Modify, Text...
or

2.

Click

the Edit Text icon from the Text toolbar.
or

3.

Type

DDEDIT at the command prompt.
Command: DDEDIT or ED

4.

Pick

The text to edit.
Select objects: (pick text)

5.

Pick

Additional text or ENTER to end the
command.
Select objects: ENTER

Text Edit Dialog Box for TEXT and DTEXT Commands

Text Edit for MTEXT command

- 96 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Special Control Codes 11.6
AutoCAD provides special control codes to return drafting symbols when
using text.
1.

Type

The following characters to return equivalent
symbol:
%%d

degree symbol (°)

%%c

diameter symbol

%%p

plus minus symbol (±)

%%u

to start and stop underlining
(NOTE)
to start and stop overscoring
(NOTE)

%%o

(Ø)

The MTEXT command has additional symbols that can be accessed by
right-clicking in the MText Editor for more Special Symbols.

- 97 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Spell Check 11.7
1.

Choose

Tools, Spelling
or

2.

Type

SPELL at the command prompt.
Command: SPELL

3.

Pick

The text to spell check.
Select objects: (pick text)

4.

Choose

Change or Ignore to modify or accept the spelling
of a word.

5.

Pick

Change Dictionaries to create your own dictionary.

- 98 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Annotative Text
Use annotative text for notes and labels in your drawing. You create annotative
text by using an annotative text style, which sets the height of the text on the
paper.
The current annotation scale automatically determines the display size of the text
in model space or paper space viewports.
For example, you want text to display at a height of 3/16" on the paper, so you can
define a text style to have a paper height of 3/16". When you add text to a viewport
that has a scale of 1/2"=1'0", the current annotation scale, which is set to the same
scale as the viewport’s, automatically scales the text to display appropriately at
4.5".
1. Create an Annotative text style using the STYLE command.

- 99 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Annotative Hatch

- 100 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Scales
Add Scale

Change Scales

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 12
Layers, Linetypes, Colors

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Introduction to Layers and Layer Dialog Box12.1
1.

Choose

Format, Layer.
or

2.

Type

LAYER at the command prompt.
Command: LAYER (or LA)
or

3.

Pick

the layers icon from the Layer Control box
on the object properties toolbar.

AutoCAD 2005
Layer Properties

- 101 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Layer Options 12.2
?
Make
Set

Lists layers, with states, colors and linetypes.
Creates a new layer and makes it current.
Sets current layer.

New

Creates new layers .

ON

Turns on specified layers.

OFF

Turns off specified layers.

Color

Assigns color to specified layers.

Ltype

Assigns linetype to specified layers.

Freeze

Completely ignores layers during regeneration.

Thaw

Unfreezes specified layers Ltype.

Lock

Makes a layer read only preventing entities from being
edited but available visual reference and osnap functions.

Unlock

Places a layer in read write mode and available for edits.

Plot

Turns a Layer On for Plotting

No Plot

Turns a Layer Off for Plotting

LWeight

Controls the line weight for each layer

TIP:
Layers can be set using the command line prompts for layers. To use this,
type –LAYER or -LA at the command prompt
1.

Type

Command: -LAYER or LA

2.

Type

One of the following layer options
?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF/Color/Ltype/Freeze/Thaw:

- 102 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Layer Shortcuts 12.3
Changing the Layer of an Object

1.

Click

Once on the object to change.

2.

Select

the desired layer from the Layer Control Box
dropdown.
AutoCAD will move the object to the new
layer.

Select layer
Select object first

- 103 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Making a Layer Current
1.

Click

once on the Make Object’s Layer Current icon.

2.

Select

object whose layer will become current:

Match Properties
1.

Choose

Modify, Match Properties.
or

2.

Click

the Match Properties Icon from the Standard
toolbar.
or

3.

Type

Command : MATCHPROP or MA

4.

Select

the object whose properties you want to
copy (1).

5.

Select

the objects to which you want to apply the
properties (2).

- 104 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Layer Previous 12.4
1.

Open

an AutoCAD drawing with layers.

2.

Turn

layers on/off.

3.

Zoom

or perform any AutoCAD Command.

4.

Type

LAYERP at the command prompt.
Command: LAYERP
or

5.

Click

the Layer Previous icon.

- 105 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Layer States 12.5
1.

Choose

the layer icon.

2.

Select

various layers to be ON,OFF,FROZEN,LOCKED,
etc.

3.

Choose

the Save State button.

4.

Choose

Restore State to restore the layer settings.

- 106 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Color Command 12.6
1.

Choose

Format, Color.
or

2.

Type

DDCOLOR at the command prompt.
Command: DDCOLOR or COL
or

3.

Choose

Color on the Object Properties toolbar and then
select a color from the list or select Other to display
the Select Color dialog box.

TIP:
These settings ignore the current layer settings for color.
By Layer
If you enter bylayer, new objects assume the color of the layer upon which
they are drawn.
By Block
If you enter byblock, AutoCAD draws new objects in the default color (white
or black, depending on your configuration) until they are grouped into a block.
When the block is inserted in the drawing, the objects in the bloc k inherit the
current setting of the COLOR command.

- 107 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Linetypes 12.7
Loading and Changing Linetypes

1.

Choose

Format, Linetype...
or

2.

Type

DDLTYPE at the command prompt.
Command:DDLTYPE or LT

3.

Choose

Load... to see a list of available linetypes.

4.

Choose

the desired linetype to assign.

5.

Click

OK.

- 108 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Lineweights 12.8

Loading and Changing Lineweights
1.

Choose

Format, Lineweight...
or

2.

Type

LINEWEIGHT at the command prompt.
Command: LINEWEIGHT or LWEIGHT
or

4.

Pick

a lineweight to make current from the Object
Properties menu.

TIPS:
-

Lineweights can also be assigned to layers.

-

The Display Lineweights feature can be turned on/off o n the status bar to
show or not show lineweights in the drawing, thus making regenerations
faster.

-

Lineweights are displayed using a pixel width in proportion to the realworld unit value at which they plot. If you are using a high-resolution
monitor, you can adjust the lineweight display scale to better display
different lineweight widths.

- 109 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Object Properties 12.9
1.

Choose

Modify, Properties.
or

2.

Click

the Properties icon.
or

3.

Type

DDCHPROP or DDMODIFY at the command prompt.
Command: DDCHPROP (CH) or
DDMODIFY (MO)

4.

Pick

Objects whose properties you want to change
Pick a window for DDCHPROP, single object
for DDMODIFY.

5.

Press

ENTER to accept objects.

6.

Choose

One of the following properties to change.

- 110 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 13
More Edit Commands

- 111 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Break 13.1

1.

Choose

Modify, Break.
or

2.

Click

the Break icon.
or

3.

Type

BREAK at the command prompt. Command: BREAK

4.

Pick

Object to break.
Select object: (select one object)

5.

Pick

A second break point.
Enter second point : (point)

or
6.

Type

F to choose a different break point
Enter second point (or F for first point):(F)

- 112 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
7.

Pick

The firstbreak pointon the object
Enter first point: (point)

8.

Pick

A second break point

TIP:
You can also type coordinates instead of picking a
break point. Enter second point (or F for first point):
@3’<0
If you break a circle, it changes to an arc by deleting the portion
from the first point to the second, going counterclockwise.
Breaking a Polyline with nonzero width will cause the ends to
be cut square.

- 113 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Stretch 13.2
1.

Choose

Modify, Stretch.
or

2.

Click

the Stretch icon.

3.

Type

STRETCHat the command prompt.
Command : STRETCH Select
objects to stretchby window...

4.

Type

C to choose CROSSING window
Select objects: C

5.

Pick

A first corner to stretch. First corner: (point)

6.

Pick

The opposite corner to window the objects to
stretch.
Other corner: (point)

7.

Press

ENTER to accept objects to stretch.

8.

Pick

A base point to stretch from Base point:
(point)

- 114 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
9.

Pick

A point to stretch to Newpoint: (point)
or

10.

Type

A distance to stretch. New point: @1<0

TIP:
The Stretch command must use a CROSSING window or aCROSSING
POLYGON window.

- 115 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Fillet 13.3
1.

Choose

Modify, Fillet.
or

2.

Click

the Fillet icon.
or

3.

Type

FILLET at the command prompt. Command: FILLET

4.

Pick

First object to fillet. Polyline/Radius/Trim<Select two
objects>: select first object.

5.

Pick

Second object to fillet.
Select second object: select second object.
or

6.

Type


P

Fillets anentire Polyline.

R

Sets the filletradius.

T

Sets the trimmode (trim cuts the fillet
corner and no trim keeps the fille t corner).

TIP:
• You can also fillet PARALLEL lines as well as PLINES with LINES
• Type a radius of zero (0) to create a clean90 degree corner.

- 116 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Chamfer 13.4

1.

Choose

Modify, Chamfer.
or

2.

Click

the Chamfer icon.
or

3.

Type

CHAMFER at the command prompt.
Command: CHAMFER

4.

Pick

First object to chamfer.
Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method<Select first
line>: select first object

5.

Pick

Second object to chamfer.
Select second object: select second object.
or

6.

Type


P

Chamfers entirePolyline.

D

Sets chamfer distances.

A

Uses a distance and angle method instead of
two distances.

T

Sets the trimmode

M

Sets the method to distance or angle.

Chamfer with equal distances

Chamfer with different
distances

- 117 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Array 13.5
Rectangular Array
To draw rectangular array:
1.

Choose

Modify, Array.
or

2.

Click

the Arrayicon.
or

3.

Type

ARRAY at the command prompt. Command : ARRAY

4.

Pick

Objects to array. Select
objects : (select)

5.

Type

The number of rows top to bottom. Number of rows(---)
<1>: (number)

6.

Type

The number of columns left to right. Number of columns
(|||)<1>: (number)

7.

Type

The unit cell distance between items in each row.
Distance between rows: (+ number=up, -number
=down)

8.

Type

The unit cell distance betweenitems in each column.
Distance betweencolumns:(+number=right, - number
=left)

- 118 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Unit Cell
Distance
Between Rows

Unit Cell Distance
Between Columns

Polar Array
To draw a polar array:
1.

Choose

Modify, ARRAY.
or

2.

Click

the Arrayicon.
or

3.

Type

ARRAY at the command prompt. Command: ARRAY

4.

Pick

Objects to array. Select
objects:(select)

5.

Type

P to draw a polar array. Rectangular or Polar array
(R/P): P

6.

Pick

A center point for the array. Center point of array: pick
point

7.

Type

The TOTAL number of items in the array. Number of
items: number

8.

