Analyzing the Impact of Visitors on Page Views with Google Analytics

International Journal of Web & Semantic Technology (IJWesT) Vol.2, No.1, January 2011
DOI : 10.5121/ijwest.2011.2102 14
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF VISITORS ON PAGE
VIEWS WITH GOOGLE ANALYTICS
MOHAMMAD AMIN OMIDVAR
1
, VAHID REZA MIRABI
2
AND NARJES SHOKRY
3
1
Faculty of Information Technology Management, Iran Islamic Azad University E-
campus
Amin.omidvar@gmail.com
2
Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University Central branch (Tehran), Iran
vrmirabi@yahoo.com
3
Faculty of Public Administration, Islamic Azad University Central branch (Tehran),
Iran
nargesshokry@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
This paper develops a flexible methodology to analyze the effectiveness of different variables on
various dependent variables which all are times series and especially shows how to use a time
series regression on one of the most important and primary index (page views per visit) on
Google analytic and in conjunction it shows how to use the most suitable data to gain a more
accurate result.
Search engine visitors have a variety of impact on page views which cannot be described by
single regression. On one hand referral visitors are well-fitted on linear regression with low
impact. On the other hand, direct visitors made a huge impact on page views. The higher
connection speed does not simply imply higher impact on page views and the content of web
page and the territory of visitors can help connection speed to describe user behavior.
Returning visitors have some similarities with direct visitors.
KEYWORDS
Internet, User studies, worldwide web, Systems analysis, Data mining, visitors behavior, web
analysis, web metric, Google Analytics
1. Introduction
The internet is growingly rapidly and has a great impact on many businesses. Thousands of
companies now own a website and websites have become an integrated part of the business.
Furthermore many companies have employed many technologies which are available through
the web such as online services. With web information, web developers and designers can
improve user interfaces, search engines, navigation features, online help and information
architecture and have happier visitors/ costumers [21]. One of the most popular ways which
most frequented websites use to collect data and information about their websites is through
web analytic. Web analytic collects a large amount of data from users such as browser type,
connection speed, screen size, visitors’ type, etc. The collected data are usually large in
quantity and type that need to be further processed to become useful information or knowledge.

15
2. Literature review
The internet has been playing the important role of corporate marketing during the past ten
years [43]. With its combination of rich text, multimedia and user involvement, the internet
contains more information than any other media [26], [38]. The internet offers speed, reach, and
multimedia advantages, and has changed the way in which businesses interact with their
customers, suppliers, competitors, and employees [12].
Nearly all businesses now have a website [17]. A corporate website enriches the image of a
business and provides direct benefits in terms of electronic commerce (e-commerce) sales [30]
and indirect benefits in terms of information retrieval, branding, and services [34]. Recognition
of the internet is driving marketers in traditional companies to conduct transactions on the
internet [15]. Barua, Konana, B.Whinston, & yin (2001) found that e-business operational
excellence results in financial performance [8]. Thousands of companies have a fear to be left
behind by their competitors if they do not use online technologies.
The total number of internet users and the number of websites are increasing significantly
(table 1-1, table 1-2) which will result in the rapid growth of the use of the world wide web for
commercial purposes.
Figure 1, (Global Number of Internet Users,total and per 100 inhabitants 2000-2009)

16
Figure 2 Internet Domain Survey Host Count(Consotium, 2010)
On a five year forecast by Forrester, e-commerce sales in the U.S. will grow 10% annually from
2014 and online retail sales will be nearly $250 billion, up from $155 billion in 2009 [40].
The increasing amount of internet users, websites and retail sales implies that web developing
should be carried out in a competent, professional manner to increase profit. However,
systematic analysis of costumers’ behaviors has not kept pace with the rapid growth in e-
commerce. Without quantifiable metrics which is available through web analytics software,
website optimization (WSO) is a guessing game, therefore a majority of e-commerce companies
cannot afford this risk given their huge amount of money. Above 70% of the most frequented
websites use web analytic tools but with their large amount of data, it is difficult to use them
effectively[1]. Therefore, it is important to understand what kind of data and knowledge are
required for successful website development work.
Web Analytics Association Standards (2006) committee defined the three most important
metrics as Unique Visitors, Visits/Sessions, and Page Views; and, also categorized search
engine marketing metrics through counts (visits…), ratios (page views per visits….), and key
performance indicators (KPIs) [5].
The main reasons for measuring Search engine marketing (SEM) successes are related to traffic
measurement and the return on investment come on 4th [41]. The top for reasons are as follows:
• Increased traffic volume (76%)
• Conversion rates (76%)
• Click-through rates or CTRs (70%)
• Return on investment (67%)

