2015 unc class
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This document discusses the challenges and misuse of science in communication, particularly regarding GMO crops and agricultural innovations. It emphasizes the importance of relying on peer-reviewed research and highlights various transgenic techniques that can address agricultural issues, enhance food production, and benefit consumers and the environment. The author advocates for clearer interpretation of scientific data to distinguish legitimate research from misleading information.
2015 unc class
- 1. Bio-Talk-Nowledge-y Communicating the Science of Science Communication Kevin M. Folta Professor and Chair Horticultural Sciences Department kfolta.blogspot.com @kevinfolta kfolta@ufl.edu
- 2. "There is a path to truth and sincerity that you must guard and defend“ -- Teruyuki Okazaki
- 3. 1. Misuse of Science 1. Bad experiments, bad data, big impacts. 2. Good experiments, misrepresented. 2. What are your problems, your solutions?
- 4. Misuse of Science For fame, fortune and political victories There is money to be made in manufacturing risk. Activists can hijack venues that appear scientific Predatory publishing allows publication of work that lacks scientific rigor What we’re seeing Bad science --- lots of press! Good science incorrectly interpreted
- 6. What are some facts about science and publishing? -- It is an ugly process! -- It is the gold standard. -- Everybody wants to be number 2! -- Good science grows. -- Science careers are tough. A breakthrough changes everything.
- 16. Number of Starbucks Organic food sales Wi Fi hotspots Manufacturing the Perception of Risk confusing correlation and causality
- 17. Manufactured Risk Scientist claiming mysterious GMO organism that causes disease in humans, livestock and plants (>8 years, no evidence) Statistically-insignificant work with missing controls http://farmandranchfreedom.org/let ter-dr-huber-roundup-animal- miscarriage-infertility/
- 18. Seralini et al 2012 Figure 3 Bad Science and the “Link” to Tumors
- 22. True or False? Kathage and Qian 2012
- 28. What the Report Really Said: You could detect glyphosate at a few ng / m3 Measured 3-100 m outside of field. Glyphosate replaced other herbicides The use of GM cotton has reduced insecticide use, massively
- 31. How do we possibly know what to trust? If it is true, more scientists will get invovled and the discipline will expand. Rely on peer-reviewed research, not websites. Real breakthroughs will be in the best journals. Correlations must lead to mechanisms.
- 32. GMO 2.0 Kevin M. Folta Associate Professor and Chair Horticultural Sciences Department kfolta.blogspot.com @kevinfolta kfolta@ufl.edu
- 33. What are some of the challenges in agriculture? What are some of your solutions?
- 34. Technology Exists NOW Research has been published demonstrating that transgenic techniques can: Biofortify foods with vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients Grow plants in marginal areas Grow plants with fewer inputs Efficient use of fertilizers Insect resistance Disease resistance
- 35. Strawberries requiring less fungicide Strawberries are the most fungicide-intensive crop Overexpression of the NPR1 gene allows them to grow in presence of high fungal pressure. Plants overexpressing NPR1 were inoculated with a series of pathogens and moved to warm, humid conditions.
- 37. Golden Rice X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy Opposition to golden rice cost $2 billion to farmers in developing countries and 1.4 million human years – Wesseler et al., 2014
- 38. Cassava Virus Resistant Cassava (VIRCA) Biocassava Plus (BC Plus) 250 million depend on cassava 50 million tons lost to virus. X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy
- 39. Golden Bananas Beta carotene producing X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy
- 40. Survives moderate drought, especially at key times like flowering It is based on overexpression of a maize stress gene Non transgenic transgenic X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy
- 41. Allergy-Free Peanuts Peanut – RNAi suppression Ara h2 X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy
- 42. Allergy Free Wheat Using RNAi to repress gliadin levels
- 43. BS2 Tomato A pepper gene in tomato eases black spot and wilt. X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy
- 44. High Anthocyanin Tomato A transcription factor excites anthocyanin production in fruits X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy X Longer shelf life too.
- 45. Acrylamide Free, non Browning Potatoes X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy
- 46. Non Browning Apples Silencing a gene that leads to discoloration X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy Small Business!X
- 47. Grapes resistant to Pierce’s Disease X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy X
- 48. Virus Resistant Beans Embrapa, Brazil Important Central American Crop transgenic Non-transgenic
- 51. One acre of omega-3 producing soybeans yields as much oil as 10,000 fish!
- 52. Stopping Citrus Greening Spinach defensin NPR1 Lytic peptides Many show promise Earliest deregulation is 2019
- 53. Edible Cotton Seeds! Gossypol- free Defense compound to protect seeds Protein rich seeds could feed 500 M people Transgenic cotton with suppressed gossypol synthesis
- 54. Edible Cotton Seeds! Chestnut blight has destroyed the American Chestnut. A single gene confers resistance to the disease. Not food… so deregulation is an interesting question.
- 55. Bacterial Wilt in Bananas >70% of calories for some areas GM trials in Uganda X X Farmers Consumers Environment Needy X
- 56. Where to Learn More About the Pipeline? www.isaaa.org
- 57. National Academies of Sciences Academics Reviews kevinfolta@gmail.com @kevinfolta Illumination (blog) Biofortified.org Genetic Literacy Project.com gmoanswers.com Provide a Trail to Good Information Academics Review : GMOLOL on Facebook : GMO Skeptiform (facebook) Illumination (my blog) :
- 58. In Conclusion We have to be able to separate the legitimate science from that which is a suspect. We need to be able to better interpret actual science, and note cases where interpretations overstep the data. What are ways this technology can be used to solve problems, helping farmers, consumers, the environment and the needy?