A RESEARCH - DEVELOP AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM TO RECOGNIZE, SEPARATE AND COUNT INDIAN COIN FROM IMAGE USING MATLAB
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The document presents a research study on the development of an automated coin recognition system for Indian coins using MATLAB, emphasizing image processing techniques such as Hough transformation and character recognition. The proposed system aims to efficiently recognize, separate, and count Indian coins of denominations Rs. 1, 2, 5, and 10 from images captured from both sides. The study also compares various existing recognition systems, demonstrating their accuracy and outlining steps for improving recognition speed and accuracy.
![International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 607
delivered by R.Bremananth et al was 92.43%, Adnan Khashman system et al was 96.3%, Hussein R.Al-
Zoubi system et al was 97%, Shatrughan Modi et al was 97.74%, Deepika Mehta was 40% to 50%.
Sandeep Kaur et, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.no.3 Issue.9 of
September- 2014, pg. no.259-262 © 2014, IJCSMC All Rights Reserved 261 Suchika Malik, Parveen
Bajaj, Mukhwinder kaur are this paper presents reliable coin recognition system based on polar Fast
Fourier Transform system. There are basic need to automate the counting and sorting of the coins. For
this machines need to recognize the coins very fast and accurately as for further processing depends on
this recognition. However the currently available algorithm to focus basically on recognition of the
modern coins. In this paper they have developed ANN (Artificial Neural Network) based on automated
coin recognition system for the recognition of modern coins. Then, this extracted features are going to
passed as input to the trained neural network of 98.798% recognition rate has been achieved during the
experiments. Sonali A Mahajan, Chitra M.Gaikwad in his this paper is to detect denominations of Indian
coins. Counting all coins manually, collected in large amount such as the coins collected at Indian
temples is very difficult. The method proposed in this used reduction of technique that is the input image
is reduced by database image repeatedly by the rotating it with a fixed angle at every time.
Denomination of the coin is verified by comparing the coin from both sides. Thus, this method proposed
here is rotation invariance and also by using two way scanning and comparison of the coin, method
determine the denomination clearly even if the database is having different coins with the same radius.
Chandan singh, Amandeep kaur in his paper described polar harmonic transforms are orthogonal
rotation invariant transforms which provide many numerically stable features. The kernel functions of
the PHTs are consist of the sinusoidal functions that are inherently of computation intensive. They
develop a fast approaches for their computation using recursion and also 8-way symmetry
/antisymmetry property of the kernel functions.
III. PROPOSED COIN RECOGNI- TION SYSTEM
The following steps are taken in the proposed coin recognition system:
Step 1: Develop RGB code for loading database of coin image in MATLAB.
Step 2: Convert this RGB image to grayscale Image using MATLAB.
Step 3: Applied Image Thresholding on Gray Image in MATLAB.
Step 4: Find centroid, area and diameter of coin image using regionprops command in MATLAB.
Step 5: Crop the coin image automatically in MATLAB.
Step 6: Detection of the Edge of Image in MATLAB.
Step 7: Recognize the coin using character recognization.
3.1 Acquire RGB Coin Image
This is the first step of coin recognition system process. In this step the RGB coin image is
captured/acquired. Indian coins of denominations Rs.1, 2, 5 and 10 were scanned from the both sides at
300 dpi (dots per inch) using the color scanner as shown in below Fig. Five coins of each and every
denomination were scanned.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/algorithm-to-recognize-countsaperate-coin-from-image-using-matlab-150921080023-lva1-app6892/85/A-RESEARCH-DEVELOP-AN-EFFICIENT-ALGORITHM-TO-RECOGNIZE-SEPARATE-AND-COUNT-INDIAN-COIN-FROM-IMAGE-USING-MATLAB-2-320.jpg)
![International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 608
3.2 Convert RGB Coin Image to Grayscale
From the first step the image we got the 24-bit RGB coin image. Image processing of colored images
can takes more time than the grayscale images. So, for reduction the time required for processing of
images in further steps it is good to convert the 24-bit RGB image into the 8-bit Grayscale image. Below
fig. shows the grayscale converted image in given RGB image of the coin.
3.3 Applied Image Thresholding on Gray Image in MATLAB
From the second step, we get gray scale image of the coin. Now, I am going to use Image Thresholdin in
MATLAB.
