An introduction to basic hydrocyclone
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This document discusses the basic workings of a hydrocyclone. It explains that a hydrocyclone uses centrifugal force to separate slurry into two products - an underflow and overflow - based on differences in size and density. Larger, heavier particles are pushed to the outer walls and exit through the apex, while smaller, lighter particles stay near the center and exit through the vortex finder. The document then discusses several factors that affect hydrocyclone performance such as vortex finder diameter, pressure drop, apex diameter, feed flow rate, cyclone diameter, and cyclone length. Finally, it provides some common applications of hydrocyclones in industries such as mining, drilling, pulp and paper, and more.
An introduction to basic hydrocyclone
- 1. 786 Shakib Afzal Reg:09PWMIN0581 Semester#7th Department of mining engineering UET peshawer
- 2. An Introduction to Basic Hydrocyclone • A cyclone is a piece of process equipment capable of handling large volumes of slurry and classifying it based on differences in size and/or specific gravity. • Based on these differences a cyclone will then produce two products – an underflow and an overflow.
- 3. Hydrocyclone
- 4. Working principals A cyclone uses centrifugal force that is generated by a slurry entering the feed chamber under pressure to make the separations. This centrifugal force causes the larger particles to be ‘slung’ to the cone wall while the finer material is kept closer to the center. The vortex finder draws the water and fine material to the overflow while the coarser material makes its way out the apex.
- 5. Internal Workings of a Cyclone Slurry enters through the feed inlet. Cycloning starts to take place in the feed chamber. Heavier particles move to the outer walls and move toward the apex. Lighter particles stay near the center of the cone and are carried away by the vortex finder.
- 6. Factors affecting Hydrocyclone performance 1: vortex finder 2:pressure drope 3:apex dia 4:feed flow rate 5:cyclone dia 6:cyclone length 7:particle size
- 7. 1:Vortex finder dia Change Effect Reasons increase Decrease Coarser particles will mix with finer particles s efficiency decrease Increase Only finer particles will flow through the vortex s efficiency finder
- 8. 2:Pressure drope Change Effect reasons increase Efficiency increases Flow rate increases decreases decreases decreases
- 9. 3:Apex dia Change Effect Reasons increases Decreases efficiency Large volume of fluids will loose along with finer particles decreases increases Large volume of Fluids will be available for overflow
- 10. 4:Feed flow rate Change Effects reasons increases Increases efficiency Increases G.forces deceases decreases Decreases G. forces
- 11. 5:Cyclone dia Change Effects Reasons increases Decreases efficiency Decreases G.forces decreases increases Increases G.forces
- 12. 6:Cyclone length Change Effects reasons increases Increases efficiency Residence time increases decreases decreases decreases
- 13. 7:Particle size Change Effects reasons increases Increases efficiency More likely for particles to migrate to exterior wall decreases decreases To interior wall
- 14. Uses A hydrocyclone is most often used to separate "heavies" from a liquid mixture originating at a centrifugal pump or some other continuous source of pressurized liquid. A hydrocyclone is most likely to be the right choice for processes where "lights" are the greater part of the mixture and where the "heavies" settle fairly easily.
- 15. Applications In pulp and paper mills to remove sand, plastic particles and other contaminants. In the drilling industry to separate sand from the expensive clay that is used for lubrication during the drilling. In industry to separate oil from water or vice versa. In metal working to separate metal particles from cooling liquid. In potato processing plants to recover starch from waste water. In mineral processing, hydrocyclones are used extensively both to classify particles for recirculation in grinding circuits and to differentiate between the economic mineral and gangue. To remove sand and silt particles from irrigation water for drip irrigation purposes.
- 16. End…. thanks a lot.
Editor's Notes
- #2: the hydrocyclone