AFFIXES.pptx
- 1. AFFIXES In association with word class
- 2. WHAT IS A ROOT? A root, as its name suggests, is a word or word part from which other words grow, usually through the addition of prefixes and suffixes. The root of the word vocabulary, for example, is voc, a Latin root meaning "word" or "name." This root also appears in the words advocacy, convocation, evocative, vocal, and vociferous.
- 3. EXAMPLES: ROOT MEANING EXAMPLES -ast(er)-(G) star asteroid, astronomy -audi- (L) hear audible, audience -auto- (G) self automatic, autopsy -bene- (L) good benefit, benign -bio- (G) life biography, biology -chrono- (G) time chronic, synchronize -dict- (L) say dictate, diction -duc- (L) lead, make deduce, produce -gen- (L) give birth gene, generate
- 5. WHAT ARE ? ● A word element – usually a prefix or suf that can be attached to a base, stem, o root to form a new word.
- 6. WHAT ARE ? Etymology: From the Latin Figere, "fasten"
- 7. PREFIX A letter or group of letters attached to the beginning of a word that partly indicates its meaning. Common prefixes include anti- (against), co- (with), mis- (wrong, bad), and trans-(across).
- 8. TYPES OF Derivational prefixes do not normally alter the word class of the base word; that is, a prefix is added to a noun to form a new noun with a different meaning.
- 9. PREFIX Etymology: From the Latin Praefixum, "to fasten in front"
- 10. PREFIX During the 1980s, 'mini-' gave way to 'micro-,' which has yielded to 'nano-.' In the new millennium, companies such as Nanometrics, Nanogen and NanoPierce Technologies have all embraced the prefix, despite complaints their products were hardly nano-scale (a billionth of a meter or smaller). (Alex Boese, "Electrocybertronics," Smithsonian, March 2008)
- 11. COMMON PREFIXES Prefix Meaning Example a-, an- without amoral ante- before antecedent anti- against anticlimax auto- self autopilot circum- around circumvent co- with copilot com-, con- with companion, contact
- 12. COMMON PREFIXES contra- against contradict de- off, away from devalue dis- not disappear en- put into enclose ex- out of, former extract, ex- president extra- extracurricular hetero- homo- beyond, more than different same heterosexual homonym
- 13. COMMON PREFIXES intra- between macro- large intravenous macroeconom ics micro- small microscope mono- one monocle non- not, without nonentity omni- all, every omniscient post- after postmortem pre-, pro- before, forward precede, project
- 14. COMMON PREFIXES sub- under submarine syn- same time synchronize trans- across transmit tri- three tricycle un- not unfinished uni- one unicorn
- 15. SUFFIX "Gazebo: The name is an 18th- century joke word combining 'gaze' with the Latin suffix 'ebo,' meaning 'I shall.‘” (Encyclopedia Britannica Online)
- 16. TYPES OF Derivational suffixes, on the other hand, usually change both the meaning and the word class; that is, a suffix is often added to a verb or adjective to form a new noun with a different meaning.
- 17. EXAMPLE: adjective: dark / suffixed noun: darkness verb: agree / suffixed noun: agreement noun: friend / suffixed noun: friendship (Douglas Biber, Susan Conrad, and Geoffrey Leech, Longman Student Grammar of Spoken English, Longman, 2002)
- 18. SUFFIX ● A letter or group of letters added to the end a word or stem (i.e., ● a base form), serving to form a new word or functioning as ● an inflectional ending.
- 19. SUFFIX Etymology: From the Latin Suffixum, “to fasten underneath”
- 20. Introduction Listening 1 - 4 Reading Grammar & Vocabulary Reading Comprehension Evaluation Suffixes (identifying the type of words from the suffixes) Adjectives-ible, -al, -ary, -ic, -less, -ful, -ive, -y, -ous, -ent responsible, central, stationary, electric, endless, useful, productive, sunny, ambitious, efficient Adverbs -ly daily, quickly Nouns-ness, -tion, -ment, -ence happiness, information, advertisement, preference Verbs-ize, -(i)fy, -en modernize, specify, sharpen e.g: accident (noun) – accidental (adj) – accidentally (adv) decide (verb) – decision (noun) – decisive (adj) kind (adj) – kindness(noun) – kindly(adv) help (noun and verb) – helpful (adj) – helpless(adj)
- 21. COMMON NOUN SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning Example -acy state or quality privacy -al act or process of refusal -ance, -ence -dom state or quality of place or state of being -er, -or one who -ism doctrine, belief maintenance, eminence freedom, kingdom trainer, protector communism
- 22. COMMON NOUN SUFFIXES -ist one who chemist -ity, -ty quality of veracity -ment condition of argument -ness state of being heaviness -ship position held fellowship -sion, -tion state of being concession, transition
- 23. COMMON VERB SUFFIXES -ate become eradicate -en become enlighten -ify, -fy make or become terrify -ize, -ise become civilize
- 24. COMMON ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES -able, -ible capable of being edible, presentable -al pertaining to regional -esque reminiscent of picturesque -ful notable for fanciful -ic, -ical pertaining to musical, mythic -ious, -ous characterized by nutritious, portentous -ish having the quality of fiendish -ive having the nature of creative -less without endless -y characterized by sleazy