By this Step, I got Threshold image of the gray image. This is shown below.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/algorithm-to-recognize-countsaperate-coin-from-image-using-matlab-150921080023-lva1-app6892/85/A-RESEARCH-DEVELOP-AN-EFFICIENT-ALGORITHM-TO-RECOGNIZE-SEPARATE-AND-COUNT-INDIAN-COIN-FROM-IMAGE-USING-MATLAB-3-320.jpg)
![International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 609
3.4 Find the centroid, area and diameter of coin image using regionprops command in MATLAB.
We got threshold image from the third step.Now,we use regionprops command for finding centroid,area
and diameter of given image using MATLAB. I got all properties of image by this. Which is shown
below.
ans =
Area: 1
Centroid: [351 91]
BoundingBox: [350.5000 90.5000 1 1]
SubarrayIdx: {[91] [351]}
MajorAxisLength: 1.1547
MinorAxisLength: 1.1547
Eccentricity: 0
Orientation: 0
ConvexHull: [5x2 double]
ConvexImage: 1
ConvexArea: 1
Image: 1
FilledImage: 1
FilledArea: 1
EulerNumber: 1
Extrema: [8x2 double]
EquivDiameter: 1.1284
Solidity: 1
Extent: 1
PixelIdxList: 181041
PixelList: [351 91]
Perimeter: 0
3.5 Crop the coin image automatically in MATLAB
From the above step four, we get area,diameter and centroid of coin in MATLAB. By this step 5, we
have cropped image of each and every coin of multiple coin in one image, means every coin from the
image are separated. By this step, image will crop automatically. And we got cropped image.
3.6 Detection of the Edge of Image in MATLAB.
After crop the image, the next step is edge detection. Canny edge detection is most important technique
for this. By the we got sharp edge of image. In this step, we have edge of numbers on coin.
3.7 Recognize the coin using character recognization.
After getting edge of coin image, we applied character recognition technique. By this we have detect
character on image. So we have numbers which can identify the coin.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
In This paper, presents various systems developed and existing techniques of coin recognition based on
image processing method. In this paper we basically provide of various methods of recognition of the
coins and get the best accuracy. It was shown that the described project contributes to the image based
coin recognition and classifications. We presented an overview of the work-packages and project](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/algorithm-to-recognize-countsaperate-coin-from-image-using-matlab-150921080023-lva1-app6892/85/A-RESEARCH-DEVELOP-AN-EFFICIENT-ALGORITHM-TO-RECOGNIZE-SEPARATE-AND-COUNT-INDIAN-COIN-FROM-IMAGE-USING-MATLAB-4-320.jpg)
![International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER)
Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161
@IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 610
partners. Thereby, coins from more than 31 countries can be recognised and separated from it. Further
research will be carried out to improve the recognition result and also speed. And important thing is that,
the Recognition time is very less.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors want to thank the whole COINS project proposal team, since an overview on such a project
can only be given if techniques and ideas of many researchers involved are used.Specially, I want to
thank Mr. Y.J.Parmar (Assistant Professor), Prof. D.N.Khandhar (H.O.D. E.C.) and Dr. K.H.Wandra
(Principal) at C.U.Shah Engineering Collage, Kothariya, Surendranagar for them great support and point
path to me.
REFERENCES
1)Shatrughan Modi and Dr. Seema Bawa. “Automated Coin Recognition System using ANN”Dept. of Computer Science and
Engineering Thapar University Patiala-147004, India.
2)Suchika Malik, Parveen Bajaj, MukhwinderKaur “Sample Coin Recognition System using Artificial Neural Network on
Static Image Dataset” ECE &M.M U Sadopur Ambala India.
3)Maia Zaharieva, Martin Kampel and Sebastian Zambanini “Image based recognition of coins – An overview of the COINS
project” Vienna University of Technology Institute of Computer Aided Automation Pattern Recognition and Image
Processing Group Favoritenstr. 9/1832, A-1040Vienna,Austria{maia,kampel,zamba}@prip.tuwien.ac.at
4)Int. J. Open Problems Compt. Math., Vol. 2, No.2, June 2009 “Indian Coin Recognition System of Image Segmentation by
Heuristic Approach and Houch Transform (HT) by C.M.VELU1 and P.VIVEKANANDAN2, 1 HOD of CSE, SKR
Engineering College, Chennai–602103,India.2Director, Knowledge Data Centre, Anna University, Chennai – 600 025,India.
e-mail: cmvelu41@gmail.com, vivek@annaunive.edu
5)Valmik Gholap, Prof.V.S.Dhongde“A Reviewon Coin Recognition by Neural Network Using Image Subtraction” Dept. of
Electronics & Telecommunication, VACOE Ahmednagar,Ahmednagar,Maharashtra,India.6)Sandeep Kaur1, Mandeep Kaur2
“REVIEW ON THE COIN RECOGNITION
SYSTEM WITH ROTATION INVARIANT” 1M.Tech, Computer Science Department & Guru Kashi University,
India.2Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department & Guru Kashi University, India.1 sipputakkipur12@gmail.com ; 2
mandeepkaur.kaur49@gmail.com
7) Suchikamalik*,Parveen Bajaj**, MukhwinderKaur*** “Sample Coin Recognition System using Artificial Neural Network
on Static Image Dataset”.
