Amreesh gpf-latency-clustering
- 1. Insights into Africaβs country-level latencies 1 GPF 13.0, Seattle Amreesh Phokeer AFRINIC
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- 3. Which countries are better inter-connected, which ones are not? β’ Key clusters of connectivity in the region β’ How are inter-country latencies impacted by topology and interconnection strategies? 3 Source: AXIS Project
- 4. Circuitous routes and high end-to-end latencies across the continent 4
- 5. Vantage Points 5 850 software probes 319 Ases 52 countries 50% of the countries had at least 20% of their ASes probed.
- 7. β’ Ping from each probe: β’ select random African Speedtest server as target β’ launch 10 consecutive pings (one second apart) to their randomly chosen Speedtest server β’ return the minimum delay (RTT) observed at that time period β’ Traceroute from each probe: β’ launch a Traceroute to randomly selected Speedtest server β’ for each router hop β’ determine the ASN using the RIPE Routing Information Service β’ attach the geolocation using MaxMind GeoLite2-City 7
- 8. Data Collection 8 4 times a day Pings and traceroute 3 months 42 200 RTT samples 31 500 traces captured 319 ASNs
- 10. 10 Under 30ms β’ Mauritius β’ Reunion β’ Cote DβIvoire Mean in-country Under 40ms β’ South Africa β’ Egypt β’ Benin
- 11. 11 Zambia <-> Malawi Zambia <-> Zimbabwe Mauritius <-> Reunion
- 15. Unusual Cases in Latency Clusters 15 β’ Senegal, Liberia and Benin on the West coast, in Northern cluster β’ Madagascar, Seychelles, islands of the Indian Ocean, clustered alongside countries in the North β’ Somalia, on the East coast, is clustered with countries on the West coast.
- 16. Unusual Cases in Latency Clusters 16 β’ Senegal, Liberia and Benin on the West coast, in Northern cluster β’ Madagascar, Seychelles, islands of the Indian Ocean, clustered alongside countries in the North β’ Somalia, on the East coast, is clustered with countries on the West coast.
- 17. 17 β’ Senegal, Liberia and Benin on the West coast, in Northern cluster β’ Madagascar, Seychelles, islands of the Indian Ocean, clustered alongside countries in the North β’ Somalia, on the East coast, is clustered with countries on the West coast.
- 18. Ethiopia Upstream 100% Overseas Angola Upstream 50% Overseas* *16% Southern -> Europe 18 EU 354ms 144ms N.America
- 19. inter-cluster median RTTs Southern and Eastern β’ Lowest inter-cluster delay ~ 92ms β’ Lowest intra-cluster RTTs individually 19 Inter-cluster delays are mostly exceeding 200ms Western cluster has the highest intra-cluster RTTs
- 21. Africaβs upstream providers 21 37.8% of traceroute paths transit (1st AS hop) outside of Africa 6.6% through SA and 4.5% through Mauritius (WIOCC)
- 22. Africaβs Top 10 Upstream Providers 22
- 23. Africaβs Top 10 upstream providers 23 France Telecom (Orange) accounts for 17% for French speaking countries in West Africa
- 25. Same cluster 203ms Other African Cluster 243ms Overseas 268ms Northern β€ North America: 71ms Southern β€ North America: 227ms 25CDF of RTTs grouped by location of upstream providers RTT to the first AS hop
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- 27. WHERE IS OUR LOCAL CONTENT? 27
- 28. Where is African local content? 28 1400+ News websites 36 countries
- 29. Africaβs upstream providers 29 37.8% of traceroute paths transit (1st AS hop) outside of Africa 6.6% through SA and 4.5% through Mauritius (WIOCC)
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- 33. 33 Median RTT
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