463368652-Claims-of-Fact-Policy-and-Value-pptx.pptx
- 1. Claims of Fact, Policy, and Value
- 2. •In this lesson, you will learn how to formulate certain claims to support your arguments.
- 3. •How do you defend your argument? What are some of the techniques that you use to defend your argument?
- 4. • In writing, you usually include arguments to support your claims. However, these arguments must be strongly written to make a credible composition. Credibility is important, and strong ideas must be expressed to deliver the actual meaning of the composition to the readers.
- 5. • Certain claims are expressed as thesis statements; these statements refer to the main ideas of the paper. This will guide the readers to the primary purpose of the composition.
- 6. Claims of Fact •Claims of Fact tells us that certain arguments are non-negotiable and are products of one's inferences.
- 7. Non-negotiable claims mean that certain arguments are existing or readily available even before one formulates his or her own claims.
- 8. Inference claims suggest probability; that means one's inference of a certain claim can be the same or different with others.
- 9. Inference • is a product of one's interpretation based on identified evidence or set of evidence.
- 10. The most important thing to consider in writing claims of fact is to avoid prejudices and write based on a critical, well- examined argument such as a result of a previously conducted research or numerical data to quantify specific claims.
- 11. Example "According to scientific research, watching too much TV equates to having low vision that impedes a person from performing daily activities."
- 12. Explanation • There is an evidence to prove this claim which is the scientific research, therefore, this is a good example of "claim of fact".
- 13. Claims of Policy Claims of policy use the 'Rogerian' approach in formulating claims. It means that in making claims of policy one has to consider the perspective of another person and avoid adversarial relationship.In this approach, you will also include the pros and cons of the identified solution. By using certain words like "must" and "should" in formulating claims of policy one includes asserting that a certain solution must be instituted.
- 14. Example: •"Cigarettes must b e banned because they cause lung cancer."
- 15. Explanation: •The argument is stating that cigarettes can cause certain diseases, therefore, it should be prohibited.
- 16. Claims of Value • Claims of value use moral and ethical grounds. If one is formulating claims of value, one is trying to prove that a certain claim or belief is right or wrong.
- 17. Example •"Euthanasia, or the act of mercy killing, should be avoided."
- 18. Explanation • This argument appeal to the human moral of right and wrong, it states that no matter how painless the mercy killing might appear to be, it is still immoral to do.
- 19. Key Points • Claims of Fact, Policy, and Value • In writing, one usually includes arguments to support his or her claims. – Certain claims are expressed as thesis statements; these statements refer to the main ideas of the paper. • Claims of Fact • Claims of Fact usually tell us that certain arguments are non-negotiable and are products of one's inferences. • Non-negotiable claims mean that certain arguments are existing or readily available even before one formulates his or her own claims. • Inference claims suggest probability; that means one's inference of a certain claim can be the same or different with others. • Claims of Policy • Claims of policy mean that in making claims of policy one has to consider the perspective of other person and avoid adversarial relationship. • Claims of Value • Claims of value use moral and ethical grounds.