Type

The number of degrees to rotate the objects. Degrees
to fill (+=CCW, -+CW)<360>:
number

- 119 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

9.

Type

Yes or No to rotate objects.
Rotate objects as theyare copied?<y>

Center
point of
array

- 120 -

Y or N

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Lengthen 13.6
1.

Choose

Modify, LENGTHEN.
o
r

2.

Type

LENGTHEN at the command
prompt. Command: _lengthen
Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/
Enter delta lengthor [Angle] <0.0000>:2
Select an object to change or [Undo]: pick object

Object before lengthen

Object after lengthen

- 121 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 14
Advanced Display
Commands

- 122 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Transparent Commands 14.1
Transparent commands are those started while another is in progress.
Precede transparent commands with an apostrophe.

1.

Type

LINE at the command prompt.
Command: LINE
Specify first point: (pick point)
Specify next point or [Undo]: 'zoom
>>Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor
(nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/ Window]
<real time>: (pick corner)
>>>>Specify opposite corner: (pick other corner)

Resuming L INE command.
Specify next point or [Undo]: (pick point)

TIP:
Commands that do not select objects, create new objects, or
end the drawing sessionusuallycan be used transparently.

- 123 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Multiple Command 14.2
Multiple repeats the specified command until canceled
If you want to repeat a command that you have just used,
press ENTER or SPACEBAR, or right-click your pointing
device at the Command prompt.

You also can repeat a command by entering multiple,a space, and
the command name, as shown in the following example:

1. Type

MULTIPLE before each command
Command:multiple circle

- 124 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Calculator (CAL Command) 14.3
Evaluates mathematicaland geometric expressions

1.

Type

CAL at the command
prompt. Command: cal
(or ‘cal) Initializing...>>
Expression: 1+1
2

Numeric operators
()

Groups expressions

^

Indicates exponentiation

*,/

Multiplies, divides

+, -

Adds, subtracts

Vector operators

()
&

Groups expressions
Determines the vector product of vectors (as a vector)
[a,b,c]&[x,y,z] = [ (b*z) - (c*y) , (c*x) - (a*z) , (a*y) - (b*x) ]

*

Determines the scalar product of vectors (as a real number)
[a,b,c]*[x,y,z] = ax + by + cz

*, /

Multiplies, divides a vector by a real number a*
[x,y,z] = [a*x,a*y,a*z]

+,-

Adds, subtracts vectors (points)
[a,b,c] + [x,y,z] = [a+x,b+y,c+z]

- 125 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Converts units of measure
1.

Type

CAL at the command prompt.
Command: cal (or ‘cal)
Initializing...>> Expression: cvunit(1,inch,cm)
2.54

Determines Angles
1.

Type

CAL at the command prompt.
Command: cal (or ‘cal)
Initializing...>> Expression: ang(end,end,end)
45

- 126 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 15
Polylines

- 127 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Pline Command 15.1
A polyline is a connected sequence of line segments created as a single
object. You can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a
combination of the two.
1.

Choose

Draw, Polyline.
or

2.

Pick

the Pline icon.

3.

Type

PLINE at the command prompt
Command : PLINE or PL

4.

Pick

A point on the drawing to start the polyline
From point:(select)

5.

Type

Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<endpoint of
line>:
or

6.

Pick

A point to continue drawing
Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<endpoint of
line>: (pick point)

Polyline as one segment

- 128 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

PLINE options:
Arc

Toggles to arc mode and you receive the follow
ing:Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/
Line/ Radius /Second Pt/Undo/Width/<endpt of arc>:

Close

Closes a polyline as it does in the line command.

Halfwidth

Specifies the halfwidth of the next polyline seg ments.
Can be tapered.

Length

Specifies the length to be added to the polyline in the
current direction.

Undo

Undoes the previous pline segment as with the line
command.

Width

Specifies the width of the next polyline segments. Can
be tapered.

Polyline with arcs

Polyline with width .125

Tapered width polyline

Tapered width arc polyline

- 129 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Editing Polylines 15.2
1.

Choose

Modify, Polyline.
or

2.

Pick

the Pedit icon from the Modify II toolbar.

3.

Type

PEDIT at the comma nd prompt
Command: PEDIT

4.

Pick

Pick a polyline to edit
Select Polyline:(pick)

5.

Type

One of the following options:Close/Join/ Width/Edit
vertex/FitCurve/Spline/Curve/
Decurve/Undo/eXit

PEDIT options:
Close

Closes open polyline segments

Join

Connects polylines, lines, and arcs to existing polylines.

Width

Changes the width for all polyline segments.

Fit curve

Creates curved arc segments around pline vertices at the
direction you specify.

Spline Curve

Creates a curve through control points on a polyline.

Decurve

Straightens curved segments.

Edit Vertex

Displays the following Edit Vertex Options:

Polyline width change

Splined Polyline

- 130 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
PLINEGEN
Sets how linetype patterns are generated around the vertices of a twodimensional polyline. Does not apply to polylines with tapered segments.
0

Polylines are generated to start and end with a dash at each
vertex

1

Generates the linetype in a continuous pattern around the
vertices of the polyline.

Edit Vertex Options

1.

Type

One of the following vertexoptions:
Next/Previous/Break/Insert/Move/Regen/Straighten/
Tangent/Width/eXit<N>:

Next

Moves the X to the next vertex

Previous

Moves the X to the previous vertex

Break

Remembers the currently marked vertex and allows you
to move to another vertex. You can then remove the
segments between these vertices. Closed plines will
open.

Insert

Adds a new vertex after the currently marked vertex.

Move

Moves the location of the currently marked vertex.

Regen

Regenerates the pline. Used with the width option.

Straighten

Remembers the currently marked vertex and allows
you to move to another vertex. You can then replace
the segments between these vertices with a straight
one.

Tangent

Attaches a tangent direction to the current vertex for later
use in curve fitting.

Width

Changes starting and ending widths for the segment
following the marked vertex.

eXit

Exits from editing vertices.

- 131 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Editing Multiple Polylines 15.3
1.

Type

the PEDIT at the command
prompt. Command: PEDIT
Select polyline or [Multiple]:M
Pick multiple polylines to edit.

- 132 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Explode Command 15.4
1.

Choose

Modify,Explode.
or

2.

Pick

the Explode icon.

3.

Type

EXPLODE at the command prompt.
Command: EXPLODE
or

4.

Pick

The object to explode. Select objects: (pick)

Polyline before
explode

Polyline (line)
after explode

- 133 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Turning Lines into Polylines 15.5
Use the PEDIT command to pick lines. AutoCAD will ask if you want to turn
these lines into polylines. You can then use the JOIN option under PEDIT to join
additional lines to the polyline.

1.

Command: pedit
Select polyline or [Multiple]: pick line
Object selected is not a polyline
Do you want to turn it into one? <Y>
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit
vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: j

TIP:
• Lines and Arcs must have a common endpoint to join them together.

- 134 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 16
More Draw Commands

- 135 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Polygon 16.1
1.

Choose

Draw, Polygon.
or

2.

Click

the Polygonicon.
or

3.

Type

Polygon at the command prompt.
Command: POLYGON

4.

Type

The number of sides for the polygon
(3-1024)
Number of sides <default>: number

5.

Pick

The center of the polygon. Edge/<Center of polygon>:
pick
or

6.

Type

E to define the polygon by two edges.

7.

Type

I or C to place the polygon inside or outside of an
imaginarycircle. Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed
about circle (I/C):

Polygon Inscribed in an
imaginary circle

Polygon drawn with Edge

Polygon circumscribed
around an imaginary circle

- 136 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Rectangle 16.2
1.

Choose

Draw, Rectangle.
or

2.

Click

the Rectangle icon.
or

3.

Type

Rectang at the command prompt Command:
RECTANG Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width/
<First corner>:

4.

Pick

first corner.

5.

Pick

other corner or type coordinates (i.e. @4,2).

- 137 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Spline 16.3
The SPLINE command creates a particular type of spline known as a
nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curve. A NURBS curve produces a
smooth curve between control points

1.

Choose

Draw, Spline.
or

2.

Click

the Spline icon.
or

3.

Type

SPLINE at the command prompt
Command: SPLINE

4.

Pick

A start point for the spline
Object / <Enter first point>: (pick point)

5.

Pick

Points until youare done drawing splines
Enter point:(pick points)

6.

Press

Enter or close to complete the spline

7.

Pick

Starting tangent point for the spline
Enter start tangent (pick point)

8.

Pick

Ending tangent point for the spline
Enter end tangent: (pick point)

- 138 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Spline options:
Object

Converts 2D or 3D spline-fit polylines to equivalent
Splines

Points

Points that define the spline

Close

Closes a spline.

Fit Tolerance

Allows you to set a tolerance value that creates a
smooth spline.

TIP: Refer to AutoCAD online help topic for more information on spline options.

- 139 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Editing Splines 16.4

1.

Choose

Modify, Object, Spline.

TIP: Drawings containing splines use less memory and disk space than those
containing spline -fit polylines of similar shape.

- 140 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Covert PLINE to Spline 16.5
1.

Draw

a PLINE.

2.

Type

PEDIT to edit the polyline as a spline.

3.

Choose

Draw, Spline.

4.

Type

Object at the command prompt.

5.

Click

once on the polyline to turn it into a spline.

TIP: Use the LIST command to determine if an object is a PLINE or SPLINE.

- 141 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Donut 16.6
Donuts are filled rings or solid-filled circles that actually are closed
polylines with width.
1.

Choose

Draw, Donut.
or

2.

Type

Donut at the command prompt.
Command: DONUT

3.

Type

A value for the inside diameter.
Inside diameter <last>: .5

4.

Type

A value for the outside diameter.
Outside diameter <last>: 1

5.

Pick

A point for the center of the donut.
Center of doughnut: (point)

- 142 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Ellipse 16.7
Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc.
1.

Choose

Draw, Ellipse.
or

2.

Choose

the Ellipse or Partial Ellipse icon.
or

3.

Type

ELLIPSE at the command prompt
Command: ELLIPSE

4.

Type

One of the following options: Arc/Center/Isocircle /<Axis
endpoint 1>:

Ellipse options:
Axis endpoint 1

Defines the first axis by two specified endpoints. The
angle of the first axis determines the angle of the
ellipse. The first axis can define either the major or
the minor axis of the ellipse.

Axis endpoint 2:

<Other axis distance> / Rotation: Specify a point or
enter a distance

Arc

Creates an elliptical arc. The angle of the first axis
determines the angle of the elliptical arc. The first
axis can define either the major or the minor axis of
the elliptical arc.

