Agrl. Drones.ppt
- 1. AGRICULTURAL DRONES UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) K. Harikaran I M.SC Entomology 1
- 2. CONTENTS Introduction History of Drones Components Use of Drones in Agriculture Parameters Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion 2
- 3. INTRODUCTION An Agricultural drones is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle used to help optimize agricultural operations, increase crop production and monitor crop growth. Aerial view provided by a drone gives information on growth stages of crops, health monitoring and soil variations in real time helping in any mitigation if required. 3
- 4. HISTORY OF DRONES • In 1921, USDA in collaboration with US Army developed UAV for crop dusting at McCook field (Dayton). • In 1939 – The Royal New Zealand Air Force assisted with spread of seeds mixed with fertilizers. • 1960 – Nikola Tesla induced radio waves in 1898 which pay the way for developing RC airplanes – with this RC planes + transistor technology = scientists developed fly model planes. 4
- 5. History contd… • 1974 – Abraham Karem built the first fully functional agrl. Drones in Israel considered as founder of Drone Technology. • 1985 – Thurling used camera fixed in a drone for taking vertical images of weeds in oilseed crops. • 1992 – Dr. Anders Larsolle used the drones for studying late blight in potato. • 1993- drones used for monitoring climate and environmental conditions in USA. 5
- 7. COMPONENTS BLDC motor Battery – 2 LiPo (Lithium Polymer) batteries consists of six cells 8000 mAh are connected parallel to provide power supply. Flight controller with GPS antenna Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) FPV cameras Sensors Fluid tank 7
- 8. Contd… Aluminium pipe – bent in U shape – make support in which fluid tank, motor and spray lance are mounted. Four nozzles (Flat Fan nozzles) are fixed on 1.3m length spray boom. 12 volts DC motor with pump – generate pressure to spray fluid Landing gears – at bottom- provide safe take off and landing on ground surface 8
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- 11. USE OF DRONES IN AGRICULTURE Soil and Field Analysis Planting Crop spraying Crop monitoring Irrigation Health Assessment Pollination Field mapping 11
- 12. Soil and Field Analysis They produce precise 3D images for early soil analysis, useful in planning seed planting patterns. After planting, drone driven soil analysis provides data for irrigation and nitrogen level management. 12
- 13. PLANTING Automated drone seeders are mostly being used in forestry industries. Planting with drones means very hard to reach areas can be replanted without endangering workers. Reduces the planting cost by 75 percent. 13
- 14. CROP SPRAYING Crop spraying drones can carry large liquid storage reservoirs, can be operated more safely. It can be operated and maintained at a fraction of the cost compared to crop dusters. Increased efficiency with a reduction of in the amount of pesticides. Covers large area in limited time. 14
- 15. CROP MONITORING Vast fields and low efficiency in monitoring together create farming’s largest obstacles. Monitoring challenges are exacerbated by increasingly unpredictable weather, which drive risks and field maintenance costs. 15
- 16. IRRIGATION Using microwave sensing, drones are able to capture very accurate dry places of fields. Water can be distributed in a field in most efficient way in an effort to conserve resources. 16
- 17. HEALTH ASSESSMENT It’s essential to asses the crop health in terms of pest and diseases. By scanning a crop using drones we can know about the damaged symptoms. A speedy recovery can be done as soon as problem is identified. 17
- 18. POLLINATION Researchers in netherland and Japan are developing small drones that are capable of pollinating without damaging them. In future, there will be autonomous pollinating drones that will work and monitor the crops without constant instruction from operator. 18
- 19. FIELD MAPPING Drones provides accurate field mapping. Having information on field evaluation is useful in determining drainage patterns and dry/wet spots which allow for more efficient watering techniques. 19
- 20. PARAMETERS Model 10 liters 15 liters Transportation size 600 x 600 x 800 (cm) 600 x 600 x 800 (cm) Weight (without battery) 10 kg 13 kg Propeller size 3010 3010 Operation speed (m/s) 4 – 8 4 – 8 Max. speed (m/s) 20 20 Max. payload (kg) 10 15 Taking off weight (kg) 23 32 Spraying width (m) 4 – 6 4 – 6 Single operation time (min) 8 8 Working efficiency (ha/hr) 2.4 6 20
- 21. ADVANTAGES It provide good ROI (Return On Investment) Drones are used in large scale farming for spraying insecticides due to its remote control operation from distance. Helps in monitoring environmental data which helps in smart farming. Helps farmers in scouting their fields quickly and efficiently. 21
- 22. Contd… They are easy to use with very basic training. It has GIS mapping. It helps in storing and analyzing all types of geographical and spatial data. Thermal cameras help in finding wet and dry patches. This help farmers avoid wastage of water. 22
- 23. DISADVANTAGES Most of the drones have less flight time and covers less area. Drones having long flight time and long range are costlier. Need to obtain government clearance in order to use it. It may interfere with other aircrafts or birds if it comes in their flying path. It is difficult to fly them in extreme conditions. 23
- 24. CONCLUSION Drones have already vastly altered the agriculture and will continue to grow in the coming years. While the drones use is becoming more useful to farmers, there is still a ways to go before they become part of every farmers equipments, particularly in developing nations. As there is some disadvantages the drone technology is the best scientific tools for agricultural industry to undergo various operations 24
- 25. THANK YOU 25