Agrithozhan - Development of Android Application for Smart Farming

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
Volume 4 Issue 4, June 2020 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31610 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 1518
Agrithozhan – Development of Android
Application for Smart Farming
Dr. S. Suvitha1, V. Divakar2, S. Naveen2, T. K. Gokul Raj2
1Associate Professor, 2UG Scholar,
1,2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
1,2S.A. Engineering College, Poonamallee-Avadi Main Road, Thiruverkadu, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this project is to develop a Farm Field Monitoring
System which will measure soil pH and suggest suitable as well as Demand
crop to get better yield. This system will also predict the weatherandintimate
soil moisture levels to help the farmers to cultivate the proper crop and
monitor their own Land. This project will give the whole data about the farm
cultivation. With help of this project farmers gets much relief in farm
cultivation and the growth of crops will be monitored continuously. With the
sensed pH value best Suitable Crops for the corresponding farm field are
predicted using predefined dataset and Demand crop will be sorted from
those crops and with the sensed temperature and humidity valuesWeatherin
the farm field is also Intimated in three levels as “Normal Weather”, “Chances
of Rain” and “Too hot”. Soil Moisture Level is also measured with moisture
sensor and converted into three levels as Low, Medium and High. The
validated data are sent to the cloud using IOT (Internet of Things)moduleand
Intimated to the farmer using customized Android Application, including the
time at when it was performed. If the soil Moisture level is indicatedasLowor
High, using Customized android application the Pumping Motor connected to
the system can be turned ON or OFF from anywhere in the world using
Internet.
KEYWORDS: Agriculture, SoilProperties, Machine Learning, AndroidApplication,
IoT, pH, Weather Prediction, Soil Moisture
How to cite this paper: Dr. S. Suvitha | V.
Divakar | S. Naveen | T. K. Gokul Raj
"Agrithozhan – Development of Android
ApplicationforSmart
Farming" Published
in International
Journal of Trend in
Scientific Research
and Development
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-
6470, Volume-4 |
Issue-4, June 2020, pp.1518-1521, URL:
www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31610.pdf
Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and
International Journal ofTrendinScientific
Research and Development Journal. This
is an Open Access article distributed
under the terms of
the Creative
CommonsAttribution
License (CC BY 4.0)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
/4.0)
1. INTRODUCTION:
Agriculture is the most important sector of the Indian
economy, but we have not been able to turn our land
resources into profitable and sustainable uses.Thereason is
mainly due to the lack of knowledge on soil. India is gifted
with a variety of soils, and each of them has a variety of
properties. Therefore, it is necessary totesttheproperties of
the soil.
There are many tools available to test the soil, but they do
not give an accurate and desired result. In addition, the
farmer must take the pain of visiting the Laboratory for soil
analysis. Testing the soil individuallycanbetime-consuming
and also costly. Therefore, there is a great need for
equipment to analyse the soil, which is available to the
farmer. The main objective of this project is to develop a
Farm Monitoring System which will measure soil pH and
suggest suitable as well as Demand crop to get better yield.
This system will also predict the weather and intimate soil
moisture levels to help the farmers to cultivate the proper
crop and monitor their own Land.
This project will give the whole data about the farm
cultivation. With help of this projectfarmersgetsmuchrelief
in farm cultivation and the growth of crops will be
monitored continuously. With the sensed pH valuedata best
Suitable Crops for thecorrespondingfarmfieldarepredicted
using predefined dataset and Demand crop will be sorted
from those crops and with the sensed temperature and
humidity values Weather in the farm field is predicted. Soil
Moisture Level is also measured with moisture sensor and
converted into three levels as Low, Medium and High. The
validated data’s are sent to the cloud using IOT (Internet of
Things) module and Intimated to the farmer using
customized Android Application, including the timeatwhen
it was performed. If the soil Moisture level is indicated as
Low ,using Customized android application the Pumping
Motor connected to the system can be turned ON or OFF
from anywhere using Internet.
2. EXISTING METHOD
In the existing system, the soil properties like pH are not
measured to suggest best suitable crop for the farm field.
The automated Irrigation system basedonthemeasuredsoil
moisture level has a disadvantage that, if accuracy of the
sensor is lost then the soil will be over watered or not at all
watered, so this method wastes water as well as power.
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
As new technologies are introduced and applied in the
modern world, there is a need for improvement in the
agricultural sector as well. Various researches have been
carried out and widely used to improve crop cultivation. To
improve crop productivity efficiently, it is necessary to
monitor the environmental conditions in and around the
IJTSRD31610