Center

Creates the ellipse by a specified center point.

Isocircle

Creates an isometric circle in the current isometric
drawing plane.

Rotation

The major axis is now treated as the diameter of a
circle that will be rotated a specified amount around
the axis. You enter an angle between 0 and 89.4
degrees.

- 143 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
ELLIPSE,
Axis , Eccentricity (Axis Endpoint, Axis Endpoint, Other Axis Distance)

ELLIPSE,
Center, Axis, Axis

ELLIPSE,
Axis Endpoint, Axis Endpoint, Rotation=60

- 144 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Multilines 16.8
MLINE Command
Creates multiple parallel lines.

1.

Choose

Draw, Multiline.
or

2.

Type

MLINE at the command prompt.
Command: MLINE

3.

Pick

A point to start the multiline.
Justification/Scale/STyle/<From point>: pick point

4.

Pick

A second point to continue the multiline.
<To point>: pick point

5.

Pick

The next point to continue drawing multilines.
Undo/<To point>: pick point

6.

Press

ENTER to end the mulitline
Close/Undo/<To point>: press enter or

7.

Type

C to close the multiline back to the first point.
Close/Undo/<To point>: c

- 145 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Multiline Justifications
Top Justification

Bottom Justification

Zero Justification

- 146 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Multiline Styles 16.9
1.

Choose

Format, Multiline Style...
or

2.

Type

MLSTYLE at the command prompt.
Command: MLSTYLE

3.

Rename

The existing style called STANDARD to your newstyle.

4.

Choose

ElementProperties to change the appearance of the
multilines.

5.

Choose

ADD to create the newmultiline.

- 147 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Editing Multilines 16.10
1.

Choose

Modify, Multiline...
or

2.

Type

MLEDIT at the command prompt
Command: MLEDIT

3.

Choose

From one of the mledit options:

- 148 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Construction Line 16.11
Creates an infinite line.
1.

Choose

Draw, ConstructionLine
or

2.

Choose

the XLINE icon.
or

3.

Type

XLINE at the command prompt.
Command: XLINE
Specifya point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]:

XLINE Options
HOR
VE R
ANG
BISECT

Creates a horizontal xline passing throug haspecified point.
Creates a vertical xline passing throug h aspecified point
Creates an xline at a specified angle.
Creates an xline thatpasses throughthe selected angle vertex
and bisects the angle between the first and second line

OFFSET

Creates an xline parallelto another object.

- 149 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Ray Command 16.12
Creates an infinite line in one direction.

1.

Choose

Draw, RAY
or

2.

Type

RAYat the command
prompt.
Command: RAY
Specify a point :(pick through point)

- 150 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 17
Crosshatching

- 151 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

BHATCH Command 17.1
1.

Choose

Draw, Hatch...
or

2.

Click

the Hatchicon.
or

3.

Type

BHATCH at the command prompt
Command: BHATCH

- 152 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

BHATCHoptions:
Pattern Type

Sets the current pattern type by using
AutoCAD's predefined patterns or user defined
patterns.

Pattern Properties

Sets the current pattern, scale, angle, and
spacing. Controls if hatch is double spaced or
exploded.

Pick Points

Constructs a boundary from existing objects that
form an enclosed area.

Select Objects

Selects specific objects for hatching. The
Boundary Hatch dialog box disappears and
AutoCAD prompts for object selection.

Inherit Properties

Applies the properties of an existing
associative hatch to the current Pattern Type and
Pattern Properties options.

Preview Hatch

Displays the hatching before applying it.
AutoCAD removes the dialog box and hatches
the selected areas.

Associative

Controls associative hatching.

Apply

Creates the crosshatching in the boundary.

- 153 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Advanced Hatch Options 17.2

1.

Choose

the Advanced... TAB from the BHATCH dialog.

2.

Choose

one of the following advanced options:

Define Boundary Set
Defines the set of objects AutoCAD analyzes when defining a boundary
from a specified pick point.

Hatchstyle
Specifies the method used to hatch objects within the outermost hatch
boundary. If there are no internal objects selected, specifying a hatching
style has no effect.

Boundary Options
Specifies whether or not the temporary boundary objects will be added to
the drawing.

- 154 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Gradient Hatch 17.3

1.

Choose

the Gradient... TAB from the BHATCH dialog.

2.

Choose

one of the following advanced options:

- 155 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

HATCHEDIT 17.4
1.

Choose

Modify, Hatch...
or

2.

Click

the Hatch Edit icon from the Modify II toolbar.
or

3.

Type

HATCHEDIT at the command prompt.
Command : HATCHEDIT

4.

Choose

One of the BHATCH options to modify.

5.

Pick

TheOK button.

- 156 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Inherit Hatch 17.5
1.

Choose

Draw, Hatch...
or

2.

Click

the Hatchicon.
or

3.

Type

BHATCH at the command prompt
Command: BHATCH

4.

Choose

InheritProperties.

5.

Pick

the crosshatchof anexisting associative hatchto make
the current Pattern Type and Pattern Properties
options. Preview Hatch Displays the hatching before
applying it.

- 157 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 18
Regions and Boundaries

- 158 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Boundary Command 18.1
Defines the object type,boundaryset, and island detectionmethod for defining
boundaries from points youspecify.
1.

Choose

Draw, Boundary
or

2.

Type

BOUNDARYat the command prompt.
Command: BOUNDARY

Boundary created

Pick
internal
point

- 159 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Region Command 18.2
Regions are two-dimensional areas you create from closed shapes or
loops. Closed polylines, lines, and curves are valid selections. Curves
include circular arcs, circles, elliptical arcs, ellipses, and splines.

1.

Choose

Draw, Region

2.

Type

REGION at the command prompt.
Command: REGION
Select objects: (pick boundary)
Select objects:1 found
1 loop extracted.
1 Regioncreated.

Object created as a region

- 160 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Mass Properties 18.3
Calculates the mass properties of regions or solids.

1.

Choose

Tools,Inquiry, Region/Mass Properties

2.

Type

MASSPROP at the command prompt.
Command: MASSPROP
Select objects: (pick region)

---------------- REGIONS ----------------

Area:
Perimeter:
Bounding box:
Centroid:
Moments of inertia:
Product of inertia:
Radii of gyration:

11.1328
16.3734
X: 3.1508 -- 7.1352
Y: 2.8950 -- 6.8942
X: 5.1508
Y: 4.8946
X: 276.6983
Y: 305.3510
XY: 280.6701
X: 4.9854
Y: 5.2372

Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid:
I: 9.9891 along [1.0000 0.0000] J: 9.9891 along
[0.0000 1.0000]
Write analysis to a file? [Yes/No] <N>:

- 161 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 19
Blocks and Attributes

- 162 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Creating Local Blocks (BMAKE) 19.1
1.

Choose

Draw, Block, Make.
or

2.

Click

the Make Block icon.
or

3.

Type

BMAKE at the command prompt.
Command: BMAKE or BLOCK

4.

Type

the name of the block.

5.

Pick

an insertion point.

6.

Select

objects to be included in the block definition.

7.

Click

OK.

Insertion point

Note You cannot use DIRECT, LIGHT, AVE_RENDER, RM_SDB, SH_SPOT,
and OVERHEAD as valid block names.

- 163 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Inserting Blocks 19.2
1.

Choose

Insert, InsertBlock
or

2.

Click

the Insert icon from the INSERT toolbar.

3.

Type

INSERT at the command prompt.
Command: INSERT

4.

Choose
the name to insert a localblock and Browse...to insert a
Wblock.

5.

Choose

the insertion point, scale, and rotation of the block.

Block Inserted with
a zero degree rotation angle

Block Inserted with a ninety degree
rotation angle

- 164 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Typing Insert (-INSERT)
1.

Type

- INSERT at the
command prompt.
Command: -INSERT

2.

Type

Block name to insert.
Insert block name or (?) type name

3.

Pick

An insertion
point. Insertion
point: pick point

4.

Press

ENTER to keep the same x scale
factor as the originalblock. X
scale factor <1>Corner / XYZ:

5.

Press

ENTER to keep the same x scale
factor as the originalblock.
Yscale factor
(default=X):

6.

Press

ENTER to keep a rotation
angle of zero. Rotationangle
<0>:
or

7.

Pick

A rotationangle.

- 165 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Control the Color and Linetype of Blocks 19.3
The objects in an inserted block can retain their original properties, can inherit
properties from the layer on which they are inserted, or can inherit the properties
set as current in the drawing.
You have three choices for how the color, linetype, and lineweight properties of
objects are treated when a block reference is inserted.
-

Objects in the block do not inherit color, linetype, and lineweight
properties from the current settings. The properties of objects in
the block do not change regardless of the current settings.

-

For this choice, it is recommended that you set the color,
linetype, and lineweight properties individually for each object in
the block definition: do not use BYBLOCK or BYLAYER color,
linetype, and lineweight settings when creating these objects.

-

Objects in the block inherit color, linetype, and lineweight
properties from the color, linetype, and lineweight assigned to the
current layer only.

-

For this choice, before you create objects to be included in the
block definition, set the current layer to 0, and set the current
color, linetype, and lineweight to BYLAYER.

-

Objects inherit color, linetype, and lineweight properties from the
current color, linetype, and lineweight that you have set explicitly,
that is, that you have set to override the color, linetype, or
lineweight assigned to the current layer. If you have not explicitly
set them, then these properties are inherited from the color,
linetype, and lineweight assigned to the current layer.

-

For this choice, before you create objects to be included in the
block definition, set the current color or linetype to BYBLOCK.

- 166 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Wblock Command 19.4
Writes objects to a new drawing file.
1.

Type

WBLOCK at the command prompt
Command: WBLOCK

2.

Type

A drawing name (and location).

3.

Type

A block name if a local block already
exists. Block name: name
or

4.

Press

ENTER to create a block.

5.

Pick

An insertionpoint on the object
Insertion base point: pick a point

6.

Pick

Objects to create the block.
Select objects: pick objects

7.

Press

ENTER to end the selectionset.

- 167 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Purge 19.5

1.

Choose

File, Drawing Utilities, Purge.
or

2.

Type

PURGE at the command prompt
Command: PURGE

3.

Choose

One of the following purge options:
Purge unused
Blocks/Dimstyles/LAyers/ LTypes/
SHapes/STyles/Mlinestyles/All:

- 168 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Defining Attributes 19.6
1.

Choose

Draw, Block, Define Attributes...
or

2.

Type

ATTDEF at the command prompt. Command: ATTDEF

3.

