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                                                                               Seminar Nasional CAD 2013, UMM, Malang, Indonesia
                                                                                 Yudhi Ariadi, Loughborough Design School, UK
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Definition
   ASTM F2792 - 12a Standard Terminology for
   Additive Manufacturing Technologies:
   • additive manufacturing (AM), a process of joining
     materials to make objects from 3D model data, usually
     layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing
     methodologies. Synonyms: additive fabrication, additive
     processes, additive techniques, additive layer
     manufacturing, layer manufacturing, and freeform
     fabrication.
   • 3D printing, the fabrication of objects through the
     deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle, or
     another printer technology.
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Definition: manufacturing
   Online Etymology Dictionary:
   • 1560s, "something made by hand," from Middle French
     manufacture, from Medieval Latin *manufactura (source
     of Italian manifattura, Spanish manufactura), from Latin
     manu, ablative of manus "hand" + factura "a working,“

   Oxford Dictionaries:
   • make (something) on a large scale using machinery
   • make or produce (something abstract) in a merely
     mechanical way

   MASS PRODUCTION:
   produce large quantities of (a standardized article) by an
   automated mechanical process:
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding
    Mould development process
                                             please pay attention on how to get a
                                             product from design to manufacture in
                                             injection moulding process, then compare
                                             it to the AM / 3D Printing process.




http://precision.moulds.asia/Molds-Design/
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding
   Mould design                         please pay attention on how to get a
                                        product from design to manufacture in
                                        injection moulding process, then compare
                                        it to the AM / 3D Printing process.




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9py3eIPUUTo
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding
   Mould making                        please pay attention on how to get a
                                       product from design to manufacture in
                                       injection moulding process, then compare
                                       it to the AM / 3D Printing process.




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seZqq1qxW30
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding
   Manufacturing process               please pay attention on how to get a
                                       product from design to manufacture in
                                       injection moulding process, then compare
                                       it to the AM / 3D Printing process.




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUthHS3MTdA
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding
 Injection moulding products




           http://www.plastic-injectionmoulding.co.uk/injectionmoulding/Household-Parts.jpg
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Complex shape products                                                      http://www.3d-
                                                                            printers.com.a
                                                                                      u/wp-
                                                                             content/uploa
                                                                            ds/2010/08/qu
                                                                             in_night_rend
                                                                                      er.jpg




 http://www.textually.org/3DPrinting/2012/12/31/photo1032.jpeg



Can they be
manufactured
by injection
                                         http://www.stylebistro.com/Daily+Dish/a
moulding?                                rticles/hS5x__RWj7b/Wear+These+3D
                                         +Printed+Shoes
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Complex shape products
 Can they be manufactured by injection moulding?




  http://d3vd8b39huo1pd.cloudfront.net/static/uploads/content/feature/slide/image/Josh-Harker-Feature-JH-Slide-01.jpg
3D printed bikini
3D printed bikini
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
How it works?




Source: Rapid Manufacturing Master Class 2008 – Econolist Ltd
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
How it works?




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX6G-TluQHE
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
How it works?
      RepRap printers can print out just over half of the
       parts needed to build a new RepRap machine.
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 1
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 1
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 1
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 1
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 1
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 2
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: Case Study 2
Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing
Advantages: future development




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyOgDlUWfFE
What are suitable CADs for AM / 3D Printing?
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Support algorithm computational complexity geometry




     KX Design
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Support algorithm computational complexity geometry




       KX Design
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Support algorithm computational complexity geometry




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLd4-T-l2WM
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Support algorithm computational complexity geometry




 Loughborough Design School
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Easy to operate for general public (non-technical people)
 (Web-based CAD)




       https://tinkercad.com/things/aF35hrBVVkl-incredible-jofo-elzing/edit
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Easy to operate for general public (non-technical people)
 (Web-based CAD)




  http://www.3dtin.com/
CAD for AM / 3D Printing
Easy to operate for general public (non-technical people)
 (Web-based CAD)




  http://www.shapeways.com/creator/sake-set/
Trends, surrounding CAD
Product - Production
                                               Mass production
                                               - Variety at low cost
                                           4
                  Mass 3
              production