17
Figure 3 Metrics used to measure Search Engine Marketing campaign success
Progressive improvement of SEM campaigns, conversion rates, and website performance are
available through web metrics, which would results in an increase in profits, happier customers,
and higher return on investment (ROI) by tracking progress over time or against the competition
[11].
Online technology collects large amounts of detailed data on visitor traffic and activities on
websites, which would cause a plethora of metrics [20], and on the other hand this variety of
measures can be overwhelming. Developing a website is a dynamic ongoing process which is
guided by knowledge of its visitors.
2. Profile of the website
In 1998 an Iranian visual artist website was launched (http://www.omidvar.net). This website
has many pages with images and few texts. The Google Analytics traffic overview showed that
all traffic sources sent a total of 19,703 visits from 1 June 2008 to 1 May 2010. The total page
views during this period were 100,144.
3. Methodology
Google Analytics allows users to export report data in Microsoft Excel format, which when
transformed can be analyzed with time series statistical programs. The software EViews is used
to compute time series regression. Initially a data set with 19,703 entries for 23 months drawn
from Google Analytics was employed to analyze the performance of page views or page views
per visits. Monthly data series was the most suitable series among daily and weekly because the
accuracy and credibility of the regression was higher than those of other series.

18
Figure 4 Independent Variables

19
Figure 5 Dependent Variables
Before the hypothesis testing, some statistical matters with regards to the use of Google
Analytics data in combination with time series methodology must be considered. For this reason
all independent variables were processed by Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test to see if they were
stationary or not. If the variables had a unit root they would be transformed to stationary by
Difference-Stationary Process.
Firstly, the total page views were broken down to its elements. For example page views of new
visitors and returning visitors are elements of total page views regarding to page views of
visitors type.
Secondly, Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model were created with their independent
variables and their dependent variables.
Thirdly, a new ARMA model of total page views was created with the sum of its related
fundamental model. With the combined use of both dependent variables and independent
variables, more accurate results were achieved.
Finally, the new model credibility and reliability was checked which is consistent with these
seven steps [27].

20
1) Regression line must be fitted to data strongly (R^2>0.5).
2) Independent variables should be jointly significant to influence or explain the dependent
variable (i.e. F-test, Anova).
3) Most of the independent variables should be individually significant to explain
dependent variable (i.e. T-test).
4) The sign of the coefficients should follow economic theory or expectation or
experiences or intuition.
5) No serial or auto-correlation in the residual (Breusch-Godfrey serial correlation LM test
: BG test)
6) The variance of the residual (u) should be constant meaning that homoscedasticity
(Breusch-Pegan-Godfrey Test)
7) The residual (u) should be normally distributed (Jarque Bera statistics).
4. Hypothesis testing
The main questions are:
• Are page views well described by visitors’ sources? Which source has the highest
impact and why?
• Are page views well described by visitors’ connection speed? Which connection speed
has the highest impact and why?
• Are page views well described by visitors’ type? Which type has the highest impact and
why?
• This survey starts with a preparation stage which checks if our independent variables
are stationary series or not and transforms them to stationary.
Independent Variable Stationary Series Difference-Stationary Process
Search Visitors Yes
Direct Visitors No Yes
Referral Visitors Yes
New Visitors Yes
Returning Visitors Yes
Visitors with Unknown Speed Yes
Visitors with DSL Speed Yes
Visitors with Cable Speed Yes
Visitors with T1 Speed Yes
Visitors with Dial-Up Speed Yes
Visitors with OC3 Speed Yes
Table 1 Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) Test and Difference-Stationary Process
4.1 The impacts of visitors’ sources on page views:
As Table 1 illustrates, Direct Visitors are not stationary series therefore they are transformed to
stationary series by difference-stationary process and the new variable is called “Direct
Visitors*”.
In the Introduction it was mentioned that there are a variety of data in web analytics and the
metric values should be chosen wisely, therefore the independent variable (page view) is broken
down to the page views of direct visitors, referral visitors and search visitors as shown in
Table2.