Choose

TAG to specifyeach attribute occurrence in the drawing.

4.

Choose

Prompt to fill in the prompt that the user sees when
placing the attribute.

5.

Choose

Value to fill in a default value.

6.

Pick

An insertionpoint for each attribute

7.

Create

A block whichincludes the newattributes.

Toggle the following mode settings to on or off .
Invisible

Does notdisplay, butallows extraction.

Constant

All occurrences of this Attribute have the same value.

Verify

Issues extra prompts to verifya proper value.

Preset

Does not prompt for this Attribute during Block insertion.

- 169 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Editing Attributes 19.7
1.

Choose

Modify, Object, Attribute,Single...
or

2.

Click

the Edit Attribute iconfromthe Modify II Toolbar.

3.

Type

or
ATTEDIT at the command prompt
Command: ATTEDIT

4.

Pick

The block to edit
Select block: pick

- 170 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Block Attribute Manager 19.8
1.

Open

a drawing withattributes.

2.

Type

BATTMAN at the command prompt.
Command:BATTMAN
or

3.

Choose

Modify, Object, Attribute, Block Attribute
Manager
or

4.

Click

the Block Attribute Manager icon from the
Modify II Toolbar

- 171 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Synchronize Attributes 19.9
Updates all instances of a specified block with the current attributes defined for
the block
1.

Open

a drawing with attributes.

2.

Type

ATTSYNC at the command prompt.
Command:ATTSYNC

3.

Click

the Block Attribute Manager icon from the
Modify IItoolbar.

4.

Press

Enter anoption [?/Name/Select] <Select>:
enter and select a block with attributes.

5.

Press

ATTSYNC block computer? [Yes/No]<Yes>:
enter to synchronies. ATTSYNC complete.

- 172 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Enhanced Attribute Extract 19.10
The Editor enables you to edit the attributes in an individual block as opposed
to the Block Manager which is used to Block Definitions.
1.

Open

a drawing with block attributes.

2.

Choose

Tools, Attribute Extraction...
or

3.

Click

the Attribute Extract icon from the Modify II toolbar.

4.

Choose

the Current Drawing radio button and Next.

5.

Click

Next to choose Xrefs and nested blocks from the
Settings window.

6.

Click

Next to not choose an existing template.

7.

Choose

the Blocks and Attributes to extract and Next.

- 173 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
8.

Choose

the View output.

9.

Click

Next.

10.

Save

the file phone.xls

11.

Open

the template in Excel.

- 174 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 20
Design Center and Tool
Palettes

- 175 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Design Center Overview 20.1
The AutoCAD DesignCenter finds and tranfers blocks, text styles, layers,
dimensionstyles, etc from drawings, WEB

1.

Choose

Tools, AutoCAD DesignCenter.
or

2.

Press

CTL+2 on the keyboard.
or

3.

Type

ADCENTER at the command prompt.
Command: adcenter

- 176 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Design Center Blocks 20.2
1. Choose
2.

Drag

Blocks
menus.

from one of the Design Center

and drop a block from the Design Center into a
drawing.

TIP:
•

Blocks with attributes will be prompted as they are inserted into the
drawing

- 177 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Hatching from the Design Center 20.3
1.

Choose

a crosshatchpattern fromthe following
AutoCAD directory
AutoCADxxxxSupportacad.pat or
AutoCADxxxxBackup

2.

Drag

and drop a patterninto a drawing.

TIP:
•

Be sure the HPSCALE is set before dropping a hatch patterninto a
drawing.

- 178 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
20.4 Tool Palettes
1.

Choose

2. Choose

Tool, ToolPalettes Window
Palettes iconfrom the Standard Toolbar

- 179 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 21
Point, Divide, Measure

- 180 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Point Styles 21.1
Changes the appearance of points and point sizes.
1.

Choose

Format, Point Style...
or

2.

Type

DDPTYPE at the command prompt.
Command : DDPTYPE

- 181 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Point Command 21.2
1.

Choose

Draw,Point,Single or Multiple Point.
or

2.

Click

the Point icon.
or

3.

Type

POINT at the command prompt.
Command : POINT

4.

Pick

A point on the drawing.
Point (point)

- 182 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Divide 21.3
1.

Choose

Draw,Point, Divide.
or

2.

Type

DIVIDE at the command prompt
Command: DIVIDE

3.

Pick

Object to divide
Select object to divide: (pick one object)
You can select a single Line, Arc, Circle, or
polyline. If you enter a segment count between 2
and 32,767, Point entities will be placed along
the object to divide it into that number of equal
segments.

4.

Type

The number of equal segments to divide the
object into<Number of segments>/Block:
(number)
Objects divided using points

- 183 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
or
5.

Type

B to specify a block instead of a point to insert.

6.

Type

The name of the block to insert
Block name to insert: (name)

7.

Type

Yes or No to align the block with an object
Align block with object? Y or N Number of
segments:

8.

Type

The number of equal segments to divide the
object into<Number of segments>/Block:
(number)

TIP: The Block must currently be defined within the drawing. If you answer yes to
the Align block? prompt, the Block will be rotated round its insertion point so
that it is drawn tangent to the object being divided.

Objects divided using block symbols

- 184 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Measure 21.4
1.

Choose

Draw,Point,Measure.
or

2.

Type

MEASURE at the command
prompt. Command: MEASURE

3.

Pick

Object to measure: Select object to measure:
(pick one object)

4.

Type

The length of eachsegment along the object.
<Lengthof segment>/Block:(number)
or

5.

Type

B to specifya block instead of a point to insert.
Points placed along measured distance
(remaining length is on the right side of the line)

- 185 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 22
Grips

- 186 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Grips Overview 22.1
Entity Grips
Entity grips allow AutoCAD drawings to be edited in an entirely new way.
Without entering any edit commands, you can stretch, move, copy, rotate,
scale, and mirror entities. You can also snap to geometric features such as
endpoints, midpoints, centers, quadrants withoutentering object snaps.
Grips are the small squares that appear whenobjects are selected with the
crosshairs directly from the command prompt.

Unselected Grip
An unselected grip is one that has not yet been picked with the cursor, but is
an item in the current selection set (it is highlighted).Pick anobject to see
grips.

- 187 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Selected Grip
A selected grip is the grip box that you select with the cursor to define the
base point to edit from. It has a solid filled color and is the grip location
that editing is done from.
The red grip at the line endpoint is the selected grip

Cancelling Grips
1.

Press

ESC to clear GRIPS.

TIP: If grips are visible on an object, pressing the DEL key or ERASE will
delete the selected object.

- 188 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
How To Use Grips 22.2
1.

Pick

The objects youwant to edit.

2.

Pick

One of the grips to use as the base grip.

3.

Press

the SPACE BAR, or RIGHT MOUSE
BUTTONto cycle through the grip
modes.
or

4.

Type

The keyword for the mode you
want: Stretch(ST) Stretch the
objects. Move (MO) Move the
objects. Rotate (RO) Rotate
the objects. Scale (SC) Scale
the objects. Mirror (MI) Mirror
the objects.

5.

Drag

The mouse to perform the operation.

6.

Type

C to create a new copy of the
selection set enter C.

7.

Type

X to exit Grip mode.

- 189 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Copy Multiple with Grips 22.3
If you use the COPYoption with any one of the edit commands, a temporary
auxiliary snap grid is created. To invoke the grid, hold the SHIFT keyafter
specifying the location of the first copy. AutoCAD then uses the X and Yoffsets
from the originalentity to define the snap,grid,and rotation of the remaining
entities.

Holding the SHIFT Key
while in Copy Mode will
create a copied array of
objects

- 190 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Grips Settings (DDGRIPS Command) 22.4

1.

Choose

Tools,Options...
or

2.

Type

DDGRIPS at the command
prompt.
Command: DDGRIPS

3.

Choose

the Selectiontab from the dialog box.

4.

Choose

the Grip setting to change.

Enable Grips
Enables the display of grips. AutoCAD stores this setting in the GRIPS
system variable.

- 191 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Enable Grips Within Blocks
Enables the display of grips on objects within blocks. If you disable this setting
(but have Enable Grips selected), blocks are assigned one grip at their insertion
point. Disable this setting to work on blocks with many objects. AutoCAD stores
this setting in the GRIPBLOCK system variable.

Unselected
Sets the color of unselected (unfilled) grips. Choosing this button displays the
Select C olor dialog box, in which you set the grip color. AutoCAD stores the
color in the GRIPCOLOR system variable.

Selected
Sets the color of selected (filled) grips. Choosing this button displays
the Select Color dialog, in which you set the grip color. AutoCAD stores
the color in the GRIPHOT system variable.

Grip Size
Changes the size of grips. To adjust the size of grips, move the slider box
left or right. AutoCAD stores the pixel size (1-255) of the grips in the
GRIPSIZE system variable. Changes the size of grips. To adjust the size
of grips, move the slider box left or right. AutoCAD stores the pixel size
(1-255) of the grips in the GRIPSIZE system variable.

- 192 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 23
Advanced Selection
Commands

- 193 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Selection Modes 23.1
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Choose

the SelectionTAB from the following dialog.

3.

Change

the settings as desired.

Noun/Verb Selection
Allows you to select an object before starting a command. The command
affects the previously selected object or objects. You can also set this option
by using the PICKFIRST system variable.

Use Shift to Add to Selection
Adds or removes an object to the selection set when you press SHIFTand
select an object.

Press and Drag
Draws a selection window by selecting a point and dragging the pointing
device to a second point.

- 194 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Implied Windowing
Initiates the drawing of a selection window when you select a point outside
anobject.

Object Grouping
Selects all objects in a group when you select one object in that group. With
GROUP you can create and name a set of objects for selection.

Associative Hatch
Determines which objects are selected when you select an associative
hatch. If this option is selected, boundary objects are also selected when you
select an associative hatch.

- 195 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Groups 23.2
1.

Type

GROUP at the command prompt.
Command:GROUP

2.

Type

a name for a new group.

3.

Choose

the Newbutton under Create Group.

4.

Pick

objects to be included in the group.

5.

Press

ENTER whendone choosing objects.

6.

Pick

OK.

Lines in a group

Turning Groups ON/OFF
At any time, toggle group selection
on and off by pressing either
CTRL+H or SHIF T+CTRL +A.

- 196 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Object Selection Cycling 23.3
It is difficult to select objects that are close together or lie directly on
top of one another. The following example shows two lines and a circle
that all lie within the selection pickbox
1.

Press

the CTRL key before choosing objects at the
Select Objects prompt.

2.