*( Department of ECE, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala , Haryana)
** (Department of ECE, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala, Haryana)
*** (Department of ECE, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala, Haryana)
8) “A New Coin Recognition andSorting System” Michael N¨olle1, Harald Penz2, Michael Rubik2,Konrad Mayer2, Igor
Holl¨ander2, Reinhard Granec2ARC Seibersdorf research GmbH 1Video- and Safety Technology ,2High Performance Image
Processing A-2444 Seibersdorf. michael.noelle@arcs.ac.at
9)Martin Kampel– Maia Zaharieva “Optical Recognition of Modern and Roman Coins”.
10)Velu C M1, P.Vivekanadan2, Kashwan K R3 1 R.S “Indian Coin Recognition and Sum Counting System of Image Data
Mining Using Artificial Neural Networks”, Department of CSE, Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore – 641 047,
Tamil Nadu, India 2 Director, Knowledge Data Centre, Anna University, Chennai 3 Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering – PG Sona College of Technology (Autonomous), TPT Road, Salem-636005, INDIA
(Affiliated to Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/algorithm-to-recognize-countsaperate-coin-from-image-using-matlab-150921080023-lva1-app6892/85/A-RESEARCH-DEVELOP-AN-EFFICIENT-ALGORITHM-TO-RECOGNIZE-SEPARATE-AND-COUNT-INDIAN-COIN-FROM-IMAGE-USING-MATLAB-5-320.jpg)
A RESEARCH - DEVELOP AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM TO RECOGNIZE, SEPARATE AND COUNT INDIAN COIN FROM IMAGE USING MATLAB
- 1. Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF): 1.711 International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research www.ijmter.com @IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 606 e-ISSN : 2349-9745 p-ISSN : 2393-8161 A RESEARCH - DEVELOP AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM TO RECOGNIZE, SEPARATE AND COUNT INDIAN COIN FROM IMAGE USING MATLAB Rathod Prahaladsinh Kanubha1 , Y.J.Parmar2 1 Student of M.tech E.C. in C.U.Shah Engineering Collage,Kothariya,Surendranagar. 2 Assistnat Proffesor at C.U.Shah Engineering Collage,Kothariya,Surendranagar. Abstract - Coins are important part of our life. We use coins in a places like stores, banks, buses, trains etc. So it becomes a basic need that coins can be sorted, counted automatically. For this, there is necessary that the coins can be recognized automatically. Automated Coin Recognition System for the Indian Coins of Rs. 1, 2, 5 and 10 with the rotation invariance. We have taken images from the both sides of coin. So this system is capable to recognizing coins from both sides. Features are taken from the images using techniques as a Hough Transformation, Pattern Averaging etc. Keywords: Image Processing, Pattern Averaging, Character Recognition Hough Transform for circle detection, Automated Coin Recognition. I. INTRODUCTION Image Processing Based Coin Recognition System Classification: 1) Mechanical method based systems, 2)Electromagnetic method based systems and 3)Image processing based systems. 1.1 The mechanical method based systems use parameters like radius/diameter, thickness, weight and magnetism of the coin for differentiate between the given coins. But these parameters can not be used for differentiate between the different materials of the coins. It means if we provide two coins one original and other fake which have the same radius/diameter, thickness, weight and magnetism but with different materials of mechanical method based coin recognition system then it will treat both the given coins as original coin so these systems can be fooled easily by hackers. 1.2 Now, for the electromagnetic method based systems can differentiate between different materials because in these systems the coins are passed through an oscillating coil at a certain frequency range and different materials bring different changes in the amplitude and frequency. So these changes and the other parameters like radius/diameter, thickness, weight and magnetism can be used to differentiate between the coins. The electromagnetic method based system of coin recognition systems improve the accuracy of Recognition but still they can be fooled by some of game coins. 1.3 In the recent of years coin recognition systems based on images have also come into the picture. II. LITERATURE SURVEY Yamini Yadav ,Apoorvi Sood In his paper the aim for coin recognition system is to classify high volumes of coins with high accuracy within a short time gap. This paper presents the comparison between various types of coin recognition systems in terms of their accuracy which has been proposed by various researchers based on image processing, image recognition method. The accuracy rate