                           Production
                           Technology                Mass
                           Cycle                   5 customisation
           Fragmented2                               -Flexible
           production                                 manufacturing


                                     6    Rapid Manufacturing
                                          - Home industry
                               1          - made one-of-a-kind
                             Hand made/manual making
                             Craft customisation
                             - Home industry
                             - made one-of-a-kind product
Trends, surrounding CAD
Technology trend: Everything becomes easier




                               Text-based
                 typewriter                    Icon-based
                              Text
                              Generation


                                                        Handwriting
   handwriting                                          recogniser


                                 Voice recognition
Trends, surrounding CAD
Technology trend: Everything becomes easier




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qdv7hxQ8uFE
Trends, surrounding CAD
Technology trend: Everything becomes easier
 Sculpting

                      DAVID        GOLIATH




              David,                        Yudhi,
   sculpted from 1501 to 1504   manufactured from 13:10 to 16:10
                                     (1:10pm to 4:10pm ;)
Trends, surrounding CAD
Technology trend: Everything becomes easier
 Photography & photoprinting
            Old way            Current way
Trends, surrounding CAD
Haptic: touching the 3D models




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2gk5GT-kEo
Trends, surrounding CAD
Haptic: shaping the 3D models




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leWCb1WGw7M
Future CAD
Assumption
                                          4                              5

                                          2D drawing              3D
                                          by CAD                  modelling
                                                                  by CAD



                         3   2D drawing        Design                                  6
                             on table                                         Haptic
                                               Technology                      Aided
                                                                              Design
                                               Cycle                                       Haptic Virtual Rake
                                                                                           Virtual Sculpting


                                                 Modernman makes
         Design sketch   2                    virtual product directly
                                                        from his mind
                                              No sketch, no drawing 7

                                                                                Virtual Reality aided Design


                                                1
                                               Cavemen makes
                                               product directly
             The Flying Machine-
                                               from his mind.
             Leonardo Da Vinci
                                               No sketch, no
                                               drawing
Future CAD
Prediction

    Production stage – from consumers to end use products

                     STYLISH            DESIGN                 MANU-
     CONSUMERS       DESIGNING                             FACTURING         PRODUCT
                     or MODELLING       ENGINEERING



    CACODE           CAID              CAD/CAE          CAD/CAM
   Computer aided  Computer aided      Computer aided   Computer aided
   Consumer Design Industrial Design   Engineering      Manufacturing

   Consumers’ tool   Designers’ tool   Engineers’ tool Manufacturers’ tool
  Computer aided development step – from industries to customers
Future CAD?
Prediction
Terima kasih

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Additive Manufacturing / 3D Printing and CAD