Pick

repeatedly in the area where multiple objects are located.
AutoCAD will cycle throughall objects that were touching
the pickbox.

3.

Press

ENTER whenthe desired object highlights.

4.

Press

ENTER again.

Objects touching pickbox

First object selected highlights

Second object selected

- 197 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Double-Click Edit 23.4
1.

Double-Click

an object to edit.

- 198 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Draw Order 23.5
1.

Choose

Tools, DisplayOrder.
or

2.

Click

the Draworder Icon from the Modify II Toolbar.
or

3.

Type

DRAWORDER at the command prompt.
Command: DRAWORDER
Select objects: pick an object.

- 199 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Object Filters 23.6
1.

Type

FILTER at the Command prompt.

2.

Select

Line in the Object Selection Filters dialog box under
Select Filter.

3.

Choose

Add to List.

4.

Choose

Apply.

5.

Type

ALL at the Select Objects prompt or select a window.
Command:
FILTER Applying filter to selection.
Select objects: all
6 found
3 were filtered out.

- 200 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Quick Select 23.7
1.

Type

QSELECT at the command prompt.
Command: QSELECT

2.

Enter

the selection criteria (i.e. TEXT HEIGHT < .5)

3.

Choose

OK.

TIP: AutoCAD puts those object(s) into a selection set. Use the “P” previous
option to select these objects.

- 201 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Layer Filters 23.8
1.

Choose

the layer dialog box.

2.

Choose

the three dots (...) to invoke the filterdialog for layers.

3.

Choose

the type of filter youwould like to use (e.g. layer name =
1st*)

- 202 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Point Filters 23.9
AutoCAD point filters allow the user to specify one coordinate, such as the X,
with one pick and a second coordinate, such as the Y, with another pick. The
point filters are .X, .Y, .XY,.XZ and .YZ. Only .X and .Y are used for two
dimensional drawings.

1.

Type

A command that asks for a point.
Command:CIRCLE

2.

Type

.X when AutoCAD asks for a point.
3P/2P/TTR/<center point>: .X

3.

Pick

The point to filter (HINT: use osnaps)
of MID of point on x axis

4.

Pick

The next point to filter
(needYZ)
MID of point on y axis

5.

Pick

A diameter or radius
Diameter/<radius>: Pick or type a diameter
X point filter

Y point filter
Circle center is
placed at the
intersection
of the filters

- 203 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 24
External References

- 204 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
External Reference Files Overview
Attaches, overlays, lists, binds, detaches, reloads, unloads, renames, and
modifies paths to external references (xrefs) in the current (or host) drawing.
1.

Choose

Insert, ExternalReference...
or

2.

Click

the Xref Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar.
or

3.

Type

XREF at the command Prompt.
Command: XREF

The following are Xref characteristics:
-An external reference file is known as an “Xref”.
-Current drawing contains only a “pointer”, the path and filename, to the Xref.
-The current drawing does not increase much in size when it contains an Xref.
-The Xref is reloaded each time the current drawing is loaded, thus always
showing the latest revision of the Xref.
-Xrefs import their linetypes, layers, text styles, dimstyles, views, ucs’s,
vports, and blocks into their current drawing.
-Each Xref named object is p refixed with the xref drawing name and a pipe “|”
symbol.
(i.e. HOUSE|A-WALL for drawing house.dwg and layer a-wall)
- Xdep stands for external reference dependent objects.
- Xref’s layers can be turned on/off in the current drawing.
- Layer zero(0) resides on layer zero(0) of the current drawing.
- Xrefs can be bound to the current drawing, in which case they become blocks.

- 205 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
-Xref layers cannot be made current the the drawing they are xreferenced into.
- Xrefs can be snapped to.
-Xref entities cannot be individually modified in the current drawing.
-Xrefs can be plotted.
-Xrefs can be detatched from the current drawing and will disappear.
-The current drawing pointer, file and pathname can be changed.
-Xrefs can be re-loaded during the current drawing session.
-Xrefs can be nested.
-Xrefs can be clipped to show parts of the reference files.

- 206 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Attaching Xrefs 24.1
Attaches, overlays, lists, binds, detaches, reloads, unloads, renames, and
modifies paths to external references (xrefs) in the current (or host) drawing.

1.

Choose

Insert, ExternalReference
or

2.

Type

XATTACH at the command prompt.
or

3.

Click

the Xref Attach Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar.

4.

Choose

a drawing name to attach.

5.

Specify

the insertionparameters.

- 207 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Xref Layers 24.2
Layer Dialog Box
-Each Xref named object is prefixed with the xref drawing name and a pipe
“|” symbol. (i.e. HOUSE|A-WALL for drawing house.dwg and layer a-wall)
-Xdep stands for external reference dependent objects.
-Xref’s layers can be turned on/off in the current drawing.
-Layer zero(0) resides on layer zero(0) of the current drawing.
-Xref layers cannot be made current the the drawing they are
xreferenced into.

- 208 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Xclip 24.3
Defines an xref or block clipping boundary and sets the front or back clipping
planes.

1.

Choose

Modify, Clip,XRef
or

2.

Click

the Xclip Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar.
or

3.

Type

XCLIP at the command prompt.
Command: XCLIP Select objects:
Other corner: 1 found Select objects:
pick reference file
ON/OFF/Clipdepth/Delete/generate Polyline/
<New boundary>:
Specifyclipping boundary:
Select polyline/Polygonal/<Rectangular>: First corner:
Other corner: pick corners
Defining a Clipping Boundary

- 209 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Xclipframe 24.4
Controls visibility of xref clipping boundaries.

1.

Choose

Modify, Object, ExternalReference.
or

2.

Type

XCLIPFRAME at the command prompt.
Command: XCLIPFRAME

0

Clipping boundary is not visible

1

Clipping boundary is visible

Turning xclip frame on/off

- 210 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Binding an Xref 24.5
Converts Xreference files to block definitions in the current drawing.
Associ- ated objects change names (i.e. the layer called HOUSE|AWALL becomes HOUSE$0$A-WALL). Binding looses the connection
to the referenced file. Xrefs can also be inserted like Wblocks.

To Bind an Xref:
1.

Choose

Insert,Xref Manager

2.

Choose

an xref name.

3.

Choose

the Bind option.

4.

Choose

Bind or Insert.

5.

Choose

OK.

- 211 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Xbind 24.6
The XBIND command is used to bind layers, blocks, linetypes, styles, and
dimstyles of an attached xref without binding the entire xref.

1.

Choose

Modify, Object, External
Reference,Bind...
or

2.

Click

the Xbind Icon fromthe Reference Toolbar.

3.

Type

XBIND at the command
prompt.
Command: XBIND
Block / Dimstyle / LAyer / LType / Style:

- 212 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Editing Xrefs (Xref Manager) 24.7
Detaching Xrefs
Detaches one or more xrefs from your drawing, erasing all instances of
a specified xref and marking the xref definition for deletion from the
symbol table.

1.

Choose

a drawing name to detach from the Xref Dialog.

2.

Choose

the Detachoption.

Unload an Xref
Unloads one or more xrefs. Unloaded xrefs can be easily reloaded.
Unlike detach,unloading does not remove the xref permanently. It merely
suppresses the display and regeneration of the xref definition, to help
current session editing and improvement of performance.

1.

Choose

a drawing name to unload from the Xref Dialog.

2.

Choose

the Unload option.

- 213 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Reload an Xref
Marks one or more xrefs for reloading. This option re-reads and displays
the most recently saved version of the drawing.
1.

Choose

a drawing name to reload from the Xref dialog.

2.

Choose

the Reload option.

Opening Xrefs to Edit
1.

Choose

Modify, Xref and Block Editing,Open Reference.
or

2.

Choose

Modify, Xref and Block Editing, Edit Xreference in Place.

3.

Edit

the objects as desired.

4.

Save

the edits with the following icons.

- 214 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Overlay an Xref 24.8
Overlays are typically used when you need to view another drawing’s geometry
temporarily, but don’t plan to plot using that data. In the following illustration,
several people are working on drawings referenced by master.dwg. The
person working on a.dwg needs to see the work being completed by the
person working on b.dwg, but does not want to xref b.dwg because it would
then appear twice in master.dwg. Instead, the person overlays b.dwg, which
is not included when a.dwg is referenced by master.dwg.

1.

Choose

the Attachoptionfrom the XrefDialog.
or

2.

Click

the Xref Attach Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar.

3.

Choose

a drawing name to attach.

4.

Choose

Overlayin the AttachXref dialog box under Reference
Type.
- 215 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
5.

Specify

the insertionparameters.

- 216 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 25
Raster Images

- 217 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Inserting Images 25.1
1.

Choose

Insert, Raster Image...

2.

Choose

a raster image file to insert.

3.

Specify

a locationto insert the image.
or

4.

Type

IMAGEATTACHat the command prompt.
Command: IMAGEATTACH
or

5.

Click

the Image iconfrom the Reference Toolbar.

- 218 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Image Appearance 25.2
Adjusting Image Appearance
1.

Choose

Modify, Object, Image,Adjust...

2.

Choose

a raster image file edit.

3.

Choose

options from the dialog box to adjust.

- 219 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Image Transparency
1.

Choose

Modify, Object, Image,Transparency.

2.

Choose

a raster image file edit.

3.

Type

ONor OFF to turnan image’s transparency on or off.

Erasing Images
1.

Click

once on the image to remove.

2.

Choose

Edit, Cut.

Imagequality
1.

Type

IMAGEQUALITY at the command prompt.
Command: imagequality
Enter image quality setting [High/Draft] <High>:

- 220 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Clipping Images 25.3
1.

Choose

Modify, Clip, Image.

- 221 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 26
Dimensioning

- 222 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Linear Dimensions 26.1
1.

Choose

Dimension, Linear.
or

2.

Click

the Linear Dimension command from the toolbar.

or
3.

Type

DIM at the command prompt.
Command: DIM
Dim: HOR or VER

- 223 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Aligned Dimensions 26.2
1.

Choose

Dimension, Aligned.
or

2.

Click

the Aligned Dimension command from the
toolbar.

or
3.

Type

Command: DIM
Dim: ALIGNED

- 224 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Radial Dimensions 26.3
1 . Choose

Dimension, Radius or Diameter.
or

2 . Click

the Radial Dimensions command from the
toolbar.

or
3 . Type

Command: DIM
Dim: RADIUS or DIAMETER

- 225 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Angular Dimensions 26.4
1 . Choose

Dimension, Angular.
or

2 . Click

the Angular Dimensions command from the
toolbar.

or
3 . Type

Command: DIM
Dim: ANGULAR

- 225 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Continued and Baseline Dimensions 26.5
1 . Choose

Dimension, Continue or Baseline.
or

2 . Click

the Continue or Baseline Dimensions command
from the toolbar.

or
3 . Type

Command: DIM
Dim: CONTINUE or BASELINE

- 226 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Leaders 26.6
1.

