Accessibility and Digital Identity
- 1. intopia.digital creating an inclusive digital world Andrew Arch amja andrew@intopia.digital Senior Accessibility Consultant Accessibility and Digital Identity
- 2. What does your digital identity reveal? On the internet, no-one knows you’re a dog On the internet, no-one knows you have a disability
- 3. What is Accessibility … and why it matters
- 4. “The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by everyone regardless of disability is an essential aspect. “ Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the World Wide Web • The web is fundamentally designed to work for all people, whatever their hardware, software, language, location, or ability. • When the web meets this goal, it is accessible to people with a diverse range of hearing, movement, sight, and cognitive ability.
- 5. Image credit: Microsoft’s Inclusive Design Toolkit https://bit.ly/1NuHOsk Who benefits from accessibility? Everyone Anyone You
- 6. • Dyslexia • Memory impairment • Reading or learning difficulties • Attention or concentration • Mental health • Autism • ADHD • Seizures Examples Cognitive impairment and neurodiversity
- 7. Sources: Australian Network on Disability: Disability statistics; Australian Bureau of Statistics (various) https://bit.ly/2J8HMa6 & https://bit.ly/1HTe40v An estimated 2 million Australians have dyslexia 3 million Australians live with depression or anxiety11 million Australians will experience a mental health condition during their lifetime Over 4 million people in Australia have some form of disability 44% of Australian adults lack the literacy skills required for everyday life 51% of Australians aged 65 and over have a disability, compared to 13% aged under 65 27% of Australians were born overseas; 19% speak a language other than English at home 8% of males experience colour blindness
- 8. It’s also a legal and policy requirement • Disability Discrimination Act (1992) • World Wide Web Access: DDA Advisory Notes (2014) • UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (2006) • Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 endorsed for all levels of government (2008) • Digital Service Standard (2016) • Criteria 9 – make it accessible • Commonwealth Procurement Rules – and some states • AS EN 301 549 (2016)
- 9. Legal and Policy links • DDA and web notes • https://bit.ly/1u4325V and https://bit.ly/2vlcQzt • UN CRPD • https://bit.ly/1QUdQe4 • Digital Service Standard • https://www.dta.gov.au/standard/ • Commonwealth Procurement Rules / NSW Procurement • https://bit.ly/2nL0X3r / https://bit.ly/2kXTR8f • AS EN 301 549 • https://bit.ly/2oakTMZ
- 10. Tuesday reminders “Digital Identity should be available to all and do no harm Adam Cooper, Former Technical Architect, GDS UK “Digital Identity is an enabler … we can’t leave anyone behind Alan Bell, Dept Internal Affairs NZ “Technology – enables inclusive access Victoria Richardson, Chief Strategy Officer, Aust Payments Network “Public sector has to be inclusive and available to all – not just 80% Panel discussion
- 11. Impact of digital identity
- 12. Advantages of a Digital Identity People with disability may • have limited mobility • have difficulty with transportation • find the physical world cognitively challenging • have communications difficulties • experience memory difficulties with PINs and passwords
- 13. Biometric identification Improves the security of authentication, including • fingerprints • corneal patterns • facial recognition • voice print
- 14. But biometrics are not always usable … A range of physiological and medical factors can affect the usability and efficiency of biometrics • Visual impairments • Language impairments • Hearing impairments • Physical impairments • Ageing • Accidents • Hard labour
- 15. Choice is the key • Not everyone can manage digital • People should be able to manage their own identity data • People should be able to choose what attributes they reveal to whom • Some people will need a third party to act on their behalf
- 16. When does accessibility come into play? … right from the start
- 17. Source: https://bit.ly/2KAbm95 30x post product release 15x customer beta testing 10x integration testing 5x implementation 1x design Estimates of relative cost of re-work
- 18. • User research • Design • Mockups • Content • Development • Maintenance https://bit.ly/2Mp0Ras When to include people with disability
- 19. • Applying for a digital identity • Managing the data associated with that identity • Accessing services Services that utilise digital identity … must be accessible!
- 20. • Autistic • Blind • Low vision • Physical / motor • Deaf / hearing impaired • Dyslexia • Anxiety https://bit.ly/2caeHyl https://bit.ly/2N3VGwG Do’s and Don’ts
- 21. ‘Accessibility is just the beginning. It is usability that makes the difference.’ Patti Moore UX Australia keynote 2016 WCAG is necessary but not sufficient
- 22. intopia.digital creating an inclusive digital world A11y Camp – October www.a11ycamp.org.au IntopiaDigital amja andrew@intopia.digital Let’s continue the conversation
Editor's Notes
- #2: Intopia – largest and most experienced digital accessibility consultancy in AU Andrew – around 20 years in this field after starting to work with the web back in 1994
- #3: Dave Birch reminded us of the 1993 cartoon form the NY Times yesterday (I still have the sticker) Sometimes you may want to have your disability as an attribute of your identity, eg when booking theatre tickets, revealing you’re in a wheelchair should means you get an accessible location
- #5: The impact of disability is radically changed on the Web because the Web removes barriers to communication and interaction that many people face in the physical world. However, when websites, applications, technologies, or tools are badly designed, they can create barriers that exclude people from using the Web.
- #6: One group left out – who knows?
- #8: Australia is one of the most culturally diverse countries - 60% of Australia’s population growth in 2013 was from overseas migration https://www.and.org.au/pages/disability-statistics.html / http://www.abs.gov.au/
- #9: AS EN 301-549 Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT products and services Adopted directly from EU
- #11: Speakers also talked about providing choice for individuals Victoria also talked about a design-led approach – to me that has to be inclusive!
- #13: Bed or house bound Unable to drive / public transport challenging Autism spectrum with heightened sensitivity to everyday sounds Speech disabilities
- #14: http://universaldesign.ie/Technology-ICT/Irish-National-IT-Accessibility-Guidelines/Smart-Cards/Smart-Card-Guidelines/Authentication/
- #15: Blind people can have problems due to their natural difficulty to align their eyes with the camera; A similar case is that of people with pronounced nystagmus (tremor of the eyes) Speech and language disabilities include functional limitations in comprehension and expression, voice response rate, quality of voice and fluency, and stuttering, which may affect using voice recognition systems; Colds and laryngitis can have a temporary affect on the voice Speech may be affected due to loss of hearing resulting Conditions such as arthritis may affect usability (it may be difficult to position the finger and/or hand correctly); Skin conditions such as eczema may cause blistering on the fingertips; Any kind of surgery that significantly changes the structure of the face will require an individual to re-enrol; Cuts, bruises and swelling can have a temporary affect on face or hand images; Inability to use hand or finger based systems due to loss of limbs and or digits; Crutches may make it difficult to stand steadily; Drooping eyelids; Wheelchair users can face usability barriers due to the usual location of cameras and insufficient height variation possibilities; Changes in medical condition can be faster than normal ageing effects; Those with cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, motor neurone disease etc, may have little control of their muscle movement and may find it very difficult to hold their head or fingers still long enough for a facial, iris or fingerprint recognition device. Biometrics usually have higher failure rates with the very old. As people get older, ageing processes tend to degrade biometrics. People carrying out construction and manual work – people working with cement and chemicals may result in the wearing down of fingerprints
- #16: Reiterate what several people said yesterday
- #18: From a Deloitte study
- #21: Also a poster for anxiety
- #22: WCAG is necessary but not sufficient