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
field. Here, The proposed system will monitor the field
environment and send the data to IOT. The main advantage
of the proposed system is that it can be used to monitor
temperature, humidity and water level. Raspberry pi can
send the information of a soil to the user through IoT
network.
Raspberry Requires a power supply of 5V and it acts as a
brain of the system. i.e which control all the sensors
connected to it with GPIO pins. The pH meter works here
don’t require power supply andalsoitcanmeasuremoisture
of the soil. The Measured pH value or moisture value a given
to the Comparator LM393D for comparing the voltagelevels
to produce output voltage.
The LM393D is given 5V power supply from ESP8266 IOT
module. The Analogueoutputvoltagefromthecomparatoris
converted into Digital by MCP3008 A/D converter as
Raspberry Pi reads only Digital values. 5V power Supply is
given to the MCP3008 module from Raspberry pi. MCP3008
also gives power supply of 5V to the ESP8266 and Hence
Low power consumption is achieved and power supply is
Efficiently used. For SPI communication betweenRaspberry
pi and MCP3008 module MOSI, MISO and SCLK of Raspberry
pi pins are connected to corresponding MCP3008 Module
pins. CE0 pin is connected to enable the A/D Module.
DHT11 sensor is directly interfacedtotheRaspberry piGPIO
pins and 5V supply is given from pi. DHT11 sensor gives
temperature and Humidity values of the Farm field. After
getting values from pH meter and DHT11 sensor best
Suitable Crops for thecorrespondingfarmfieldarepredicted
using predefined dataset and Demand crop will be sorted
from those crops and weather in the farm field is intimated
in three levels as “Normal weather”, “Chances of rain” and
“Too hot”. The validated data are sent to the cloud using
ESP8266 IOT module generally known as NodeMCU. This
module is Interfaced with pi usingUSBtoTTL converter. The
Tx pin of TTL is connected to the Rx pin of ESP8266 Module
for the Transmission of data from pi to ESP8266.
Here DC motor is used as pumping Motor whichisinterfaced
with Pi using L293D motor driver. 5V power supply is given
to the L239D and 12V supply is given to motor. Customized
Android Application is being used in several real time
applications. Using Android Application farm field is
Monitored continuously.
Customized android application is used to view the analysis
report from the Hardware Module. i.e suitable as well as
demand crop, weather results and soil moisture level. These
are stored with time the values are updated. So the farmers
can see the report for the particular day. If the soil Moisture
level is indicated as Low or High, using Customized android
application the Pumping Motor connected to the system can
be turned ON or OFF from anywhere in the world using
Internet. The Hardware module location also can be viewed
in it.
Fig.1 Block diagram of proposed system
Fig.2 Predefined Data-set for pH value
4. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
Raspberry Pi
Raspberry pi is a Very small portable desktop with the size
of deck of cards. All of the standard ports are available,
including four full-size USB 2.0 ports, a Gigabit Ethernetjack
(maximum speed of 300 mbps), an HDMI output, and 3.5-
millimeter, four-pole jack. It doubles as a stereo audio and
composite video port. The microSDcardisusedtoinstall slot
storage, which means we can add as little or asmuchstorage
as we can on the microSD card. Wireless connectivityisbuilt
with 802.11ac Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.1. The micro USB
connection that uses 5 volt power can be turned on
completely, and it can run the USB adapter. A 40-pin GPIO
header gives connections for attaching all sorts of sensors
and add-on modules.
Fig.3 Raspberry pi 3
DHT11 sensor
The DHT11 is a low-cost digital sensor that can be easily
connected to a micro-controller such as Raspberry Pi to
instantly measure humidity and temperature. The
temperature range of DHT11 ranges from 0°C to 50°C. The
humidity range of this sensor is 20% to 80%. The sampling
rate of this sensor is 1 Hz. i.e. it reads every second. DHT11
size is small with operating voltage of 3 to 5 volts. The DHT
11 sensor has four pins, VCC, GNT, Data Pin, and
Unconnected Pin. The pulling resistor is providedfrom5k to
10K ohms for communication between the sensor and the
microcontroller.