Choose

Dimension, Leader...
or

2.

Click

the Leader icon from the Dimension toolbar.

or
3.

Type

QLEADER at the command prompt.
Command: QLEADER

- 227 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Leader Settings
1.

Type

QLEADER at the command prompt.
Command: QLEADER

2.

Type

“S” at the QLEADER prompt to change the
leader settings.

3.

Choose

a setting from the following dialog box.

- 228 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Quick Dimensions 26.7
Quickly creates dimension arrangements from the geometry you select.
1.

Choose

Dimension, QDIM.
or

2.

Click

the Quick Dimension icon from the Dimensions
toolbar.

or
3.

Type

QDIM at the command prompt.
Command: QDIM

4.

Pick

the objects to dimension.

- 229 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Modifying Dimensions 26.8
DDEDIT
1.

Choose

Modify, Object, Text.

2.

Choose

the dimension text to modify.

TIP: The actual dimension is placed in brackets <>. Text can be placed in
front of or behind these brackets. If text is placed between the brackets, the
dimension loses its associative properties.

Stretching Dimensions
1.

Choose

Modify, Stretch.

2.

Choose

a crossing window around the area to stretch.
Be sure to include the dimension endpoints.

- 230 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
DIMTEDIT
Moves and rotates dimension text
1.

Choose

Dimension, Align Text. o r

2.

Type

DIMTEDIT at the command prompt.
Command: DIMTEDIT
Select dimension: select object
Enter text location (Left / Right / Angle):

Dimension Edit Commands

HOMetext

Moves the Dimension text back to its home (default)
position.

NEWtext

Modifies the text of the Dimensions.

Rotate

Rotates dimension text.

OBlique
OVerride
UPdate

Sets the obliquing angle of Dimension extension lines.
Overrides a subset of the Dimension variable settings.
Redraws the Dimensions as directed by the current
settings of all dimensioning variables.

- 231 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Ordinate Dimensions 26.9
1.

Choose

Dimension, Ordinate
or

2.

Type

DIMORDINATE at the command prompt.
Command: Dimordinate

- 232 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 27
Dimension Styles

- 233 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Creating Dimension Styles 27.1

1.

Choose

Format, Dimension Style...
or

2.

Choose

Dimension, Style.
or

3.

Choose

Dimension Style icon from the Dimension Style toolbar.

4.

Type

DDIM at the command prompt
Command:DDIM

5.

Choose

New... from the dialog box.

6.

Create

a new style from the existing styles.

7.

Click

the Continue button.

TIP:
All dimension variables except for DIMSHO and DIMASO can be saved as a
style.

- 234 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Lines and Arrows 27.2
Edits Dimension Lines, Extension Lines, and Arrows.
1.

Pick

the Lines and Arrows tab from the Dimension Variables
and Styles dialog box.

- 235 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Text 27.3
Edits Text Appearance, Text Placement and Text Alignment.
1.

Pick

the Text tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles
dialog box.

- 236 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Primary Units 27.4
Edits Unit options for dimension’s primary units.

1.

Pick

the PRIMARY UNIT tab from the Dimension Variables
and Styles dialog box.

- 237 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Alternate Units 27.5
Edits Unit options for dimension’s alternate units.

1.

Pick

the ALTERNATE UNIT tab from the Dimension
Variables and Styles dialog box.

- 238 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Tolerances 27.6
Edits Unit options for tolerances.

1.

Pick

the TOLERANCES tab from the Dimension
Variables and Styles dialog box.

- 239 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Fit 27.7
Edits Unit options for fitting dimensions and dimension scales.

1.

Pick

the FIT tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles
dialog box.

- 240 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Dimscale 27.8
Edits Unit options for fitting dimensions and dimension scales.

1.

Pick

the FIT tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles
dialog box.

- 241 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Dimension Overrride 27.9
1.

Choose

2.

Type

Dimension, Override.
a dimension setting to change (i.e. DIMSE1 which
suppresses the first extension line).
Command: _dimoverride
Enter dimension variable name to override or [Clear
overrides]: dimse1

3.

Set

the new value.
Enter new value for dimension variable <Off>: on

4.

Press

enter.

5.

Pick

the dimension to override.

- 242 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Dimension Variables 27.10
1.

Type

SETVAR at the command prompt.
Command: SETVAR
Enter variable name or [?]: ?
Enter variable(s) to list <*>: dim*
DIMADEC

0

DIMALT

OFF

DIMALTD

2

DIMALTF

25.4000

DIMALTRND

0.0000

DIMALTTD

2

DIMALTTZ

0

DIMALTU

2

DIMALTZ
DIMAPOST

0

DIMASO

ON

""

DIMASSOC

1

DIMASZ

0.1800

DIMATFIT

3

DIMAUNIT

0

DIMAZIN
DIMBLK

0
"ArchTick"

DIMBLK1

""

DIMBLK2

""

DIMCEN

0.0900

DIMCLRD

0

DIMCLRE

0

DIMCLRT

5

DIMDEC

1

DIMDLE

0.1250

DIMDLI

0.5000
- 243 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
DIMDSEP
DIMEXE

"."
0.1800

DIMEXO

0.1250

DIMFIT

3

DIMFRAC

0

DIMGAP

0.0900

DIMJUST

0

DIMLDRBLK
DIMLFAC

"Open90"
1.0000

DIMLIM

OFF

DIMLUNIT

4

DIMLWD

-2

DIMLWE

-2

DIMPOST

""

DIMRND

0.0000

DIMSAH

OFF

DIMSCALE

1.0000

DIMSD1

OFF

DIMSD2

OFF

DIMSE1

OFF

DIMSE2

OFF

DIMSHO

ON

DIMSOXD

OFF

DIMSTYLE

"ARCH"

DIMTAD

1

DIMTDEC

1

DIMTFAC

1.0000

DIMTIH

ON

DIMTIX

OFF

DIMTM

0.0000

- 244 -

(read only)

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
DIMTMOVE

0

DIMTOFL

OFF

DIMTOH

ON

DIMTOL

OFF

DIMTOLJ

1

DIMTP

0.0000

DIMTSZ

0.0000

DIMTVP

0.0000

DIMTXSTY

"Standard"

DIMTXT

0.1800

DIMTZIN

0

DIMUNIT

4

DIMUPT

OFF

DIMZIN

0

- 245 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 28
Views and Viewports

- 246 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Named Views 28.1
Ddview Command
1.

Choose

View, Named Views...
or

2.

Click

the Named View icon from the View toolbar.

3.

Type

DDVIEW at the command prompt.
Command: DDVIEW

4.

Choose

the NEW button.

5.

Type

a view name.

6.

Choose

Current display or Define Window.

- 247 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Typing the View Command
1.

Type

View at the command prompt. Command: -VIEW

2.

Type

One of the following view options:
?/Delete/Restore/Save/Window:

View options:
?

Lists the named views for this drawing

Delete

Deletes the named view

Restore

Displays the specified view

Save

Attaches a name to the current view of the drawing

Window

Attaches a name to specified window

Plotting Named Views

- 248 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Viewports 28.2
Vports Command
1.

Choose

View, Viewports, New Viewports...

2.

Choose

one of the viewports configurations

3.

Click

OK.

4.

Click

once in each vport to make it active.

5.

Type

a ZOOM option in each viewport.

- 249 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Viewport options
New Name
Restore
Delete

Gives a name to a viewport
Restores an original viewport
DEL deletes a viewport

Join

Joins two viewports together

SIngle

Creates on viewport in the drawing

TIPS:
Viewports can be named and restored later.
AutoCAD plots only the current vport.

- 250 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 29
Model Space and Paper
Space

- 251 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Creating a Layout 29.1
1.

Choose

the Layout1 TAB at the bottom of the screen.

2.

Right-click

Layout 1 to change the name and other properties
of a layout

- 252 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Creating Multiple Layouts 29.2
1.

Choose

the Layout2 TAB at the bottom of the screen.

2.

Change

the name of the layout.

3.

Change

the remaining Layout options for page setup and
plots.

- 253 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Quick View Layouts 29.3
1.

Choose

2.

Choose

Quick View Layouts from the status bar.

a layout to view.

- 254 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Mview Command 29.4
•

•

Use mview when you would like to see a view of the model.

•

Pspace mode must be active to use mview. AutoCAD will
automatically switch to pspace when you issue the mview command.

•

1.

The MVIEW command controls the size and position of the mview
viewports (from now on called mviews). Mview is to tilemode = 0 as
vports is to tilemode = 1.

The default mview option is "<<first point>>" To use this option, pick
a point which represents one corner of the mview. At the "other corner"
prompt, pick a point which represents the opposite corner of the
mview.
Choose

View, Viewports, 1 Viewport.
or

2.

Type

Type MVIEW at the command prompt.
Command: MVIEW or MV
ON/OFF/Hideplot/Fit/2/3/4/Restore/<<First Point>>:
P1
Other corner: P2

TIP: Mviews should be created on their own layers in order to be turned
ON/OFF.
- 255 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Irregular Shaped Viewports 29.5
1.

Draw

a shape in Paper Space (e.g. circle, polygon, ellipse)

2.

Choose

View, Viewports, Object

3.

Choose

the object to make a viewport.

- 256 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Model Space 29.6
MSPACE (model space) can only be activated if there is at least one mview.
To enter model space mode use "MSPACE".
1.

Type

MSPACE at the command prompt.
Command: MSPACE or MS
or

2.

Double-Click

the word “PAPER” on the Status Bar to toggle to
model space.

Notice the ucsicon will appear in each of the mviews when you enter model
space.

- 257 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Paper Space 29.6
PSPACE mode should be entered to create a border, a title, mviews, and
annotations only. This environment is used to lay out a 2 dimensional
working drawing suitable for plotting. When you plot from pspace, you should
plot 1=1.

1.

Type

PSPACE at the command prompt.
Command: PSPACE or PS
or

2.

Double-Click

the word “MODEL” on the Status Bar to toggle
to paper space.

Notice the "Paper" in the status line and the pspace icon.

- 258 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Scales - Zooming in Model Space 29.7
•

Use ZOOM "XP" to zoom the model a certain factor of the paper.

•

If you enter a value followed by xp, AutoCAD specifies the scale
relative to paper space units. For example, entering .5xp displays
model space at half the scale of paper space units.