21
Independent
Variable
Dependent
variable
R^2 Probe value Coefficient
Page views
of Search
Visitors
Search
Visitors
0.41 0 3.82
Page views
of direct
Visitors
Direct
Visitors*
0.3 0.01 4.44
Page views
of Referral
Visitors
Referral
Visitors
0.61 0 1.77
Table 2 ARMA Regression for Page Views Sources
Direct Visitors* was transformed with Difference-Stationary Process to stationary series,
therefore the amount of R^2 which is lower than 0.5 is not an issue to show the fitness of model
to data; but on the other hand, for search visitors which its R^2 is lower than 0.5 implies that the
regression is unlikely to be a good estimate.
Page views = page views of search engine visits + page views of direct visits + page views of
referral visits
Page views = 3.82*Search Visitors + 4.24*Direct Visitors + 1.77*Referral Visitors + c
Indepen
dent
Variabl
e
Dependen
t variables
Regressio
n Fitted to
Data
Strongly
Jointly
Significan
t
Coefficient
s Follow
Economic
Theories
No
Serial in
the
Residual
Homosc
edasticit
y of the
Residual
Varianc
e
Residual
Normali
ty
Distribu
ted
Total
page
views
Visitors
sources
Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
Table 3 Assumptions of good Regression model of total page views with visitors sources
Excepting the serial in the residual this regression is a good model and shows the impact of
Direct and Referral visitors correctly.
4.2 The impacts of visitors’ connection speed on page views:
The dependent variables of visitors connection speed are broken down and an ARMA module
for each is created as follows.
Independent
Variable
Dependent
variable
Page Views
of Visitors
with
Unknown
Speed
Visitors with
Unknown
Speed
0.69 0 4.81
Page Views
of Visitors
with DSL
Speed
Visitors with
DSL Speed
0.391 0 2.74
1
Unlikely to be a good estimate

22
Page Views
of Visitors
with Cable
Speed
Visitors with
Cable Speed
0.74 0 1.71
Page Views
of Visitors
with T1
Speed
Visitors with
T1 Speed
0.47 0 2.22
Page Views
of Visitors
with Dial-
Up Speed
Visitors with
Dial-Up
Speed
0.41 0 3.16
Page Views
of Visitors
with OC3
Speed
Visitors with
OC3 Speed
0.53 0 7.81
Table 4 ARMA Regression for Page Views Connection Speed
Visitors with DSL, T1 and Dial-Up speed are unlikely to be a good estimate because their R^2
is lower than 0.5.
Page views = page views of Unknown visitors + page views of DSL Visitors + page views of
Cable Visitors+ page views of Dial-Up Visitors+ page views of OC3 Visitors
Page Views=4.81*Unknown visitors +2.74*DSL Visitors +1.71* Cable
Visitors+2.22*T1+3.16*Dial-Up Visitors+7.81*OC3 Visitors +C
Independent
Variable
Dependent
variables
Regression
Fitted to
Data
Strongly
Jointly
Significant
Coefficients
Follow
Economic
Theories
No
Serial in
the
Residual
Homoscedasticity
of the Residual
Variance
Residual
Normality
Distributed
Total page
views
Visitors
Connection
Speed
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Table 5 Assumptions of good Regression model of total page views with visitors Connection
Speed
4.3 The impact of visitors’ type on page views:
Independent
Variable
Dependent
variable
Page Views
of New
Visitors
New
Visitors
0.68 0 2.40
Page Views
of
Returning
Visitors
Returning
Visitors
0.70 0 5.22
Table 6 ARMA Regression for Page Views Type
Page Views= Page Views of New visitors+ Page Views of Returning Visitors
Page Views= 2.40*New visitors+ 5.22*Returning Visitors

