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Andrews Deterioration Processesand Mitigationc
- 1. Sealed Packages for Paper-based Objects Mitigating the effects of environmental agents of deterioration during exhibition Kimberly Andrews [email_address]
- 2. Effects of light Incandescent Light Fluorescent Light Sun Light
- 3. Effects of Relative Humidity (RH) and Temperature Moisture Heat Uncontrolled temperature and RH
- 4. Effects of Environmental Pollutants Exterior Engine Exhaust Interior Volatile Organic Chemical Offgassing Interior Cleaning Chemicals
- 5. Effects of Pests and Mold Book Louse Silverfish Firebrat Mold spores
- 6. When to Use a Framed Sealed Package for a Paper-based Object In any exhibition area with poorly controlled environmental conditions When a paper-based object is being loaned to another institution for exhibit When a paper-based object is being shipped to another location
- 7. Features and Benefits of a Sealed Package Protects against UV light damage Mitigates against changes in humidity Protects from environmental pollutants Prevents insect and mold infestation Continues to condition sealed micro-climate to preserve object A sealed package is an air tight, water-proof envelope around a matted, glazed object, creating a self-enclosed microclimate.
- 8. Components of a Framed Sealed Package Frame Glazing Window Mat Object on Paper Backboard Backing Board Marvelseal Brad or Offset Clip Gummed Frame Tape
- 9. Matboards and Zeolites 100% cotton fiber paper Alkaline buffer to pH 8.5 4 ply for backboards, 8 ply for window mats Proprietary SPZ zeolite molecular trap Magnification reveals the larger cubic crystals (buffers) and the smaller zeolite molecular traps that adsorb oxidizing agents and offgassing within the sealed package. Matboard Specifications
- 10. Function of a Window Mat or Spacer Holds the glazing away from the surface of the object (prevent object’s touching the glass or acrylic) Helps to secure the object with light pressure on its edges (assist the hinges or edge supports to restrain the object) In a sealed package, acts as an additional buffering agent and continues to maintain micro environment with ideal humidity conditioning and off-gas adsorption (Bainbridge Artcare with zeolites)
- 11. Backboard Backing Board The object is attached to a 4 ply or 8ply archival backboard An object is never attached to the window mat. Gummed linen tape is used to hinge the window mat to the backboard so the window mat is attached on the long edge like a book or from the top. Backboard provides an archival surface to support the entire object. A rigid backing board should provide another layer of protection behind the backboard. Alkaline buffered corrugated board (blue board) single or double wall or acid-free foam board are recommended
- 12. Mounting T-hinge Mounting corners Edge Strips V-hinge Attach hinge with wheat starch paste to object Japanese paper hinge Japanese paper strap attaching hinge to back board 100% rag window mat Window mat and backboard attached with gummed linen tape Object on paper Japanese paper hinge attached with wheat starch paste 100% rag back board
- 13. Glazing Glass Can break and damage art Easy care, scratch resistant Heavy Color distortion with extra coatings Acrylic Shatter-proof Needs special cleaner and soft cloth Light weight Truer color
- 14. Sealed Package and Marvelseal Laminate Marvelseal Laminate Composed of laminated nylon, aluminum, polyethylene Vapor barrier Bonds to self with heat Bonds to acrylic or glass glazing with adhesive Creates air-tight seal
- 15. Techniques for Constructing a Sealed Package Preparing to Bond Marvelseal to Glazing Less than 1/8” 3M #415 neutral, double stick adhesive tape is attached by hand to the face and over the edge of the glazing
- 16. Bonding Marvelseal to Glazing in a Sealed Package Marvelseal is pulled taut over the adhesive Marvelseal is burnished flat with a bone folder A heated tacking iron creates air-tight bond
- 17. Trimming a Sealed Package Corners are trimmed, folded and heat-bonded with tacking iron
- 18. Finishing the Sealed Package Marvelseal is trimmed to 1/8” on face of glazing Edges are covered with clear Permacel/J-Lar tape to protect against puncture Frame covers the Marvelseal edge under the rabbet Fit into wooden or metal frame as usual
- 19. Care and Handling of a Framed Sealed Package Label the back of the sealed package so the next handler does not unwittingly cut into the Marvelseal or break the envelope Keep object vertical or flat on its back Clean glazing appropriately Glass – spray non-ammonia glass cleaner onto soft cloth and wipe Acrylic – spray non-ammonia glass cleaner onto 100% cotton or spun fiber cloth wipe
- 20. Summary of Protection Provided by Framed Sealed Packages for Paper-based Objects during Exhibition Mold X Pests X Environmental Pollutants X Temperature X Relative Humidity Changes X Light X Environmental Agent Excludes Mitigates
Editor's Notes
- #2: Paper, an organic material often used as a support for documents, works of art and photographs, is subject to degradation and damage from many environmental sources. Even good quality papers can deteriorate due to external factors such as light, high temperatures, rapid humidity changes, air pollution, mold and insects. In addition, paper can be affected by the migration of harmful components from unstable materials with which it is in prolonged contact - wood, tapes, cardboard, and poor quality mat boards. Proper matting and framing in combination with appropriate environmental conditions do much to prevent damage to paper-based objects. For exhibition, the frame and mat have a dual purpose: first, to house and protect the object, and second, to aesthetically enhance it. The most protective type of housing for paper-based objects is a framed sealed package, which is an air tight, water-proof envelope around a matted, glazed object, creating a self-enclosed microclimate. A sealed package of this kind mitigates or eliminates the effects of environmental agents of deterioration during exhibition. It captures some controlled environmental conditions in an air-tight “case” and preserves a paper-based object in this ideal environment over time, as well as protecting against other ambient conditions.