Acesandkernels 110927145112-phpapp02

1. Recipes for SuccessCreating Thriving Children in the Classroom and the CommunityPresented by Joe NeigelNorth Everett CoalitionSeptember 27th, 2011

2. Our Goals TodayLearn about the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study and how early life trauma influences behavior and health outcomesConsider some additional factors that contribute to difficulty in the classroom, the community and at homeExamine how we can apply low and no-cost strategies to significantly influence a positive school culture, reduce classroom disruptions and protect our most valuable natural resource

3. Creating Our FuturesBefore we begin, let’s take two or three minutes to paint our futures…Warning: This is a time for idealism

4. What Did You Write?

5. Lifelong Costs of Trauma?

6. The Adverse Childhood Experiences StudyACES is the largest study ever completed that examines the health and social effects of traumatic childhood experiences throughout a person’s lifespan (more than 17,000 participants)Middle class, average age of 57

7. 80% white, 10% black, 10% Asian

8. 74% some college

9. 44% graduated college

10. 49.5% menExamines three forms of abuse and household dysfunction

11. The Adverse ExperiencesChild physical abuse Child sexual abuseChild emotional abuseNeglectMentally ill, depressed or suicidal person in the homeDrug addicted or alcoholic family memberWitnessing domestic violence against the motherLoss of a parent to death or abandonment, including abandonment by divorceIncarceration of any family member

12. The ACE Score Calculator

13. Counting ACESThe ACE Score is the number of categories of adverse childhood experiences to which a person was exposed.The ACE Study found that the number of categories, not necessarily the frequency or severity of the experiences within a category, determine health outcomes across the population as a whole.

14. ACE Score FindingsACEs are very common (what remains uncommon is their recognition or acknowledgement)

15. They are well-concealed by time, shame, by secrecy and social taboo

16. ACEs are strong indicators of what happens later in life, in terms of health risks, diseases and premature deathACES are a cumulative measure of childhood stress“My greatest failure was in believing that the weight issue was just about weight. It’s not. It’s about not handling stress properly. It’s about sexual abuse. It’s about all the things that cause other people to become alcoholics and drug addicts.” — Oprah Winfrey

17. Graded RelationshipsThere is a strong “dose/response” relationship between a person’s ACE score and their number of resulting outcomes and health problems.Dose/Response is a measure of “cause and effect.”

18. ACE-Related Issues and Clusters

19. SmokingWe can see the cause and effect relationship ACEs create in people and in populations.

20. Adult AlcoholismWe can see the cause and effect relationship ACEs create in people and in populations.

21. Intravenous Drug UseWe can see the cause and effect relationship ACEs create in people and in populations.

22. Chronic DepressionWe can see the cause and effect relationship ACEs create in people and in populations.

23. Attempted SuicideWe can see the cause and effect relationship ACEs create in people and in populations.

24. ACEs lead to risk factors for the 10 most common causes of early death in the United States

25. Early Death in the USWith an ACE score of 0, the majority of adults have few, if any, risk factors for diseases leading to early death

26. With an ACE score of 4 or more, the majority of adults have multiple risk factors for these diseases, or the diseases themselves.

27. Prepare yourself for this – The things we identify as risk factors (obesity, illicit drug use, promiscuity) are, in fact, effective short-term devices – coping mechanisms – for the trauma experienced as a child

28. Reframing Our Point of ViewThis is an important idea. Framing this another way, many of the things termed public health problems are actually personal solutions.“What is conventionally viewed as a problem is actually a solution to an unrecognized prior adversity.” Dr. Vincent Felitti, co-principal investigator of ACE Study

29. What are the Implications?To put it simply, childhood experiences are the most powerful determinants of who we become as adults.Population Attributable RiskPAR = The difference in rate of a condition between an exposed population and an unexposed population.

30. In this case, it is a calculation used by the CDC to estimate the proportion of a health outcome that is attributable to ACE

31. Takes into account:

32. The increased risk due to each level of ACE

33. The prevalence of the number of ACE categoriesPopulation Attributable Risk21.7%78.3%Risk data from Felitti, et. Al: PAR analysis: RE Voorhees

34. Population Attributable Risk32.1%67.9%Risk data from Felitti, et. Al: PAR analysis: RE Voorhees

35. Population Attributable Risk3.2%96.8%Risk data from Felitti, et. Al: PAR analysis: RE Voorhees

36. Population Attributable Risk100%Risk data from Felitti, et. Al: PAR analysis: RE Voorhees

37. The ACE Pyramid“Personal Solution”

38. ACE Scores Snohomish County ATR, STH & WRAPS Programs

39. ACE Scores Snohomish County ATR, STH & WRAPS Programs

40. ACE Scores Snohomish County ATR, STH & WRAPS Programs# of ATR Clients by Drug of Choice and ACE Score

41. ACE Scores In Washington Classrooms

42. ACE Scores Impact Mortality

43. What Should We Do with This Information?Share what you’ve learned! Talk to peers, colleagues, policy makers and local leaders. If people are interested, let’s organize this training for them.

