The document discusses several early animation tools from the 19th century including the zoetrope, thaumatrope, phenakistoscope, praxinoscope, and magic lantern. The zoetrope used a spinning drum with drawings to create the illusion of motion. The thaumatrope used two pictures on opposite sides of a card attached to string to blend the images when spun. The phenakistoscope and praxinoscope used spinning disks with sequential images to produce animated effects through persistence of vision. The magic lantern was an early projector developed in the 17th century. These early tools helped lay the foundations for modern animation and cinema.