•

If you w ant to plot the m odel at 1/4”=1’, type ZOOM 1/48XP . If
you want to plot a part at 3 times, type ZOOM 3XP.

•

Views can also be shown in 3D by using the VPOINT command.

1.

Type

MS at the command prompt to enter Model Space for
each individual viewport.

2.

Type

ZOOM at the command prompt. Command: ZOOM
All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/ Scale(X/XP)/
Window/<Realtime>: 3XP

You can also
change the scale
from the Viewports
Toolbar.

SCALE

2=1

ZOOM
1/4XP

SCALE

1=1

- 259 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Adding Text in Paper Space 29.8
Title block text and miscellaneous text can be added in Paper Space.

- 260 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Plotting in Paper Space 29.9
•

Plotting all MVIEWS should be done from Paper Space not from
Model Space.

•

When you plot from pspace, you should plot1=1.

•

For hidden line removals, remember to use the HIDEPLOT option in
the MVIEW command.

•

Once a ZOOM SCALE has been defined, do not zoom again
before plotting. You can change the display with the PAN
command.

- 261 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Layout Wizard 29.10
1 . Choose Insert, Layout, Layout Wizard
2

Change the various options in the Layout Wizard.

- 262 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Tilemode 29.11
Tilemode is an AutoCAD syste m variable which can be set to 0 or 1. When
tilemode is set to "1". viewports act as they traditionally did, like floortiles.
Each viewport butts up against the next. The viewports fill the screen. They
can only be plotted one as a time. These traditional viewports are known as
"tiled areas of the screen". This is the default setting.

1.

Type

TILEMODE at the command prompt.
Command: TILEMODE
New value for tilemode <1> : Press ENTER

When tilemode is set to "0". The new metaview (mview) viewports can be
used. Mviews can be any size or place on the screen. They may overlap.
More than one mview can be plotted at a time. Each mview can be quickly
turned on or off.
1.

Type

Command: TILEMODE
New value for tilemode <1> : 0

- 265 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Viewport Layers 29.12
VPLAYER (viewport layer) controls layers on and off, and freeze and thaw, for
each mview. Layer controls the on and off, freeze and thaw, globally. Layers
must be on and thawed globally before they can be effected per mview with
vplayer.

1.

Click

in the viewport to change layer status.

2.

Choose

the layer dialog box.

3.

Highlight the layer to freeze or thaw in the current or new viewport.

The layer dialog box also allows control of layers for each viewport.

- 266 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 30
Options Menu

- 267 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Files 30.1
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the Files TAB.

- 268 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Display 30.2
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the Display TAB.

- 269 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Open and Save 30.3
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the Open and Save TAB.

- 270 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Plotting 30.4
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the Plotting and Save TAB.

- 271 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
System 30.5
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the System TAB.

- 272 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

User Preferences 30.6
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the User Preferences TAB.

- 273 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Drafting 30.7
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the Drafting TAB.

- 274 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Selection 30.8
1.

Choose

Tools, Options...

2.

Click

the Selection TAB.

- 275 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 31
Drawing Utilities

- 276 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
AUDIT 31.1
1 . Choose

File, Drawing Utilities, Audit.
or

2 . Type

Audit at the command prompt
Command: AUDIT

3 . Type

Yes or No to fix any errors
Fix any errors detected? <N>: Y or N

If a drawing contains errors that AUDIT can't fix, use the RECOVER command
to retrieve the drawing and correct its errors.

- 277 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
RECOVER 31.2
1 . Choose

File, Drawing Utilities, Recover....
or

2 . Type

RECOVER at the command prompt
Command : RECOVER

The RECOVER command performs recoveries or audit operations on DWG
files only. Performing a recover on a DXF file will only open the file.

- 278 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
PURGE 31.3
1 . Choose

File, Drawing Utilities, Purge.
or

2 . Type

PURGE at the command prompt
Command: PURGE

3 . Type

One of the following purge options:
Purge unused Blocks/Dimstyles/LAyers/LTypes/
SHapes/STyles/Mlinestyles/All:

- 279 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Rename 31.4
1 . Choose

Format, Rename...
or

2 . Type

RENAME at the command prompt
Command: RENAME

3 . Choose

One of the following options to rename“ Block /
Dimstyle / LAyer / LType / Style / Ucs / VIew / VPort:

4 . Type

The old object name
Old (object) name: Enter the old name

5 . Type

T h e new object name
New (object) name: Enter the new name

- 280 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 32
Data Management

- 281 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Importing Files 32.1
1 . Choose

File, Open
or

2 . Choose

Insert, 3D Studio, ACIS, DXB, WMF, or ESP
or

3 . Type

Import at the command prompt.
Command: Import

- 282 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Exporting Files 32.2
1 . Choose

File, Saveas
or

2 . Choose

File, Export

- 283 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 33
Object Linking and
Embedding

- 284 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Copying from AutoCAD 33.1
1 . Launch a Windows program to link to (e.g. Microsoft Word)
2 . Open

an AutoCAD drawing.

3 . Choose Edit, Copy.
4 . Pick

the AutoCAD objects to copy.

5 . TAB

to the Window’s program.

6 . Choose Edit, Paste.

- 285 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Print Screen 33.2
1 . Launch a Windows program to link to (e.g. Microsoft Word)
2 . Open

an AutoCAD drawing.

3 . Press

PRINT SCREEN on the keyboard.

4.

TAB

to the Window’s program.

5.

Choose Edit, Paste.

- 286 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
OLE Linking to AutoCAD 33.3
A linked object remains associated with its source file. When you edit a
linked object in AutoCAD, the source file changes. When you edit the
object in the source file, the linked object in AutoCAD changes.
1 . Launch

a Windows program to link from (e.g. Microsoft
Excel)

2 . Create

a spreadsheet to bring into AutoCAD.

3 . Open

an AutoCAD drawing.

4 . Choose

Insert, OLE Object.

5 . Choose

browse to pick a file to link to AutoCAD.

6.

a location in the drawing to place the OLE object.

Pick

- 287 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

7 . Double Click to edit that object in the original program.
TIPS:
•

Spreadsheets that are imported into AutoCAD drawings with OLE
are limited in size. If your spreadsheet is too large, you can reduce
the column width and row height, reduce the font size, or paste the
spreadsheet in separate parts to break the OLE object into smaller
OLE objects.

•

OLE objects are inserted in an AutoCAD drawing on the current
layer. Turn off or freeze a layer to suppress the display of OLE
objects on that layer.

•

Set the system variable OLEHIDE to display or suppress the
display of all OLE objects in paper space, model space, or both.

- 288 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Hyperlinking 33.4
1 . Choose

Insert, Hyperlink
or

2 . Press

CTRL + K
or

3 . Type

HYPE RLINK at the command prompt
Command: hyperlink

4 . Select

the object to hyperlink
Select objects: 1 found

5 . Choose

an option in the hyperlink dialog box.

- 289 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Opening a Hyperlink 33.4
1.

Move

the cursor to the object with the hyperlink.

2 . Click

with your right mouse button.

3 . Choose

Hyperlink from the menu.

4 . Open

the file from the menu.

- 290 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 34
Communication and
Collaboration Tools

- 291 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
34.1 Plotting to the WEB

1.

Type

Command: plot

2.

Choose

the Plot Device TAB.

3.

Choose

the dropdown list for Plotter Configuration.

4.

Plot

to a .DWF, JPG, or PNG file.

•

DWF format does not compress the drawing file.

•

JPEG format uses lossy compression; that is, some data is
deliberately discarded to greatly reduce the size of the compressed
file.

•

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) format uses lossless
compression; that is, no original data is sacrificed to reduce the
size of the file.

- 292 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
34.2 Configuring DWF Files
1 . Type

Command: plot

2 . Choose

the DWF plot configuration option.

3 . Choose

the Properties...button.

4 . Choose

Custom Properties….

5 . Slide

the slider bar to extreme for a clearer resolution on the
DWF file.

- 293 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
34.3 Publish Command
1.

Choose

the Publish to WEB icon from the Standard Toolbar.
or

2.

Choose

File, Publish

3.

Type

PUBLISH at the command prompt.
Command: publish

- 294 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
34.4 Publishing WEB Pages
1.

Choose

File, Publish to WEB.
or

2.

Type

PUBLISHTOWEB at the command prompt.
Command: PUBLISHTOWEB

3.

Click

Create New Web Page and Next.

4.

Specify

a name for the WEB page , location and description
for the new WEB page and click Next.
(NOTE: Save the WEB pages to C:TEMP)

- 295 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
4.

Select

PNG as the image type for the drawings and Image
Size “Medium” and click Next.
NOTE: If you have the Express Viewer loaded, you
can pick DWF files to view. This will allow you to
zoom and pan the drawings.

5.

Select

Array of ThumbNails as the Template type and click
Next.

- 296 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
6.

Select

a Theme (color) and click Next .

7.

Select

Enable i-drop and Click Next

- 297 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

8.

Select

drawings and/or layouts to place on the WEB page.

9.

Click

Regenerate all images and Next.

- 298 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

10.

Click

Preview and Finish.

- 299 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

34.4 e-Transmit
1 . Type

ETRANSIT at the command prompt.
Command:etransmit

e-Transmit options
.EXE (files are self extracti ng)
.ZIP (PKZIP or WINZIP is needed to extract files)

- 300 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
34.6 i-Drop
i-drop allows users to drag a drawing from an i-drop handle on an i-drop
supported WEB site to an open AutoCAD drawing. Choose the i-drop
option when publishing to the WEB to create an i-drop enabled WEB page.
1 . Type

http://www.autodesk.com/idrop to learn more about
Autodesk’s i-drop technology.

- 301 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 35
AutoCAD WEB Viewers

- 302 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
AutoCAD DWF Viewer 35.1
1.

Launch

Your WEB Browser.

2.

Type

http://www.autodesk.com/products

3.

Click

on Autodesk DWF View from the list of
Autodesk products.

4.

Browse

the site for information or to download a free
copy of the DWF Viewer.

- 303 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Volo View 35.2
1.

Launch

Your WEB Browser.

2.

Go to

http://www.autodesk.com/products/

3.

Click

Volo View to learn more about the Volo
View application.

- 304 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
CAD Viewer 35.3
1.

Launch

Your WEB Browser.

2.

Go to

http://www.cadviewer.com/

- 305 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Internet Explorer 35.5
1.

Launch

Internet Explorer 5.0 or later.

2.

Choose

File, Open.

3.