Fig.4 DHT11 Sensor
pH Meter
Three different soil test meters on one device; Measuring
humidity, pH and light. PH is used to detect the acidity or
alkalinity of water present in the soil. In moist soil, soil
having more H+ is acidic, and soils with more OH- ions are
alkaline. pH values range from1to14.Moisturevaluesrange
from 1 to 10. Values range from 1-3 is low, 4-7 is favorable
moisture, and values from 8-10 is too wet.
Fig.5 pH Meter
ESP8266 IoT Module
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module is AN autonomous SOC with an
integrated TCP/IP protocol stack which will give any
microcontroller access to the Wi-Fi network. ESP8266 is
capable of hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi
networking practicality from anotherapplicationprocessor.
The AT command set for every ESP8266 module is pre-
packaged with the microcode. This module includes a
powerful on-board process and storage capability that
permits it to integrate with sensors and alternative
application-specific devices through its GPIOs, leading to
bottom growth and front loading throughout operation.The
ESP8266 options a self-calibrated RF that permits it to
control below all in operation conditions and doesn't need
external RF elements.
Fig.6 ESP8266 IoT Module
5. APPLICATION DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION
Android Studio is the official integrated development
environment (IDE) for Android app development.Itisbased
on IntelliJ IDEA, a Java integrated developmentenvironment
for software and integrates its code editing and developer
tools. To support application development in the Android
operating system, Android Studio uses a Gradle based build
system, prototype, code templates, and github integration.
Every project in Android Studio has one or more methods
with source code and source files. These methods include
Android App Modules, Library Modules and Google App
Engine Modules. Android Studio uses the Instant Push
feature to push code and resource changes to a running
application. A code editor helps the developer to provide
code writing and code completion, distortion and analysis.
Applications built into Android Studio are bundled into APK
form to submit to the Google Play Store.
Fig.7 Android Studio
Agrithozhan application is deigned to interface with the
Hardware module for the continuous monitoringofthefarm
field. The features of the Agrithozhan are shown in fig.9.
Each Individual user is given an account in the application
for their own monitoring of their farm field. Only they can
access their account with the user name password they
entered at the time of registration. The farmer can also add
their Mobile number to get updates via SMS. If the sensors
interfaced with the hardware moduleisincreasedthenit can
be added in the application’s Number of sensor option to
view the output from the sensor.
To view the overall report View IOT Data option is used in
which details like measured pHvalue,Temperature,weather
details, moisture level and best suitable and demand crop is
updated with date and time basis. So the user can view the
report at any time with date and time specified. Theuser can
add and control up to maximum of five loads with the
android application, which is connected to the raspberry pi.
If the user wants to know where the hardware module is
located, it can be viewed from Device Location Details tab.
Fig.8 Agrithozhan Android Application

Fig.9 Agrithozhan features
6. RESULT & DISCUSSIONS
The fig.10 shows the final hardwaremodulewhichmeasures
pH of the soil and Temperature, humidity in the farm field
and also soil moisture level. The best suitable crop for the
respective land based on the pH value is selected, with
weather and soil moisture data also sent to the cloud by IOT
Module. This analysis report can be viewed in Agrithozhan
Application when the user login with user name and
password. Based on the soil moisture level the user can take
decisions either to turn ON or OFF the pumping motor from
anywhere in the world using Agrithozhan Application.
Fig.10 Smart Farming System
Fig.11 Crop Analysis Results
7. CONCLUSION
In this paper Smart Farming system has been designed with
the advantage of very low power consumption. The load
connected to it can be controlled from anywhere using the
android application. The detailed analysis reportofthefarm
field makes farming easier than traditional way and reduce
the farmer’s workload. The main objectiveoftheproject isto
improve accuracy and implement smart farming. In futureit
can also be improved with various updation.
8. REFERENCES
[1] M. A. Zamora-Izquierdo, J. Santa, J. A. Martínez, V.
Martínez, A. F. Skarmeta, "Smart farming IoT platform
based on edge and cloud computing", Biosyst.Eng.,vol.
177, pp. 4-17, Jan. 2019.
[2] S. Koduru, V. P. R. Padala, P. Padala, "Smart irrigation
system using cloud and Internet of Things", Proc. 2nd
Int. Conf. Commun. Comput. Netw., vol. 46, pp. 195-
203, 2019.
[3] Agraj Aher, Janhavi Kasar, Palasha Ahuja , Varsha
Jadhav, ‘Smart Agriculture using Clustering and IOT’
International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET)e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume 05
Issue: 03| Mar-2018 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
[4] N. Ahmed, D. De, I. Hussain, "Internet of Things (IoT)
for Smart Precision Agriculture and Farming in Rural
Areas", IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 5,no.6,pp.
4890-4899, 2018.
[5] Z. Yang, T. Nakajima, "Connecting Smart Objects in IoT
Architectures by Screen Remote Monitoring and
Control", Computers, vol. 7, no. 4, 2018.
[6] ArunaG, G. GangaL awanya, V. AnbuNivetha, “Internet
of Things Based Innovative Agriculture Automation
Using AGRIBOT” International Journal of Electronics
and Communication Engineering, ISSN: 2348–8549,
March 2017.
[7] InfantialRubala. J, D. Anitha, “Agriculture Field
Monitoring using Wireless Sensor Networks to
Improving Crop Production” International Journal of
Engineering Science and Computing , March 2017.
[8] S. Shyam Sundar B. Balan, “Sensor Based Smart
Agriculture Using IOT”, International Journal of MC
Square Scientific Research, 2017.

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