- 2. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161 @IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 607 delivered by R.Bremananth et al was 92.43%, Adnan Khashman system et al was 96.3%, Hussein R.Al- Zoubi system et al was 97%, Shatrughan Modi et al was 97.74%, Deepika Mehta was 40% to 50%. Sandeep Kaur et, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.no.3 Issue.9 of September- 2014, pg. no.259-262 © 2014, IJCSMC All Rights Reserved 261 Suchika Malik, Parveen Bajaj, Mukhwinder kaur are this paper presents reliable coin recognition system based on polar Fast Fourier Transform system. There are basic need to automate the counting and sorting of the coins. For this machines need to recognize the coins very fast and accurately as for further processing depends on this recognition. However the currently available algorithm to focus basically on recognition of the modern coins. In this paper they have developed ANN (Artificial Neural Network) based on automated coin recognition system for the recognition of modern coins. Then, this extracted features are going to passed as input to the trained neural network of 98.798% recognition rate has been achieved during the experiments. Sonali A Mahajan, Chitra M.Gaikwad in his this paper is to detect denominations of Indian coins. Counting all coins manually, collected in large amount such as the coins collected at Indian temples is very difficult. The method proposed in this used reduction of technique that is the input image is reduced by database image repeatedly by the rotating it with a fixed angle at every time. Denomination of the coin is verified by comparing the coin from both sides. Thus, this method proposed here is rotation invariance and also by using two way scanning and comparison of the coin, method determine the denomination clearly even if the database is having different coins with the same radius. Chandan singh, Amandeep kaur in his paper described polar harmonic transforms are orthogonal rotation invariant transforms which provide many numerically stable features. The kernel functions of the PHTs are consist of the sinusoidal functions that are inherently of computation intensive. They develop a fast approaches for their computation using recursion and also 8-way symmetry /antisymmetry property of the kernel functions. III. PROPOSED COIN RECOGNI- TION SYSTEM The following steps are taken in the proposed coin recognition system: Step 1: Develop RGB code for loading database of coin image in MATLAB. Step 2: Convert this RGB image to grayscale Image using MATLAB. Step 3: Applied Image Thresholding on Gray Image in MATLAB. Step 4: Find centroid, area and diameter of coin image using regionprops command in MATLAB. Step 5: Crop the coin image automatically in MATLAB. Step 6: Detection of the Edge of Image in MATLAB. Step 7: Recognize the coin using character recognization. 3.1 Acquire RGB Coin Image This is the first step of coin recognition system process. In this step the RGB coin image is captured/acquired. Indian coins of denominations Rs.1, 2, 5 and 10 were scanned from the both sides at 300 dpi (dots per inch) using the color scanner as shown in below Fig. Five coins of each and every denomination were scanned.
- 3. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161 @IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 608 3.2 Convert RGB Coin Image to Grayscale From the first step the image we got the 24-bit RGB coin image. Image processing of colored images can takes more time than the grayscale images. So, for reduction the time required for processing of images in further steps it is good to convert the 24-bit RGB image into the 8-bit Grayscale image. Below fig. shows the grayscale converted image in given RGB image of the coin. 3.3 Applied Image Thresholding on Gray Image in MATLAB From the second step, we get gray scale image of the coin. Now, I am going to use Image Thresholdin in MATLAB. By this Step, I got Threshold image of the gray image. This is shown below.
