2. Section 64(1) states that when— (a) a company
alters its share capital u/s 61(1); or (b) an order
made by the Government has the effect of
increasing authorized capital of a company; or (c)
a company redeems any redeemable preference
shares
Alteration of Share Capital
3. where the terms and conditions of such
conversion are not acceptable to the company, it
may, within sixty days from the date of
communication of such order, appeal to the
Tribunal which shall after hearing the company
and the Government pass such order as it deems
fit.
Appeal against Govt. Order
4. Where the Government has, by an order, directed that
any debenture or loan or any part thereof shall be
converted into shares in a company and where no appeal
has been preferred to the Tribunal or where such appeal
has been dismissed, the memorandum of such company
shall, where such order has the effect of increasing the
authorized share capital of the company, stand altered
and the authorized share capital of such company shall
stand increased by an amount equal to the amount of the
value of shares which such debentures or loans or part
thereof has been converted into. [Section 62(6)].
This Section 62(6) is yet to be notified.
Where appeal is dismissed or not
preferred
5. S.N
O
BASIS SHARES STOCKS
1 Distinct No. Shares in physical
form bear distinct
numbers.
Stocks are the consolidated
value of share capital
2 Fully Paid up Shares may or may
not be fully paid up
Stock is always fully paid-up
3 Nominal Value Shares have a nominal
value.
Stock does not have any
nominal value.
4 Denomination All shares are of equal
denomination.
Denomination of stocks
varies.
5 Fractional
value
It is not possible to
transfer shares into
fraction.
Stock is divisible and
transferable into any
fractional value.
Difference between shares & Stocks
6. S.n Basis Alteration of shares Reduction of shares
1 Applicability Applicable section 61 of the
Companies Act, 2013.
Applicable section 66 of
the Companies Act, 2013.
2 Resolution Alteration of share capital is
required to be done by
ordinary resolution.
Reduction of share capital
is required to be done by
special resolution
3 Confirmation Alteration of share capital is
not required to be confirmed
by the Tribunal.
Reduction of share capital
is to be confirmed by the
Tribunal.
4 Ways (a) Increasing its nominal
capital by issuing new
shares.
(b) Consolidating share
capital into shares of large
denomination.
(c) Converting fully paid up
shares into stock or vice
(a) Extinguishing or
reducing the liability of
members in respect of
the capital not paid up.
(b) Paying off any paid up
share capital which is
in excess of the needs of
the company.
Difference in Alteration of share capital
and reduction of share capital
7. “Surrender of shares” means the surrender to
the company by the registered holder of shares
already issued. Where shares are surrendered to
the company, whether by way of settlement of a
dispute or for any other reason, it will have the
same effect as a transfer in favor of the company
and amount to a reduction of capital.
REDUCTION OF SHARE CAPITAL
8. A company may if authorized by its articles,
forfeit shares for non-payment of calls and the
same will not require confirmation of the
Tribunal. Where power is given in the articles, it
must be exercised strictly in accordance with the
procedure stated therein, otherwise the
forfeiture will be void. Forfeiture will be effected
by means of Board resolution.
Forfeiture of shares
9. The creditors having a debt or claim admissible
in winding up are entitled to object. To enable
them to do so, the Court will settle a list of
creditors entitled to object. If any creditor objects,
then either his consent to the proposed reduction
should be obtained or he should be paid off or
his payment be secured.
Consent of creditors
10. If the Court is satisfied that either the creditors
entitled to object have consented to the
reduction, or that their debts have been paid or
secured, it may confirm the reduction. The Court
may also direct that the words “and reduced” be
added to the company’s name for a specified
period, and that the company must publish the
reasons for the reduction.
Confirmation and Registration of
reduction of share capital
11. The Court’s order confirming the reduction of
the company’s share capital, should be delivered
to the ROC. The reduction takes effect only on
registration of the order, and not before. The
Registrar will then issue a certificate of
registration which will be a conclusive evidence
that the requirements of the Act have been
complied with.
Conclusiveness of certificate for reduction
of capital