44. Use it to guide your work.

45. Consider implementing a combination of the strategies we’ll be talking about next.Before We Move On…Adversity is not our destiny.Every person can heal.

46. Contributing FactorsOur culture is killing our kids.

47. Mental HealthDepression, bipolar disorder, anxiety and suicidality are increasing in youth.

48. BehaviorADHD, conduct disorders and self mutilation (cutting behaviors) are increasing in youth.

49. Criminal JusticeYounger kids are committing more serious crimes.

50. DietObesity has become epidemic in youth.

51. Social SkillsBullying and aggression continue to grow.

52. AddictionSerious addictions are happening at younger ages.

54. It’s Not Just ACEs!Our youth are suffering from major developmental deficiencies unrecognized by the majority of our culture, including:

55. Essential brain nutrient deficiencies

56. Movement deficiencies

57. Reinforcement deficienciesBrain Nutrient DeficienciesBrain nutrient deficiencies lead to serious problems for youth, and the people who interact with them.They are specifically known to cause:

58. Omega-6 vs. Omega-3Many youth in the United States exhibit some form of Omega-3 deficiency.Omega-6(soybean, corn, cotton seed oil)Omega-3(fish and range-fed stock)

59. What Do Kids Eat Most of the Day?The alterations in brain chemistry that have resulted from our changing diet during the last 50 years contributes to trends of depression, bipolar disorder, autism, violence and academic problems.

60. Omega-6 Intake Influences Depression

61. Omega-6 Intake Influences Violence

63. Movement DeficienciesMovement deficiencies also lead to serious problems for youthThese deficiencies are specifically known to cause:

64. Movement DeficienciesSome national trends:82% of mothers do not let their children play outside because of fear of crime.

65. Many parents do not let their children roam with other children because of “stranger danger” fears.

66. Parks, playgrounds and sidewalks for children are not being built.

67. From 1981 to 1997, play time for young children declined from 15 hours to 11 hours.

68. 70% of US mothers played outside as children, but only 31% of their children do today.The Other Reason…

69. Costs of Television ViewingAmple research shows television viewing is directly linked to obesity, sexual promiscuity, teen pregnancy, violence, ADHD symptoms, decreased academic achievement and substance abuse.It leads to vicarious trauma exposure and can create PTSD symptoms in youth, which may include Having difficulty controlling emotions and reactions.Having trouble beginning and maintaining relationships and friendships.

70. Having low self-esteem.

71. Having problems keeping up in school.Reinforcement DeficienciesReinforcement deficiencies lead to serious problems for youth and societyThese deficiencies are specifically known to cause:

72. Social ReinforcersWhat are the social reinforcers in your classroom for this…

73. Social ReinforcersWhat are the social reinforcers in your classroom for this…

74. Common ReinforcementsAttention is a reward, and our culture tends to give big and frequent rewards for bad things done by teens and adults today.Every child has an “attention” gas tank. They need it filled in order to be whole people. Praise and positive attention are like premium gasoline: they make children run at their best.

75. Negative attention is like regular unleaded gasoline: it will do.Criticism and punishment reinforce negative behaviors, while praise and recognition reinforce positive behaviors. A child will behave in the manner that gets him the most attention!Think about how video games influence youth: young people spend hours in front of a screen for nothing more than electronic “atta boy” or a “you go girl.”

76. Pandemic?Syndemics are multiple-related afflictions, disorders and disruptions in American society that cause:Rises in delinquency, crime, car crashes, violent injuries, and white-collar crimes

77. Mental illness, child-maltreatment, domestic violence, sexually transmitted diseases, and addictions of all types

78. Higher health-care and social-security costs

79. Lower economic productivity and global competitiveness

80. Vulnerability to terrorism and social instabilityRethinking Our ApproachThese problems, evident in our homes, hallways and classrooms, seem big and messy.Many of us feel too overwhelmed, overworked and overburdened to put our energy into programs and curricula that take precious resources to implement.But we should remember that these big problems are really an aggregate of many smaller problems spread across a lot of people .What if we could use small solutions to make just as big of an impact?

81. KernelsA kernel is the smallest unit of scientifically proven behavioral influence.They are the “active ingredients” of evidence-based programs.A kernel is indivisible; that is, removing any part makes it inactive.Kernels produce quick easily measured change that can grow into much bigger change over time.They can be used alone OR combined with other kernels to create new programs, strategies or policies.Combinations of Kernels are considered “behavioral vaccines.”“Planted” Kernels create a culture.

82. Picking Your Kernels for PlantingThere are over 100 evidenced-based kernels you can plant for school and community-level change.

