The document presents a tree-cluster-based data-gathering algorithm (tcbdga) for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with a mobile sink to address the hotspot problem, which affects network connectivity and lifetime. It introduces a novel weight-based tree construction method, utilizing rendezvous points and sub rendezvous points for efficient data collection. Simulation results demonstrate that tcbdga significantly balances network load, reduces energy consumption, and prolongs network lifetime compared to other algorithms.