The document discusses different types of iteration statements in C programming:
1. While loops repeat a block of code as long as a test condition is true.
2. Do-while loops are similar but check the condition at the end of the loop, so the body is always executed at least once.
3. For loops allow initialization of a counter variable, a test condition, and an increment/decrement expression to control the number of iterations.
4. The document also briefly mentions jump statements like continue, break, goto, and return which can alter normal program flow in loops.