- 4. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161 @IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 609 3.4 Find the centroid, area and diameter of coin image using regionprops command in MATLAB. We got threshold image from the third step.Now,we use regionprops command for finding centroid,area and diameter of given image using MATLAB. I got all properties of image by this. Which is shown below. ans = Area: 1 Centroid: [351 91] BoundingBox: [350.5000 90.5000 1 1] SubarrayIdx: {[91] [351]} MajorAxisLength: 1.1547 MinorAxisLength: 1.1547 Eccentricity: 0 Orientation: 0 ConvexHull: [5x2 double] ConvexImage: 1 ConvexArea: 1 Image: 1 FilledImage: 1 FilledArea: 1 EulerNumber: 1 Extrema: [8x2 double] EquivDiameter: 1.1284 Solidity: 1 Extent: 1 PixelIdxList: 181041 PixelList: [351 91] Perimeter: 0 3.5 Crop the coin image automatically in MATLAB From the above step four, we get area,diameter and centroid of coin in MATLAB. By this step 5, we have cropped image of each and every coin of multiple coin in one image, means every coin from the image are separated. By this step, image will crop automatically. And we got cropped image. 3.6 Detection of the Edge of Image in MATLAB. After crop the image, the next step is edge detection. Canny edge detection is most important technique for this. By the we got sharp edge of image. In this step, we have edge of numbers on coin. 3.7 Recognize the coin using character recognization. After getting edge of coin image, we applied character recognition technique. By this we have detect character on image. So we have numbers which can identify the coin. IV. CONCLUSIONS In This paper, presents various systems developed and existing techniques of coin recognition based on image processing method. In this paper we basically provide of various methods of recognition of the coins and get the best accuracy. It was shown that the described project contributes to the image based coin recognition and classifications. We presented an overview of the work-packages and project
- 5. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 02, Issue 02, [February - 2015] e-ISSN: 2349-9745, p-ISSN: 2393-8161 @IJMTER-2014, All rights Reserved 610 partners. Thereby, coins from more than 31 countries can be recognised and separated from it. Further research will be carried out to improve the recognition result and also speed. And important thing is that, the Recognition time is very less. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors want to thank the whole COINS project proposal team, since an overview on such a project can only be given if techniques and ideas of many researchers involved are used.Specially, I want to thank Mr. Y.J.Parmar (Assistant Professor), Prof. D.N.Khandhar (H.O.D. E.C.) and Dr. K.H.Wandra (Principal) at C.U.Shah Engineering Collage, Kothariya, Surendranagar for them great support and point path to me. REFERENCES 1)Shatrughan Modi and Dr. Seema Bawa. “Automated Coin Recognition System using ANN”Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar University Patiala-147004, India. 2)Suchika Malik, Parveen Bajaj, MukhwinderKaur “Sample Coin Recognition System using Artificial Neural Network on Static Image Dataset” ECE &M.M U Sadopur Ambala India. 3)Maia Zaharieva, Martin Kampel and Sebastian Zambanini “Image based recognition of coins – An overview of the COINS project” Vienna University of Technology Institute of Computer Aided Automation Pattern Recognition and Image Processing Group Favoritenstr. 9/1832, A-1040Vienna,Austria{maia,kampel,zamba}@prip.tuwien.ac.at 4)Int. J. Open Problems Compt. Math., Vol. 2, No.2, June 2009 “Indian Coin Recognition System of Image Segmentation by Heuristic Approach and Houch Transform (HT) by C.M.VELU1 and P.VIVEKANANDAN2, 1 HOD of CSE, SKR Engineering College, Chennai–602103,India.2Director, Knowledge Data Centre, Anna University, Chennai – 600 025,India. e-mail: cmvelu41@gmail.com, vivek@annaunive.edu 5)Valmik Gholap, Prof.V.S.Dhongde“A Reviewon Coin Recognition by Neural Network Using Image Subtraction” Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication, VACOE Ahmednagar,Ahmednagar,Maharashtra,India.6)Sandeep Kaur1, Mandeep Kaur2 “REVIEW ON THE COIN RECOGNITION SYSTEM WITH ROTATION INVARIANT” 1M.Tech, Computer Science Department & Guru Kashi University, India.2Assistant Professor, Computer Science Department & Guru Kashi University, India.1 sipputakkipur12@gmail.com ; 2 mandeepkaur.kaur49@gmail.com 7) Suchikamalik*,Parveen Bajaj**, MukhwinderKaur*** “Sample Coin Recognition System using Artificial Neural Network on Static Image Dataset”. *( Department of ECE, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala , Haryana) ** (Department of ECE, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala, Haryana) *** (Department of ECE, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala, Haryana) 8) “A New Coin Recognition andSorting System” Michael N¨olle1, Harald Penz2, Michael Rubik2,Konrad Mayer2, Igor Holl¨ander2, Reinhard Granec2ARC Seibersdorf research GmbH 1Video- and Safety Technology ,2High Performance Image Processing A-2444 Seibersdorf. michael.noelle@arcs.ac.at 9)Martin Kampel– Maia Zaharieva “Optical Recognition of Modern and Roman Coins”. 10)Velu C M1, P.Vivekanadan2, Kashwan K R3 1 R.S “Indian Coin Recognition and Sum Counting System of Image Data Mining Using Artificial Neural Networks”, Department of CSE, Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore – 641 047, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Director, Knowledge Data Centre, Anna University, Chennai 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering – PG Sona College of Technology (Autonomous), TPT Road, Salem-636005, INDIA (Affiliated to Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore).