6th lecture
- 2. Yes/No Question • Yes or no questions are questions whose expected answer is either "yes" or "no". • The rules If the main verb of the sentence is "to be", simply invert the subject and the verb to be: E.g They are American. — Are they American? They are nice. — Are they nice?
- 3. If the sentence includes a main verb and another or other helping (auxiliary) verb(s), invert the subject and the (first) helping (auxiliary) verb. Examples: They are visiting Paris. — Are they visiting Paris? She has done the housework. — Has she done the housework Nancy has been working all night long. — Has Nancy been working all night long? He will be reading the book. — Will he be reading the book?
- 4. If the sentence includes a verb which is not the verb "to be" and doesn't include a helping (auxiliary) verb, the transformation is more complex. If the verb is in the present tense, add either do or does and put the main verb in its base form: do if the subject is the first person singular, second person singular, first person plural, second person plural and third person plural (I, you, we, they) does if the subject is the third person singular (he, she, it).
- 5. Examples: I like apples. — Do you like apples? They go to a high school. — Do the go to a high school? Nancy reads a lot. — Does Nancy read a lot? He hates basketball. — Does he hate basketball?
- 6. If the verb is in the past tense, add did and put the main verb in its base form Examples: He discovered the truth. — Did he discover the truth? She wrote a nice essay. — Did she write a nice essay? They did the homework. — Did they do the homework?
- 7. WH Question Question words Meaning Examples who person Who's that? That's Nancy. where place Where do you live? In Boston why reason Why do you sleep early? Because I've got to get up early when time When do you go to work? At 7:00 how manner How do you go? By car what object, idea or action What do you do? I am an engineer which choice Which one do you prefer? The red one. whose possession Whose is this book? It's Alan's. whom object of the verb Whom did you meet? I met the manager.
- 8. what kind description What kind of music do you like? I like quiet songs what time time What time did you come home? how many quantity (countable) How many students are there? There are twenty. how much amount, price (uncountable) how long duration, length How much time have we got? Ten minutes How long did you stay in that hotel? For two weeks. how often frequency How often do you go to the gym? Twice a week. how far distance How far is your school? It's one mile far. how old age How old are you? I'm 16. how come reason How come I didn't see at the party?
- 9. • If you ask about the subject of the sentence, simply add the question word at the beginning: Example: James writes good poems. — Who writes good pems? • If you ask about the predicate of the sentence (the part of a sentence which contains the verb and gives information about the subject), there are three options:
- 10. If there is a helping (auxilary) verb that precedes the main verb ( foe example, can, is, are, was, were, will, would...), add the question word and invert the subject and the helping (auxilary) verb. Examples: They are leaving tonight. — When are they leaving?
- 11. If you ask about the predicate and there is no helping (auxilary) verb and the verb is "to be", simply add the question verb and invert the subject and the verb. Example: The play was interesting. — How was the play?
- 12. If there is no helping (auxilary) verb in the the predicate and the main verb is not "to be", add the auxilary "do" in the appropriate form. Examples: They go to the movies every Saturday. — Where do they go to the movies? He wakes up early. — When does he wake up?
- 13. SOCIALIZA TION
- 14. Making contact • • • • • Mind if I join you? Excuse me, you must be … Excuse me, have we met? I really enjoyed your talk this morning. Are you giving a talk?
- 15. Keeping the conversation going • • • • • Do you often travel to Scandinavia? Have you been here before? Is this your first visit to Denmark? How long are you going to stay? What do you do, by the way?
- 16. • • • • • What line of business are you in? How are you enjoying the conference? Do you know many people here? Can I get you a drink? Would you like me to get you anything from the buffet? • So, where are you staying?
- 17. Getting away • If you’ll excuse me, I have to make a phone call. • If you’ll excuse me, I must just go and say hello to someone. • Would you excuse me a moment? I’ll be right back.