23
Independe
nt Variable
Dependent
variables
Regression
Fitted to
Data
Strongly
Jointly
Significant
Coefficients
Follow
Economic
Theories
No Serial
in the
Residual
Homosce
dasticity
of the
Residual
Variance
Residual
Normality
Distributed
Total page
views
Visitors
Connection
Speed
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Table 7 Assumptions of good Regression model of total page views with visitors Type
5. Results and Analysis
The results of this survey are categorized in two categories:
1. Results from Regression
2. The methodology that is used
5.1 Results from Regression:
Most of the direct visitors have visited the site before and memorized the address or entered the
site from traditional channels so namely they could be fan of the website, the website owners
and the website developers or visitors from traditional channels (conference, meeting, and
event). Those visitors who access the website from traditional channels would probably increase
during the time of event or meeting and those visitors who are site owners or developers will
probably increase visits during the update or develop time. Consequently these visitors were not
stationary and had unit root.
Analyzing the impact of visitors sources on pages views
By each direct visitor, the number of page views was increased to 4.44 and for referral visitors it
was increased to 1.77; therefore the direct visitors had a higher impact in comparison to referral
visitors. Additionally, exchanging links with more related websites do improve referral visitors’
effect on page views. The Page views of search visitors were not fitted to the module and varied
very much. In order to understand search visitors behavior, their quarries meaning should be
understood which is available through semantic web technologies. Investigation of keywords’
priority and bases on discarded certain percentage of web pages hence making the search
more compact and efficient [25].
Analyzing the impact of visitors connection speed on pages views
By literature review it was thought that the higher speed connection would cause a greater
impact on page views, but things are not so simple. This is due to access by Dial-Up visitors
which used a lower connection speed and had more impact on page views than cable and T1
visitors. It is believed that the content type on the region of visitors plays an important role on
that. Since this site belongs to an Iranian artist, it must have a higher impact on visitors from
Iran.

24
Figure 6 Percentage of Territory of Unknown visitors
Figure 6 reveal that Unknown visitors are mainly from Iran therefore it proves their high impact
on page views.
Figure 7 percentage of Territory of DSL Visitors
17% of DSL visitors which on average had a speed of 1.5 Mbps were from Iran. That is the
reason why it had more impact on page views than Cable visitors with average speed of 4 Mbps.
Figure 8 Percentage of territory of Cable visitors

25
Cable visitors had the lowest impact although their average speed was around 4 Mbps. This can
be explained by the low percentage of Iranian visitors.
Figure 9 Percentage of Territory of T1 visitors
20.21% of T1 visitors are from Iran and the connection speed roughly would be 1.5 MBPS. It is
expected that these visitors had the same impact as DSL visitors; and, indeed their impact was
close to each other (2.22 for T1 visitors and 2.74 for DSL visitors).
Figure 10 Percentage of Territory of Dial-Up visitors
Dial-Up visitors are mainly from Iran so it does prove their impact (3.16) on page views. The
Oc3 visitors had the highest speed which on average is 155 MBPS; therefore their impact on
page views was as high as 7.81.
In conclusion, what can be manifest from close analysis of these data is that it is easier to
predict user behavior whose territory and connection speed does not varied much.
Analyzing the impact of visitors Type on pages views
Returning visitors had more impact on page views than new visitors did and it was quite high.
Returning visitors must have similarities with direct visitors because all of the direct visitors
excepting visitors from traditional channels had visited the site before. So their impact must be
close to each other (5.22 for returning visitors and 4.24 for direct visitors).

26
5.2 The New Methodology
Many websites have measured their success with their competitors’ behavior and many others
have measured that with their own website success. This survey had introduced a methodology
to measure the success of the website with its time series data. It also focused on one of the most
primary and important variables which are page views and showed how to use the most suitable
data for that. This method can be used on all websites and time series variables.
Recommendation
It is suggested to use this methodology on some other artists’ sites, and other variables such as a
combination of these variables. Furthermore since Google Analytics is integrated with Adwords
and Adsense and their time series data’s are available on Google Analytics, further studies on
time series data of Adsense Revenue or Adwords campaigns might have interesting results;
because they bring visitors and revenue to the site.
This methodology is not recommended for search visitors’ behavior and needs further
investigation. In order to understand search visitors behavior their quarries meaning should be
understood which is available through semantic web technologies. Investigation of keywords’
priority and classification would make the search more compact and efficient [25].
According to user referral link, territory and the meaning of the content, the ontology can be
simulated by Protégé which is a free, open source platform for constructing, visualizing and
manipulating domain models and knowledge based applications with ontologies [35].
Discussion
Many website owners or developers have used web traffic elements for their website
performance, but the important thing is the knowledge gained about visitors and their behavior
to keep them happy and satisfied with the website. Most of the websites have used web
analytics to collect data about visitors with no systematic way to convert these data into tangible
knowledge. The amount of these data which is available through web analytic is immense, and
the developer may get lost in it. So a systematic way is needed to analyze these data.
Firstly, this survey used time series regression with dependent variables and independent
variables. And all these variables were chosen wisely to have the most accurate result.
Secondly, the total page views module was created with sum of detailed regression module. For
example for new and returning visitors, the total page views were created as follow:
Page views of New visitors= New visitors*2.40 + C
Page views of Returning visitors= Returning visitors*5.22 + C
Total page views= Page views of new visitors + Page views of Returning visitors + C
Finally, seven assumptions as listed by Hossain were checked as the final module to see how
good the ARMA module was [28].
In sum, this paper showed how to use a regression module with the most suitable dependent and
independent variables and its functionality.
APPENDICES
Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit Root Tests:
The variables under the study are the following: Direct visits (DV), reference site visits (RSV),
search engine visits (SV), new visits (NV), returning visits (RV), visitors with unknown speed
(UNKNOWNV), visitors with DSL Speed (DSLV), visitors with Cable Speed

27
(CABLEV),visitors with T1 Speed (T1V), visitors with Dial-Up Speed (DIAL-UPV) and
visitors with OC3 Speed (OC3V).
DV ADF Test Statistic:-2.85 10 percent Critical Value:-2.65
RSV ADF Test Statistic:-2.15 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
SV ADF Test Statistic:-2.85 10 percent Critical Value:-2.65
SV* ADF Test Statistic:-4.48 10 percent Critical Value:-2.65
NV ADF Test Statistic:-3.95 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
RV ADF Test Statistic:-2.74 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
UNKNOWNV ADF Test Statistic:-2.73 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
DSLV ADF Test Statistic:-3.62 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
CABLEV ADF Test Statistic:-4.51 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
T1V ADF Test Statistic:-3.65 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
DIAL-UPV ADF Test Statistic:-3.49 10 percent Critical Value:-2.64
OC3V ADF Test Statistic:-2.2 10 percent Critical Value:-1.60
ARMA Regression:
Dependent Variable: PAGEVIEWS
Method: Least Squares
Date: 10/06/10 Time: 12:28
Sample (adjusted): 2008M07 2010M04
Included observations: 22 after adjustments
Page views=3.82*Search Visitors+4.24*Direct
Visitors+1.77*Referral Visitors+ c
Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob.
C(1) 2609.016 256.2849 10.18014 0.0000
R-squared 0.581917 Mean dependent var 4252.682
Adjusted R-squared 0.581917 S.D. dependent var 1859.102
S.E. of regression 1202.083 Akaike info criterion 17.06589
Sum squared resid 30345061 Schwarz criterion 17.11548
Log likelihood -186.7248 Hannan-Quinn criter. 17.07757
Durbin-Watson stat 0.947281
Table 8 ARMA Regression for Sources

28
Date: 10/07/10 Time: 20:02
Page Views=4.81*Unknown visitors +2.74*DSL
Visitors +1.71* Cable
Visitors+2.22*T1+3.16*Dial-Up
Visitors+7.81*OC3 Visitors +C
C(1) 1332.591 198.0689 6.727918 0.0000
Table 9 ARMA Regression for connection speed
Date: 06/28/10 Time: 21:54
PAGEVIEWS=2.4*A__+5.22*B__+C(1)
C(1) 1843.713 212.7060 8.667892 0.0000
Table 10 ARMA Regression for Types
Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test (BG Test)
Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test:
F-statistic 3.558785 Prob. F(2,19) 0.0487
Obs*R-squared 5.995448 Prob. Chi-Square(2) 0.0499
Table 11LM Test on ARMA model of Sources

29
Table 12 LM Test on ARMA model of Connection speed
Table 13LM Test on ARMA model of Type
Breusch-Pegan-Godfrey Test:
Heteroskedasticity Test: Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey
Scaled explained SS 0.288654 Prob. Chi-Square(3) 0.9621
Table 14Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test on model of sources
Table 15Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test on model of Connection Speed
Table 16Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test on model of Types
Normality Test for the residuals
Jarque-Bera Test for visitors’ Source: 3.92 Prob: 0.14
Jarque-Bera Test for visitors’ Connection Speed: 3.29 Prob: 0.19
Jarque-Bera Test for visitors’ Type: 2.48 Prob: 0.29

30
References
[1] Analytics Usage Statistics. (2010, July). Retrieved from BuiltWith Technology Usage Statistics:
http://trends.builtwith.com/analytics
[2] Cookies & Google Analytics. (2010). Retrieved 2010, from google:
http://code.google.com/apis/analytics/docs/concepts/gaConceptsCookies.html
[3] Google Analytics Usage Statistics. (2010, Jun). Retrieved from Web and Internet Technology
Usage Statistics: http://trends.builtwith.com/analytics/Google-Analytics
[4] Association, W. A. (n.d.). “Big Three Definitions” Ver. 1.0. 2300 M Street, Suite 800,
Washington DC 20037, United States.
[5] Association, W. A. (2006). Web Analytics “Big Three” Definitions. Washington DC 20037.
[6] Assumptions of Linear Regression. (n.d.). Retrieved July 2010, from homepages.ius.edu:
http://homepages.ius.edu/WCLANG/m305/notes11.htm
[7] B.king, A. (2008). Website Optimization. Orielly.
[8] Barua, A., Konana, P., B.Whinston, A., & yin, F. (2001.). Driving e-business excellence. Sloan
Management, Rev. 34(1) 36–44.
[9] Batchelor, P. R. (n.d.). EVIEWS tutorial:Cointegration and error correction. City University
Business School, London.
[10] Beatriz Plaza Faculty of Economics, U. o. (2009). Monitoring web traffic source effectiveness
with Google Analytics An experiment with time series. Emerald, 9.
[11] Bking, A. (2008). Website optimization. Oreilly.
[12] Bodily, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2004). Not walls, windows: capturing value in the digital age.
Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp.15-25.
[13] capital, I. u. (n.d.). ITU World Telecommunication/ICT indicators database.
[14] Chakraborty, G. L. (2002). An empirical investigation of antecedents of B2B Web sites’
effectiveness. Journal of Interactive Marketing,Vol. 16 No. 4, 51-72.
[15] Chakraborty, G. L. (2002). An empirical investigation of antecedents of B2B Websites'
effectiveness. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 16: 51–72. doi: 10.1002/dir.10044.
[16] Consotium, I. S. (2010). The ISC Domain Survey | Internet Systems Consortium. Retrieved from
Internet Systems Consortium | Internet Systems Consortium: http://www.isc.org/solutions/survey
[17] Cotter, S. (1993). TAKING THE MEASURE OF E-MARKETING SUCCESS. Journal of
Business Strategy, Vol. 23 Iss: 2, pp.30 - 37.
[18] Eisenberg, B. ( November 26, 2007). Future Now’s 2007 Retail Customer Experience Study.
[19] Eugenia Y. Huang, D. o. (2005). Is revamping your web site worthwhile? Emerald, 15.
[20] FMI Group. (2001). Web site Visitors Analysis-Statistics or Intelligence? Basinstoke: FMI
Group.
[21] Fourie, I., & Bothma, T. (2007). Information seeking: an overview of web tracking and the
criteria for tracking software. Aslib Proceedings, ISSN: 0001-253X, 24.
[22] Garson, G. D. (20010,2009,2008). Logistic Regression. Retrieved July 2010, from
http://faculty.chass.ncsu.edu: http://faculty.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/PA765/logistic.htm
[23] Global Number of Internet Users,total and per 100 inhabitants 2000-2009. (n.d.). Retrieved from
ITU: Committed to connecting the world: http://www.itu.int/ITU-
D/ict/statistics/material/graphs/Internet_users_00-09.jpg
[24] Google, A. c. (2009). Appraising Your Investment In Enterprise Web Analytics. Forrester
consulting, (p. 20).

