24 sumit 1
- 1. SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ SUMIT GOKLANEY (213-218) MAY-JUNE, 2015, VOL. 3/18 www.srjis.com Page 213 CORRUPTION IN INDIAN GOVERNANCE Sumit Goklaney, Assistant professor in commerce, Department of commerce, GGDSD College, Kheri Gurna World has been developing dramatically and with it, the destroying factors like corruption is also growing. Corruption is such a word about which everyone has heard and experienced is the personal lives. Why this word has become so common? The word corruption has something negative related to it, they why it is growing so rapidly. Who is responsible & accountable for its genesis & growth? And what we have to do if we want to get rid of this drastic system. Every day we read the different ways or types of corruption happening in society and we make assumption by ourselves. When it comes to India, situation is whether same or different. This research paper has been prepared to answer these questions and suggest some valuable measures for its prevention. An attempt has been made to clarify the issue, to show various aspects of it are which providing measures for its prevention, at the same time. Keyword:-Corruption, Democracy, Authority, Rule of Law, Bribes. Introduction: We usually say corruption has become a part o system and every person has sometime got to encounter with it in his personal life. What do we mean by corruption here? When we see employees in govt. offices providing services to general public which are their right only after taking bravery, we call it corruption. When we read that Govt. Funds which are to reach to poor and needful people in the society does not reach to them rather goes in the pockets of intermediates, we call it corruption. When we see a traffic inspector making Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com Abstract
- 2. SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ SUMIT GOKLANEY (213-218) MAY-JUNE, 2015, VOL. 3/18 www.srjis.com Page 214 settlement by taking bribery with person who has violated traffic rules, we call it corruption .Corruption is use of authorities of power by govt. officials for their private gains. Corruption includes bribery, frauds, nepotism, embezzlement etc. We can't get any of our work dine in govt. offices without producing cash in most cases. If we are doing, we are making ourselves participants of corruption. To improve the situation, everyone has to do his/her share. Some measures like public awareness (making people aware about their rights), good governance, building systematic integrity within the society, taking strict actions against defaulting parties, giving support to organization which are working to vanish their hazardous system. If everyone takes step together, this dirty system can easily be vanished from society. Meaning of corruption: The meaning & definition of corruption may vary from person to person and society to society. World Bank & Transparency International defines it as misuse of public office for private gain'. When public officials or officers use their official power for their private gain instead of serving people, it is corruption. Corruption has so much spread in the society that it has become a daily practice. General public easily accepts it, let themselves looted instead of protect them, resulting in weakening of society and the growth of evil in society. We can see the corrupt practices happening at all levels from lowest to uppermost. At lower level, govt. officials in public offices gets brides to implement the policies, or for giving the people the services which are their right. The type of corruption can be called petty corruption & it is done by lower level officials. Some shows a different view regarding these types of corruption. They say that type of corruption done by those officials who legal eating is very low. To provide good life education to their family & children, they depend on such bribes. Corruption done by top level officials, who formulates policies & makes law, is called as grand corruption. At this level, polices are made good for corrupt people (who gives large private gains to officials) and hazardous for the general public. Corruption whether petty or grand weakness the society by misappropriating use of resources of society, making the position worst for the poor destroying integrating society, spreading other social evil etc. In terms of money, corruption has reached the highest levels. World Bank, based on worldwide date compiled in 2001-02, estimated that the amount of money paid in bribes, globally was some $ 1 trillion. According to UN developing program, corruption is costing the developing world billions of dollars every year. It siphons off scare resources and diminishes a country's prospects for development. In a country where corruption is endemic the consequence are pay bribes. In the end, corruption tightens the
- 3. SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ SUMIT GOKLANEY (213-218) MAY-JUNE, 2015, VOL. 3/18 www.srjis.com Page 215 shackles of poverty on countries that can least afford it, on becomes responsible for crime. Corrupt people just for private gain, hake the criminals work easy which affairs is hazardous for society and nation. Research Methodology: Analytical research methodology has been adopted in presenting this paper. The individual experiences have been analyzed thoroughly to get every aspect related to the given issue. This is such an issue about which we get a lot a experience in our surrounding society. The secondary source of data has also been used in presenting the paper. Materials have been collected for newspapers, websites newspaper, journals, research paper etc. Corruption is such an issue which we most likely to talk about when we ourselves get a victim of it. We, ourselves make the corruption to grow by becoming victims of it and not making ourselves aware about our rights. Measures taken to prevent corruption can be successful if we all work for it and unity. Research objectives 1. To get the answer of the question who is responsible of corruption 2. To analyze and interpret whether corruption affects everyone equally or differently 3. To suggest the measures to prevent corruption has been suggested. Global View: Though, corruption is worldwide spread, yet some countries contain more corruption then other. Globally integrity on the basis of its measurement of anti corruption and good governance system approach points out some countries at the top not have anti-corruption institution which are Angola, Serbia, Cambodia, China, Belarus, Georgia Morocco, Nicaragua, Somalia, Yemen etc which are taking series risk for high level corruption by not making good governance system for anti-corruption practices Whereas, according to transparency international, counties have most corrupt officials are Somalia, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Sudan, Iraq, Chad, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran and Tabiti etc This ranking based on latest CPI in 2009, drawn on 13 different polls and survey from 10 independent institutions to some counties it has become the integral part of system. During the national integrity survey conducted in 1998, an elderly lady from Uganda expressed he views about corruption as given below. "In fact, this is common. Daily and open practice, so that we thing government has legalized the payment of bribes in the country Who is Responsible? : Corruption is not something which can grow by one person. Pubic offices as well as general public are participants of corruption. So it's wrong to say that only
- 4. SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ SUMIT GOKLANEY (213-218) MAY-JUNE, 2015, VOL. 3/18 www.srjis.com Page 216 corrupt people are responsible for corruption, (which demands for bribes.) rather, the people who offers bribes and who gets ready to give bribes are also responsible for the same. On a broader level, every person or the whole society is responsible for corruption who bears corruption & let it grow, if general public protest against corruption & take no bribery pledge, corruption can be vanished,. It is task where everyone has to work at his/her level at the beginning. When a person decides not to give bribery and decides not to support corrupt practices. Conditions can improve for society. The government should initiate by establishing anti-corruption intuitions, good governess system etc. the government, governance system, public officials everyone has to work together to check on corruption all directly or indirectly are responsible for corruption Forms of Governance – More corrupt: Is democracy is better than autocratic system? Mubxinpei form Carnegie endowment clarifies corruption does exist is democracies but it is fundamentally different from the massive looting by authority in dictatorship. That is why the least corrupt countries, with a few exceptions, all happen to be democracies, and the most corrupt countries are over holding autocracies. The corruption is more prevalent in autocracies I no more coincidence. White democracies derive their legitimacy and popular support through competitive election and the role of laws autocracies depend on the support of small group of political and social elites, the military, the bureaucracy and the secret police" Having our country as a democracy, doesn't guarantee that ours is a less corrupt country. Rather, corruption exists in all societies, but in democracies there are more chances to minimize. As in democracies, the people are rules select the government they can demand more transparency is its operations. Prevention: There is an old saying that, “Prevention is better than cure," so, measures should be taken to prevent corruption Some suggestion are: Good Governance: Good Governance includes elements like participating of general public. Where general public plays a vital role in governance system. The system gets strong and less corrupt; the other element of good governance is transparency. If the operation of government transparent polices, rules, acts, legislations mode transport it ensures good governance and prevention of corruption. Account ability in one such element which is necessary to improve the situation. Especially public section service delivery can be improved by fixing accountability. Accountability done one right prospect works for anti-corruption practices.
- 5. SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ SUMIT GOKLANEY (213-218) MAY-JUNE, 2015, VOL. 3/18 www.srjis.com Page 217 Rule of Law: Rule of law supports a legal framework that is enforced impartially, if we can't enforce the rules made of the benefit of public, there remains no value for the existence, so enforcement is necessary to follows rule of law. Public Awareness 1. Public Awareness in must for combating corruption. People should be aware about their right & powers. In democracies, people have more power for their rights than autocracies. Some steps can be taken which are given as below. 2. Public education and awareness campaign through newspapers, FM, radio, TV, Websites, Conducting workshops where all shareholders of society can be given education about their right & powers Public at their level should also initiate by say "No" to bribery & corruption Children & youth from home & schools should be given thoughts, education for anti-corruption practices. 3. Media can play an important role n creating awareness by showing hazardous effects of corrupt practices in society. Thus inspiring people to do & support anti corruption practices. National integrity system can be made including pillars like judiciary, anti corruption institutions watches of agencies, good governance system public awareness program, media support for anti –corruption practices etc. 4. All these measure if taken seriously can prove very helpful in combating corruption. The only essence of thing is that every person should initiate on his/ her level. It happens; society can easily vanish corruption and strengthen the governance system. Conclusion: Corruption now a day is difficult to specify as all levels, all societies contain corruption. But, according to institutions lie World Bank and transparency international, corruption gets a definition as misuse of power by public officials for their private gain. Although corruption effects whole of the society, but it has a more adverse effect on children & women. First, they lake resources, so they are asked for bribes they are unable to produce it. And they in turn get exploitation of their rights by authorities. Democracy at some level check on corruption but not completely, sometimes it proves totally fail in combating corruption. Anti- corruption practices should be supported by making or establishing a good governance system.. Rule of law should be established. Public Awareness should be considered most effective in combating corruption until people are educated for their rights, corruption can't be prevented.
- 6. SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ SUMIT GOKLANEY (213-218) MAY-JUNE, 2015, VOL. 3/18 www.srjis.com Page 218 Reference World bank & Transparency international for data compelled in 2008 Endowment enjement. Fink A, 1995, the survey kit thousands oaks, Cali/:Sege publication Kligaord, R(1980). Controlling corruption. Berkeling CA : University of California press. Kotter, J. 1996 leading change, Boston :- Harvard Business school press. Pope, Jeremy, 1996. The TI source book Pope, Jeremy (ed) 1997. National integrity systems : The TI source book ( second edition) EDI World Bank 1997 b. world Development Report 1997, Washington DC : World Bank http://www.Transparency.Org. http://report.Globalintegrity.org World Bank, 1993, 1993 research international report, EDI Washington DC: world Bank CIET international 1995, Performance and perceptions of health and agricultural services in Uganda