Browse

to C:TEMP and open a .DWF file to view.

- 306 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

AutoCAD Related WEB Sites 35.6
1.

Launch

Internet Explorer.

2.

Click

on one of the following WEB sites.
or

3.

Search

for AutoCAD related topics on the
Internet on an Internet search engine

http://www.cadalog.com
http://www.cadalyst.com/
http://www.cadsoftware.com/
http://www.3dcafe.com/
http://www.mcneel.com
http://www.caddepot.com/
http://www.caddigest.com/

- 307 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 36
Customization

- 308 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Menu Loading 36.1
1.

Type

MENU at the command prompt.
Command: Menu

2.

Choose

a menu (mnu) file to load.

- 309 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Creating New Menu Files 36.2
1.
Copy
MYACAD.mnu
2.
Type
new menu.

ACAD.MNU to a new file name such as
MENU at the command prompt to load the
Command: MENU

- 310 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Menuload 36.3
1.

Choose

Tools, Customize, Menus…
or

2.

Type

MENULOAD at the command prompt.
Command: MENULOAD

3.

Choose

the Menu Bar Tab.

4.

Choose

Add or Remove to modify the appearance of the
Pulldown menu.

- 311 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Customizing Toolbars 36.4
Create New Toolbars
1.

Choose

View, Toolbars... or

2.

Type

TBCONFIG or TOOLBAR at the command prompt.
Command: TBCONFIG or TOOLBAR

3.

Choose

the New...button.

4.

Type

the name of the new toolbar.

5.

Click

OK.

- 312 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
6.

Choose

the Commands...TAB.

7.

Drag

commands from each menu and drop onto your
toolbar.

TIP: To copy a tool from another toolbar, press and drag the tool to the new
toolbar.

8.

Choose

Close to close the Customize dialog box.

- 313 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
User Defined Buttons 36.5
1.

Choose

View, Toolbars...

2.

Choose

the Commands...TAB.

3.

Click

User Defined from the Categories section.

4.

Drag

a user defined button to your toolbox.

5.

Double Click

the new button.
The Button Properties dialog box will appear.

6.

Choose

Edit...from the Button Properties window.

- 314 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

7.

Draw

the desired symbol by using the draw tools.

8.

Close

the Button Editor (save if necessary).

9.

Press

Apply.

10. Close
11. Close

the button properties window by selecting the X in the
upper right corner.
the Toolbars window.

- 315 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Macros 36.6
1.

Click

Your right mouse button on the button you wish to
modify or create.

2.

Type

the macro command in the macro window.

Macro that inserts a block called chair

TIPS:
• Use ^C ^C to cancel any previous AutoCAD command
• apostrophe (‘) will issue a transparent command
• Use a semicolon (;) to separate a series of commands
• a dash (-) will issue the command without a dialog box.

- 316 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Characters Used in Macros 36.7
Pausing for User Input Example
To accept input from the keyboard or the pointing device in the
middle of a menu macro, place a backslash () at the point where
you want input.

;

Issues ENTER

^M

Issues ENTER

^I

Issues TAB

SPACEBAR

Enters a space; blank space between command
sequences in a menu item is equivalent to pressing the
SPACEBAR

Accel

Pauses for user input (cannot be used in the
erators section)

_
that

Translates AutoCAD commands and keywords
follow

+

Continues menu macro to the next line (if last
character)
- 317 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
=*

Displays the current top level image, pull-down, or
shortcut menu

*^C^C

Prefix for a repeating item

$
or
expression

Special character code that loads a menu section
introduces a conditional DIESEL macro
($M=)

^B

Toggles Snap on or off (CTRL+B)

^C

Cancels command (ESC)

^D
the

Toggles Coords on or off (CTRL+D) SPACEBAR at
end of a menu item

^E

Sets the next isometric plane (CTRL+E)

^G

Toggles Grid on or off (CTRL+G)

^H

Issues backspace

^O

Toggles Ortho on or off (CTRL+O)

^P

Toggles MENUECHO on or off

^Q

Echoes all prompts, status listings, and input to the
printer
(CTRL+Q)

^T

Toggles tablet on or off (CTRL+T)

^V

Changes current viewport (CTRL+V)

^Z
of

Null character that suppresses the automatic addition

- 318 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Editing Menus in Word 36.8
1.

Open

a menu (.mnu) file in a text editor.

2.

Change

the desired menu.

3.
Type
compile

MENU at the AutoCAD command prompt to
and use the menu in AutoCAD/

- 319 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 38
Slide Shows

- 325 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Creating Slides 38.1
MSlide Command
1.

Type

MSLIDE at the command prompt.
Command: MSLIDE

2.

Type

the name of the slide file (and location).

- 326 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Viewing Slides 38.2
1.

Type

VSLIDEat the command prompt.
Command: VSLIDE

2.

Pick

the name of the slide file (and location).

- 327 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Slideshows 38.3
Scripts
In a W ord Processor, create a series of commands to execute in
AutoCAD.
Save the script file with an extension called .SCR.

Pausing a Slide
1.

Type

DELAY at the command prompt.
Command: DELAY
Enter delay time (in milliseconds): 3000
NOTE: 3000 milliseconds is 3 seconds

- 328 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Running a Script in AutoCAD

1.

Type

SCRIPT at the command prompt.
Command: SCRIPT

2.

Pick

the script name to run.

Repeating a Script

1.

Type

RSCRIPT at the command prompt.
Command: RSCRIPT
This will repeat the script command lines continuously.

- 329 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 39
CAD Standards

- 330 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

39.1 Drawing Standards (.DWS) Files
Standards define a set of common properties for named objects such
as layers and text styles. You or your CAD manager can create, apply, and
audit standards in AutoCAD drawings to enforce consistency. Because
standards make it easier for others to interpret drawings, standards are
particularly useful in collaborative environments, where many individuals
contribute to the standards.

1.

Open

a drawing with standards defined (i.e.
AIALayersSampleDrawing.dwg)

2.

Type

SAVEAS at the command prompt.
Command: saveas

3.

Choose

.DW S as the file type to save.

4.

Save

the drawing standard file.

- 331 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
39.2 CAD Standards Manager
1.

Choose

Tools, CAD Standards, Configure... or

2.

Type

STANDARDS at the command prompt.
Command: standards

3.

Choose

Add standards button to add a standards file
(aialayer.dws)

4.

Open

a drawing to check its standards (i.e. HBH-G.dwg)

5.

Load

the CAD standards AIALayer.DWS file.

6.

Choose

Checkstandads... or

7.

Type

CHECKSTANDARDS at the command prompt.
Command: checkstandards

8. Choose

the fix button to make changes to the existing drawing.

- 332 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
39.3 Layer Translator
1.

Type

LAYTRANS at the command prompt.
Command: laytrans
or

2.

Choose

Tools, CAD Standards, Layer Translator.

3.

Choose

Load...to load standards from a .DW S or .DW G
file.

4.

Match

the layers in the current drawing to the layers in
the .DW G or .DW S file.

- 333 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
39.4 Batch Standards Checker
Performs batch checking on multiple drawings outside of AutoCAD’s
drawing editor.
1. Choose

Start, Programs, AutoCAD 2000x, Batch Standards
Checker.

2.

Load

multiple drawings to check.

3.

Compare

to an existing standards file (i.e. aialayers.dws).

- 334 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
4.

Save

the standards audit as a file (.chx)

- 335 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
39.5 Redline Markup Language
1.

Choose

Insert, Markup...

2.

Pick

a markup language file to insert.

TIPS:
Markups range from hyperlinks to simple boxes and circles. Created in
programs such as VoloView
A new “MARKUP” layer is created in the current drawing.

- 336 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

39.6 Revision Cloud
1. Choose

Draw, Revcloud
or

2. Type

REVCLOUD at the command prompt.
Command: revcloud
Minimum arc length: 0.5000
Maximum arc length: 0.5000
Specify start point or [Arc length/Object]
<Object>: Guide crosshairs along cloud path...
Revision cloud finished.
or

3.

Click

the Revcloud icon from the draw menu.

- 337 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
39.8 Wipeout
Creates a polygonal area that masks underlying objects with the
current background color. This area is bounded by the wipeout
frame. You can turn on the wipeout frame for editing and turn it off for
plotting.

1.

Choose

Draw, Wipeout
or

2.

Type

WIPEOUT at the command prompt.
Command: _wipeout
Specify first point or [Frames/Polyline] <Polyline>:
Select a closed polyline:

- 338 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Chapter 40
Isometrics

- 339 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Isometric Cursor 40.1
1.

Choose

Tools, Drawing Aids...
or

2.

Type

DDRMODES at the command prompt.
Command: DDRMODES

3.

Toggle

Isometric Snap/Grid to ON.

- 340 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Isoplane Toggle 40.2
1.

Press

Function Key F5 to toggle
<Isoplane Top>
<Isoplane Left>
<Isoplane Right>
or

2.

Press

CTRL + E to toggle isoplanes.

- 341 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Isometric Circles 40.3
1.

Type

ELLIPSE at the command prompt.
Command: ELLIPSE or EL
Arc/Center/Isocircle/<Axis endpoint 1>: I Center
of circle: <Isoplane Top>
<Circle radius>/Diameter:

- 342 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
Isometric Text 40.4
1.

Type

STYLE at the command prompt
Command:STYLE

2.

Type

RISO as a style name
Text style name (or ?) RISO

3.

Pick

A font file
Font file: Romans.shx

4.

Type

Zero(0) for the text height
Height <0>0

5.

Type

.85 for the character width factor
Width factor: .85

6.

Type

30 degrees for an obliquing angle
Obliquing Angle: 30

7.

Type

NO to Backwards, Upside Down, and Vertical

8.

Type

DTEXT at the command prompt
Command:DTEXT

9.

Pick

A start point
Justify/Style/<Start point>: pick

10. Type

30 for the rotation angle
Rotation angle:30

11. Type

A string of text
Text:(text string)

12. Press ENTER to end the text command

- 343 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Style

Width Factor

Oblique Angle

Rotation Angle

Left ISO

.85

-30

-30

Right ISO

.85

30

30

Top ISO

.85

30

-30

- 344 -

AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

Isometric Dimensions 40.5
1.

Type

DIMALIGNED to place an aligned dimension in
isometrics

2.

Type

DIMEDIT oblique the angle of the dimension line and
rotate the text.
Oblique Angle = -30
Rotated Text = 30

- 345 -

2 d autocad_2009

More Related Content

What's hot (9)

Viewers also liked (12)

Similar to 2 d autocad_2009 (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

2 d autocad_2009