  • 1. http://fc02.deviantart.net/fs45/f/2009/081/4/7/wayang_kulit_by_KFT_Andri.jpg Seminar Nasional CAD 2013, UMM, Malang, Indonesia Yudhi Ariadi, Loughborough Design School, UK
  • 2. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Definition ASTM F2792 - 12a Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies: • additive manufacturing (AM), a process of joining materials to make objects from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies. Synonyms: additive fabrication, additive processes, additive techniques, additive layer manufacturing, layer manufacturing, and freeform fabrication. • 3D printing, the fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material using a print head, nozzle, or another printer technology.
  • 3. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Definition: manufacturing Online Etymology Dictionary: • 1560s, "something made by hand," from Middle French manufacture, from Medieval Latin *manufactura (source of Italian manifattura, Spanish manufactura), from Latin manu, ablative of manus "hand" + factura "a working,“ Oxford Dictionaries: • make (something) on a large scale using machinery • make or produce (something abstract) in a merely mechanical way MASS PRODUCTION: produce large quantities of (a standardized article) by an automated mechanical process:
  • 4. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding Mould development process please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process. http://precision.moulds.asia/Molds-Design/
  • 5. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding Mould design please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9py3eIPUUTo
  • 6. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding Mould making please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seZqq1qxW30
  • 7. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding Manufacturing process please pay attention on how to get a product from design to manufacture in injection moulding process, then compare it to the AM / 3D Printing process. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUthHS3MTdA
  • 8. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Manufacturing, e.g.: injection moulding Injection moulding products http://www.plastic-injectionmoulding.co.uk/injectionmoulding/Household-Parts.jpg
  • 9. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Complex shape products http://www.3d- printers.com.a u/wp- content/uploa ds/2010/08/qu in_night_rend er.jpg http://www.textually.org/3DPrinting/2012/12/31/photo1032.jpeg Can they be manufactured by injection http://www.stylebistro.com/Daily+Dish/a moulding? rticles/hS5x__RWj7b/Wear+These+3D +Printed+Shoes
  • 10. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Complex shape products Can they be manufactured by injection moulding? http://d3vd8b39huo1pd.cloudfront.net/static/uploads/content/feature/slide/image/Josh-Harker-Feature-JH-Slide-01.jpg
  • 13. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing How it works? Source: Rapid Manufacturing Master Class 2008 – Econolist Ltd
  • 14. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing How it works? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX6G-TluQHE
  • 15. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing How it works? RepRap printers can print out just over half of the parts needed to build a new RepRap machine.
  • 16. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 1
  • 17. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 1
  • 18. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 1
  • 19. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 1
  • 20. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 1
  • 21. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 2
  • 22. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: Case Study 2
  • 23. Additive Manufacturing (AM) / 3D Printing Advantages: future development http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyOgDlUWfFE
  • 24. What are suitable CADs for AM / 3D Printing?
  • 25. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Support algorithm computational complexity geometry KX Design
  • 26. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Support algorithm computational complexity geometry KX Design
  • 27. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Support algorithm computational complexity geometry http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLd4-T-l2WM
  • 28. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Support algorithm computational complexity geometry Loughborough Design School
  • 29. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Easy to operate for general public (non-technical people) (Web-based CAD) https://tinkercad.com/things/aF35hrBVVkl-incredible-jofo-elzing/edit
  • 30. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Easy to operate for general public (non-technical people) (Web-based CAD) http://www.3dtin.com/
  • 31. CAD for AM / 3D Printing Easy to operate for general public (non-technical people) (Web-based CAD) http://www.shapeways.com/creator/sake-set/
  • 32. Trends, surrounding CAD Product - Production Mass production - Variety at low cost 4 Mass 3 production Production Technology Mass Cycle 5 customisation Fragmented2 -Flexible production manufacturing 6 Rapid Manufacturing - Home industry 1 - made one-of-a-kind Hand made/manual making Craft customisation - Home industry - made one-of-a-kind product
  • 33. Trends, surrounding CAD Technology trend: Everything becomes easier Text-based typewriter Icon-based Text Generation Handwriting handwriting recogniser Voice recognition
  • 34. Trends, surrounding CAD Technology trend: Everything becomes easier http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qdv7hxQ8uFE
  • 35. Trends, surrounding CAD Technology trend: Everything becomes easier Sculpting DAVID GOLIATH David, Yudhi, sculpted from 1501 to 1504 manufactured from 13:10 to 16:10 (1:10pm to 4:10pm ;)
  • 36. Trends, surrounding CAD Technology trend: Everything becomes easier Photography & photoprinting Old way Current way
  • 37. Trends, surrounding CAD Haptic: touching the 3D models http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2gk5GT-kEo
  • 38. Trends, surrounding CAD Haptic: shaping the 3D models http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leWCb1WGw7M
  • 39. Future CAD Assumption 4 5 2D drawing 3D by CAD modelling by CAD 3 2D drawing Design 6 on table Haptic Technology Aided Design Cycle Haptic Virtual Rake Virtual Sculpting Modernman makes Design sketch 2 virtual product directly from his mind No sketch, no drawing 7 Virtual Reality aided Design 1 Cavemen makes product directly The Flying Machine- from his mind. Leonardo Da Vinci No sketch, no drawing
  • 40. Future CAD Prediction Production stage – from consumers to end use products STYLISH DESIGN MANU- CONSUMERS DESIGNING FACTURING PRODUCT or MODELLING ENGINEERING CACODE CAID CAD/CAE CAD/CAM Computer aided Computer aided Computer aided Computer aided Consumer Design Industrial Design Engineering Manufacturing Consumers’ tool Designers’ tool Engineers’ tool Manufacturers’ tool Computer aided development step – from industries to customers