Question Time


                1
Should we be personally convinced of the
validity of an apologetic argument to use it
with someone?




                                          ?
Is it worth specialising in a particular
worldview – researching it thoroughly to
develop good apologetics?




                                           ?
Principles of
apologetics
Truth

        1
correspond to reality
coherent
relevant
biblical
Grace

        2
gentleness
respect
openness
Witness

          3
move towards Christ
live and speak with integrity
leave people wanting more
make use of others
keep learning
trust the Holy Spirit to work
pray!
Has Christianity taken a number of its core
beliefs from first-century mithraism?




                                        ?
Who is Mithras?
Mithra = Persian god
Mithras = Roman god
heroic slayer of a sacred bull
‘born of a virgin’
born from a rock
born on 25 December
Jesus wasn’t born on
    25 December
Mithraic festivals in summer
Messianic figure
no evidence
twelve disciples
two companions
offered eternal life
only one reference
‘. . . and us, too, you saved by spilling the
eternal blood . . .’
                                         200 AD
miracles
which ones?
bread & wine sacrament
bread & wine were staples
who’s copying?
earliest evidence of Mithraism
          in ~AD 80
What about the Bible?




                        ?
Gospels – internal evidence
historical accuracy
unexpected details
honesty of the authors
issues raised
Gospels – external evidence
Jesus


    Died AD 30; 9 authors—most writing
independently; Gospels written before AD 70
Emperor Tiberius


              Died AD 37
1 author: Tacitus wrote around AD 110
Alexander the Great


             Died 323 BC
1 author: Arrian wrote around AD 130
Gospels – external evidence
Early Christian writers quoted
      from the Gospels
• Clement (AD 96) refers to Matthew, Mark & Luke

• Ignatius (AD 108) refers to all four gospels

• Polycarp (AD 110) refers to all four gospels

• Josephus (AD 90)

• Pliny (AD 98-117)

• Tacitus (AD 110)

• Suetonius (AD 120)
Evidence for the whole Bible
Jesus’s view of the
  Old Testament
The Bible’s claims for itself
Fulfilled prophecies
The Bible’s unity
Changed lives
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A6. Question Time