A synchronous scheduling service (SSS)
      for distributed real-time Java

        Pablo Basanta-Val, Iria Estévez-Ayres,
        Marisol García-Valls, and Luis Almeida
                mailto:pbasanta@it.uc3m.es


†Jornadas de Tiempo Real 2011- Madrid(         )
  Publicado en IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Outline
• Context and Motivation
• FTT and DREQUIEMI integration
• SSS (Synchronous Scheduling Service)
  –   Master Slave Model
  –   Choreographies
  –   Choreographies scheduling/scheduler
  –   Architecture and examples
  –   Performance
• Conclusion and ongoing work

                                            2
Context
• Java programmers may use two specifications for
  develop their real-time applications
   – RTSJ: The Real-Time Specification for Java
   – DRTSJ: The Distributed Real-Time Specification for Java
• DRTSJ has focused on remote object upcalling and
  abstractions (distributable threads).
   – But not in a predictable networks
   – Networks predictability is a requirement



                              JRT-11                           3
In this work
• We introduce time-triggered orientation in
  distributed real-time Java
   – Basic model used the FTT (Flexible Time-Triggered)
     protocol
   – Supported as a new service in distributed real-time Java
      • SSS (Synchronous Scheduling Service)
• We obtain a more predictable network management
   – Useful for instance in high-integrity applications




                                JRT-11                          4
FTT and DREQUIEMI
integration (1/3)




               JRT-11   5
FTT and DREQUIEMI
integration (2/3)




               JRT-11   6
FTT and DREQUIEMI
integration (3/3)




               JRT-11   7
System overview




              JRT-11   8
Choreographies set




               JRT-11   9
T and S choreographies




                 JRT-11   10
C and P choreographies




               JRT-11    11
Scheduling
Choreographies
• Each choreography is
  modeled as non preemptive
  task
   – {O, T, C, D}
• The choreographies
  executed by the master
   - It runs a NPR-EDF
- Simple admission control
  (T=D)

                           JRT-11   12
Implementation issues:
Convergence Layer




                    JRT-11   13
Example 1: real-time
producer consumer (1/2)
 Every 10 ms           Maximum                  Process data
 generates a           network delay:           coming from a
 sample                 20 ms                   producer

       10                                10
            producer                          consumer
              slave                             slave




                                JRT-11                          14
Example real-time
producer consumer (2/2)
 Every 10 ms               Maximum network          Process data
 generates a sample        delay:                   coming from a
                            20 ms                   producer


         10                                    10
              producer                              consumer
                slave                                 slave




 PC# Produce# producer # CC.data
 O= 5ms                               master
 T= 10 ms
 C= 2 ms
 D= 10 ms                           NPR-EDF
 CC # Consume# consumer#
 O= 15 ms
 T= 10 ms
 C= 2 ms
 D= 10 ms
                                    JRT-11                          15
Experiments (1/2)
                                 Master-slave
                                 templates

End-to-End costs (us)            Convergence
                                 Layer
over 796 MHz-100Mbps
                                 DREQUIEMI

                                 J2ME-RMIOP


                                 JTime

                                 TimesysOs




                        JRT-11                  16
Experiments (2/2)          Master-slave
                           templates

End-to-End costs (bytes)   Convergence
                           Layer
over 796 MHz-100Mbps
                           DREQUIEMI

                           J2ME-RMIOP


                           JTime
                           TimesysOs
Master-slave

Jitter [new]                 templates
                             Convergence

time vs. event triggered
                             Layer

                             DREQUIEMI

                             J2ME-RMIOP


                             JTime
                             TimesysOs




                    JRT-11                  18
Conclusions
• Developed techniques to include time-triggered
  orientation in distributed real-time Java
   – Synchronous Scheduling Service (SSS)
• Empirical evidences showed better performance
  than an ET approach
   – Because TCP/IP stacks and OS are not fully preemptive




                             JRT-11                          19
Ongoing work
• Developing a minimum time-triggered
  implementation without DREQUIEMI
  – Ongoing master thesis
• Changes in the model
  – NPR-RMS model vs. NPR-EDF
  – One way choreographies




                        JRT-11          20
JRT-11   21

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A synchronous scheduling service for distributed real-time Java

  • 1. A synchronous scheduling service (SSS) for distributed real-time Java Pablo Basanta-Val, Iria Estévez-Ayres, Marisol García-Valls, and Luis Almeida mailto:pbasanta@it.uc3m.es †Jornadas de Tiempo Real 2011- Madrid( ) Publicado en IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
  • 2. Outline • Context and Motivation • FTT and DREQUIEMI integration • SSS (Synchronous Scheduling Service) – Master Slave Model – Choreographies – Choreographies scheduling/scheduler – Architecture and examples – Performance • Conclusion and ongoing work 2
  • 3. Context • Java programmers may use two specifications for develop their real-time applications – RTSJ: The Real-Time Specification for Java – DRTSJ: The Distributed Real-Time Specification for Java • DRTSJ has focused on remote object upcalling and abstractions (distributable threads). – But not in a predictable networks – Networks predictability is a requirement JRT-11 3
  • 4. In this work • We introduce time-triggered orientation in distributed real-time Java – Basic model used the FTT (Flexible Time-Triggered) protocol – Supported as a new service in distributed real-time Java • SSS (Synchronous Scheduling Service) • We obtain a more predictable network management – Useful for instance in high-integrity applications JRT-11 4
  • 8. System overview JRT-11 8
  • 10. T and S choreographies JRT-11 10
  • 11. C and P choreographies JRT-11 11
  • 12. Scheduling Choreographies • Each choreography is modeled as non preemptive task – {O, T, C, D} • The choreographies executed by the master - It runs a NPR-EDF - Simple admission control (T=D) JRT-11 12
  • 14. Example 1: real-time producer consumer (1/2) Every 10 ms Maximum Process data generates a network delay: coming from a sample 20 ms producer 10 10 producer consumer slave slave JRT-11 14
  • 15. Example real-time producer consumer (2/2) Every 10 ms Maximum network Process data generates a sample delay: coming from a 20 ms producer 10 10 producer consumer slave slave PC# Produce# producer # CC.data O= 5ms master T= 10 ms C= 2 ms D= 10 ms NPR-EDF CC # Consume# consumer# O= 15 ms T= 10 ms C= 2 ms D= 10 ms JRT-11 15
  • 16. Experiments (1/2) Master-slave templates End-to-End costs (us) Convergence Layer over 796 MHz-100Mbps DREQUIEMI J2ME-RMIOP JTime TimesysOs JRT-11 16
  • 17. Experiments (2/2) Master-slave templates End-to-End costs (bytes) Convergence Layer over 796 MHz-100Mbps DREQUIEMI J2ME-RMIOP JTime TimesysOs
  • 18. Master-slave Jitter [new] templates Convergence time vs. event triggered Layer DREQUIEMI J2ME-RMIOP JTime TimesysOs JRT-11 18
  • 19. Conclusions • Developed techniques to include time-triggered orientation in distributed real-time Java – Synchronous Scheduling Service (SSS) • Empirical evidences showed better performance than an ET approach – Because TCP/IP stacks and OS are not fully preemptive JRT-11 19
  • 20. Ongoing work • Developing a minimum time-triggered implementation without DREQUIEMI – Ongoing master thesis • Changes in the model – NPR-RMS model vs. NPR-EDF – One way choreographies JRT-11 20
  • 21. JRT-11 21