83. Turtle Breathing“Turtle Breathing” is a technique for helping children with controlling anger. Some elementary teachers use this technique in conjunction with the scripted story, “Tucker Turtle Takes Time to Tuck and Think.”This technique:Reduces anxietyReduces temper tantrumsIncreases resiliencyIncreases self-control

84. Turtle Breathing TechniqueModel remaining calmTeach the child the steps of how to control feelings and calm downStep 1: Recognize your feeling(s)Step 2: Think “stop”Step 3: Go inside your “shell” and take 3 deep breathsStep 4: Come out when calm and think of a “solution”Practice steps frequentlyPrepare for and help the child handle possible disappointment or changeRecognize and comment when the child stays calmInvolve families: teach the “Turtle Technique”

85. Adult to Youth NotesNotes from teachers to students recognizing them for a SPECIFIC action or behavior is demonstrated to help youth of all ages to:Do better at schoolBe more socially competentReduce ADHD, aggression and problem behaviorsIncreases behaviors you want to see more of

86. Adult to Youth Notes

87. Peer to Peer NotesNotes of praise written from one peer to another, then read aloud or posted to a classroom or hallway display is widely shown to:Improve school performanceImprove adult/child interactionsImprove organizational functioningIncreases behaviors you want to see more of

88. Peer to Peer Notes

89. Verbal PraiseWhen a person receives specific, spoken recognition for engagement in a target act or behavior, it is widely demonstrated to:Improve school performanceImprove adult/child interactionsImprove organizational functioningIncrease the frequency of the target behavior

90. Beat the TimerBeat the timer makes daily routines run smoother, reduces adult child conflict and reduces accidental attention to negative behavior. Research shows that this simple game: Increases complianceIncreases accuracy and completion of academics

91. Beat the TimerSteps:Announce Beat the TimerSay how long the timer will be set forSay what behaviors are to beat the timerAnnounce the timer is about to beginPraise positive behavior while timer is tickingCelebrate success and occasionally reward

92. Beat the Timer

93. Auditory/Visual Signal for TransitionsThe attention kernel works for students and adults. It results in immediate reduction in transition time, increased academic engagement, reduced disruptive behavior, reduced aggression and bullying, reduced trauma response in traumatized people.Cost: HarmonicaSteps:Blow the HarmonicaRaise hand in peace signPraise students who quickly train their eyes on youMake sure 95% of all students eyes on you BEFORE you give your next instruction Give transition instructionRecognize success and occasionally reward quick transitions

94. Auditory/Visual Signal for Transitions

95. Mystery MotivatorAlso known as the “Premack Principle,” Granny’s Wacky Prizes, Prize Bowl and the Game of Life. Results in a reduction in deviant behavior across the lifespan, reduces problem behavior at school, increases desirable behavior in all age groups and reduces addictionMotivates youth and adults to do their best and improveTaps into “intrinsic” motivationsFosters self-regulation instead of excitement

96. Mystery Motivator StepsParticipants selects prizes from a list that are appropriate to your situation, time of day, activities, etc.Randomly select when children win the game.Use the prizes for a very short time with a clear start and stopRotate and freshen prizesUse student ideas and behaviors

97. Brain on the BallSuitable for preschoolers through adultsSitting on therapy balls is shown to increase attention, improve academic achievement, reduces ADHD symptoms without medication and reduce disruptive behavior

98. Random CallingThis kernel is sometimes referred to as “Ritalin on a Stick” and is proven effective by research.Start by putting the names of all the students in the classroom on separate sticks. Every few minutes, the teacher picks a stick randomly to call on student to answer a question, to help, or to do something that maintains attention, generates motor behavior and creates a response. Typically, the stick is put back into the container so that might drawn again, randomly at any given time.Random calling results in:Equality in participation. Increased attention will be paid to the lesson Increased academic performanceDecreases in disruptive behavior

99. Pleasant Greeting w/ Physical TouchAlso known as “handshakes.”Frequent friendly physical and verbal greetings impact social status and perceptions of safety and harm.It also affects behavior streams of aggression, hostility or politeness. Greetings are also a key topositively influencing school and classroom culture.

100. Positive Note Home for InhibitionWhen an adult sends a positive note home with a student for inhibiting an otherwise disruptive behavior, good things happen, particularly when a reward at home occurs in response.This strategy is demonstrated to reduce disruptive and aggressive behavior, problems at home and increases engagement at school.

101. The Bottom LineMeaningful change in agency culture begins on the front lines.If you need it, I personally give you permission to do what’s in your heart.

102. Johnny…

Acesandkernels 110927145112-phpapp02

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked (8)

Similar to Acesandkernels 110927145112-phpapp02 (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Acesandkernels 110927145112-phpapp02

Editor's Notes