A CONTEMPRARY REVIEW OF DESIGN METHODS OF COLUMN ,CHALLENGES AND EMERGING OPPORTUNIIES.ppt
- 1. PhD SEMINAR III PRESENTATION on A CONTEMPRARY REVIEW ON REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN DESIGN METHODS, CHALLENGES AND EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES. BY ENGR. DAMINI, RIGHTEOUS GILBERT PGS/023-A/PhD/FT/109 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING OPTION) Supervisor: Engr. Prof. Solomon. T. Orumu. 5th May 2025 Co-supervisor: Dr. John .A TrustGod
- 2. INTRODUCTION Column as critical components Catastrophic Collapse of Buildings in Nigeria Acun & Sucuoglu, (2010) Adebayo ( 2000) Olagunji et al., (2013) Plate 1. Collapse Structures
- 3. Topics for Today Column is guide by Design Codes (Axial load capacity) BS 8110 (1997) Eurocode 2 (2004) ACI 318 (2019) IS 456:2000 INTRODUCTION CONT’D Figure 1. Column Design Analysis
- 4. The inability of existing design codes ACI 318 (2019); BS 8110 (1999) and Eurocode 2 (2004), to address local material variability and construction practices contributes to overdesign or under design of RC columns (Hamma- Adama & Kouider, 2017; Smith & Brown, 2019). PROBLEM STATEMENT plate 2. material variability
- 5. The aim of this study is to review and compare the predictive capabilities of various international design codes for reinforced concrete columns. AIM AND OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES ii. To review the strengths, limitations, and challenges of the existing design codes in predicting the performance of RC columns under various loading conditions; iii. To provide recommendations for improving the integration of design codes with modern innovations, ensuring enhanced safety, efficiency, and sustainability. i. To review the strengths, limitations, and challenges of the existing design codes in predicting the performance of RC columns under axial loading AIM
- 6. SCOPE OF STUDY Review of international codes ACI 318, BS 8110, Eurocode 2, IS 456, AS 3600, CSA (A23.3) Empirical studies Emerging methods and opportunity Comparing with my PhD experimental Results
- 7. CONTEMPRARY REVIEWS Table 1:Design ultimate axial load with varying country codes and standards
- 8. RC CONCRETE DESIGN DETAILING Figure 3: Axially loaded column formula Figure 3 : Continues Table 2: Material properties
- 9. CONTEMPRARY REVIEW Table 3. Summary of Some Design codes
- 10. CONTEMPRARY REVIEW Table 4. Summary of Literatures S/N NAME OF AUTHOR (S) / YEAR RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 1 Mane & Patil (2024) Analyzed high-strength concrete columns subjected to combined compression and biaxial bending forces. The study involved 56 pinned columns with rectangular cross- sections and varying lengths (1 to 3 meters)with concrete strength 103 MPa. The performance of high-strength concrete columns under combined forces is influenced by factors like eccentricity, skew angle, and slenderness. 2 Liew (2009) Reviewed the design steps for reinforced concrete columns using BS8110 and Eurocode 2 (EC2) in Malaysia. The study compared the steel reinforcement areas in columns designed according to both codes. The results showed that EC2 was more technical but offered more
- 11. CONTEMPRARY REVIEW Table 4. Summary of Literatures contns… S/N NAME OF AUTHOR (S) / YEAR RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 4 Eom et al., (2018) Conducted tests on 19 reinforced concrete columns subjected to continuous axial loading. Reinforcement details included longitudinal bars and tie hoops with specified diameters and intervals. Concrete strength was 47.3 MPa. It suggests that the reinforcement configuration and concrete strength significantly influence the behavior of such columns 5 Sumie et al.,(2011) The study found that increasing the L/D ratio decreased compressive strength ratios, with shorter cores yielding more reliable results. An anomaly was observed at L/D 1.50, but overall, correction factors from JIS A 1107 and ASTM C42 remain applicable. Esmaeily & Xiao Studied the influence of reinforcement ratios on the
- 12. EMPIRICAL REVIEW Table 4. Summary of Some Reviewed Literature Cont. S/N NAME OF AUTHOR (S) / YEAR RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 7 Marawan et al., (2020) The study on short rectangular columns cast with hybrid concrete, The results indicated a significant increase in ultimate capacity for the hybrid columns, with a 179% increase compared to conventional concrete, and a 203% increase for reactive powder concrete alone. 8 Chang et al., (2011) The study found that insufficient lateral confinement led to early concrete crushing, while high-strength steel reinforcement (with yield strengths of 913 MPa and 806 MPa) ensured ductile flexural behavior. Comparisons with nonlinear analyses and design codes. 9 Lee & Kim (2016) Investigated the performance of circular and
- 13. EMERGING METHODS Finite Element Modeling (FEM) Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Performance-Based Design (PBD) Hybrid Materials in Reinforced Concrete Columns Plate 5. HYBRID MATERIALS RC Plate 3. FEM Plate 4. FRP
- 14. EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES Smart Materials and Structural Health Monitoring. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Plate 8. AI and ML Plate 6. SMH Plate 7. 3D Print
- 15. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DESIGN CODES Table 5. Comparison of Design codes with Experimental Data’s
- 16. CONCLUSION i. The design of reinforced concrete columns involves a complex interaction of local conditions, material properties, and seismic risks, making the selection of the design code crucial for ensuring structural safety and efficiency. ii. The Indian Code tends to provide the most accurate load-carrying capacity predictions (4.26 - 8 %), closely aligning with real-world performance compared to other international codes such as ACI 318, Eurocode, and BS 8110. iii. Emerging technologies, sustainable materials, and advanced computational tools offer new opportunities to improve RC column design by enhancing resilience and reducing construction costs.
- 17. RECOMMENDATIONS Adopt a Global Approach: Integrate best practices from different international codes to create a more adaptable design method that balances local conditions with global advancements. Engineers should prioritize using Indian code for reinforced concrete column design, as it provides the most accurate load-carrying capacity predictions. This will help ensure that designs closely reflect real-world conditions and enhance structural reliability.
- 18. Compression
Editor's Notes
- #2: My thanks to Rick Fragaszy at NSF and my colleagues Dave Elton and Kati Bene. I would also like to acknowledge the support and help I have received from Professor Sepeshazy at Sechenyi Istvan Egyptem, the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at University of South Carolina, and the Fulbright Commission in Budapest.
- #3: I would like to tell you about the recent efforts in the U.S. to advance the state of knowledge of Soil Dynamics. Soil Dynamics is not a separate, fundable program, but is applied to other areas of research such as earthquake engineering, construction, or other endeavor.