A lecture slide of Molar Pregnancy.pptx for Students
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Molar pregnancy is a rare condition resulting from abnormal fertilization, leading to the formation of a non-viable tumor instead of a viable embryo. There are two types: complete molar pregnancy with no embryo and partial molar pregnancy that includes an abnormal embryo, both resulting in symptoms like vaginal bleeding and high hCG levels. Treatment involves surgical removal and monitoring, with a good prognosis for future pregnancies, though there is a slight risk of recurrence.
A lecture slide of Molar Pregnancy.pptx for Students
- 1. Molar Pregnancy Mr Yogendra Mehta Lecturer, HOD(Adult Health Nursing TU IOM BNC
- 2. Introduction ar pregnancy occurs when an egg and sperm incorrectly at fertilization and create a ncerous tumor. ar pregnancy will not be able to survive. It ns by chance and is rare. acenta doesn’t form normally in molar ancies. people receive treatment and go on to have y future pregnancies. mor looks like tiny water-filled sacs, similar to a r of grapes. umor can’t support a developing embryo and egnancy ends. people have a miscarriage. y is needed to remove the pregnancy.
- 3. Introduction people have a miscarriage. y is needed to remove the pregnancy. untreated, molar pregnancies can cause serious cations. pregnancies are a type of gestational oblastic disease. ional trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of ions that cause tumors to grow in uterus. pregnancies are also called hydatidiform
- 4. Types • Complete molar pregnancy - No embryo forms. It happens when a sperm fertilizes an empty egg. - Egg contains no chromosomes. - Embryo gets 23 chromosomes from the sperm. - Placental tissue grows but is abnormal and contains fluid-filled cysts (or tumors). - This tissue produces the pregnancy hormone HCG which is made by a healthy placenta during pregnancy. - This can make feel like pregnant and give a positive pregnancy test.
- 5. Contd….. • Partial molar pregnancy - Occurs when an abnormal placenta forms along with an embryo, and two sperm fertilize one egg. - Embryo having 69 chromosomes. - In these cases, the growing embryo has an extra set of chromosomes. - The embryo may start to develop but generally can’t survive.
- 6. Risk Factors • Younger than age 20. • Are over 40 yrs. • Have a history of molar pregnancies. • Have had two or more miscarriages. Less than 1% of all pregnancies — about 1 in 1,000 — are molar pregnancies.
- 7. Causes • Caused by genetic errors that occur during the fertilization of an egg by a sperm.
- 8. Clinical Features • Vaginal bleeding within the first three months of pregnancy. • Severe nausea and vomiting. • Grape-like cysts coming out of your vagina. • Preeclampsia (extremely high blood pressure). • Abnormally high HCG levels. • Abdominal swelling. • Anemia
- 9. Diagnostic Approach • Routine prenatal tests (usually in the first trimester). • Ultrasound of uterus often shows several fluid-filled sacs instead of a placenta. • Measure HCG levels in your blood: abnormally high level
- 10. Management Molar pregnancy must be removed from body. it can cause serious complications. - First line treatment: Dilation and Curettage (D&C) with suction to remove all abnormal tissue from your uterus. - Surgical approach: remove molar pregnancy, Hysterectomy - Oxytocin: help uterus to contract and expel the contents. - HCG Monitoring until levels return to normal.
- 11. Complications • Abnormal cells may grow into the muscle layer around your uterus (also called an invasive mole). • Choriocarcinoma • Infection of the blood (sepsis) • Uterine infection. • Preeclampsia (very high blood pressure). • Shock (very low blood pressure).
- 12. Prognosis • Most people who receive treatment for a molar pregnancy have no further complications. • Slightly higher risk of a second molar pregnancy. • It doesn’t cause infertility. • Avoid becoming pregnant for up to three months. This allows your HCG levels to return to prepregnancy levels.