31
[25] Gupta, Siddharth; Thakur, Narina;. (2010). Semantic Query Optimisation with Ontology.
International journal of Web & Semantic Technology (IJWesT).
[26] Hoffman, D. L., & Novak, T. P. (October 1996). Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated
Environments. journal of marketing, 50-68.
[27] Hossain, S. (n.d.). An Investigation into Regression Model using EVIEWS. Lecturer for
Economics.
[28] Hossain, S. (n.d.). An Investigation into Regression Model using EVIEWS. Retrieved from
http://www.sayedhossain.com/: www.sayedhossain.com/files/Lec1.Regression.ppt
[29] http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~billhung/econ3600/application/app01/app01.html. (n.d.). Dickey-
Fuller Unit Root Test. Retrieved from Hong Kong baptist university:
http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~billhung/econ3600/application/app01/app01.html
[30] Inge Geyskens, K. G. (2002). The Market Valuation of Internet Channel Additions. The Journal
of Marketing, Vol. 66, No. 2 (Apr., 2002), pp. 102-119 .
[31] Jacobs, I. (2002, May). DRAFT: Web Achitecture Document. Retrieved from World Wild Web
Consortium: http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/2002/0508-intro
[32] Kohavi, R. e. (2007). Practical Guide to Controlled Experiments on the Web: Listen to Your
Customers.
[33] Köhler, N. V. (1999, Sep). Measuring Internet User Traffic Behavior Dependent on Access
Speed. Institute of Computer Science, Germany.
[34] Lederer , A., Mirchandani, D., & Sims, K. (2001). The Search for Strategic Advantage from the
World Wide Web. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Volume 5 , Issue 4 Pages:
117-133 .
[35] Li BAI, Min LIU, “A Fuzzy –set based Semantic Similarity Matching Algorithm for Web-
Services” CIMS Research Centre, IEEE 2008
[36] Ludlow, E. (n.d.). Multiple Regression: Fitting Models for Multiple Independent Variables.
[37] MArk F.Taylor, D. E. (2001). Knowledge for web site development. Emerald, 11.
[38] Okazaki, S., & Rivas, J. A. (2002). A content analysis of multinationals’ Web communication
strategies: cross-cultural research framework and pre-testing. Internet Research, Vol. 12 No. 5,
pp.380-90.
[39] Sarah Quinton and Mohammed Ali Khan, B. S. (2009). Generating web site traffic: a new model
for SMEs. emerald, 15.
[40] Schonfeld, E. (2010, March 8). Forrester Forecast: Online Retail Sales Will Grow To $250
Billion By 2014. Retrieved from TechCrunch: http://techcrunch.com/2010/03/08/forrester-
forecast-online-retail-sales-will-grow-to-250-billion-by-2014/
[41] Search Engine Marketing Professional Organization, S. (2008, February). Search engine
marketing 2007.
[42] SEMPO. (2006). Search Engine Marketing Professional Organization survey of SEM agencies
and advertisers.
[43] Thompson, K. K. (n.d.). Secure 8000/month wit Adsense arbitrage.
[44] Welling , R., & WhiteMacquarie , L. (2006). Web site performance measurement: promise and
reality. Managing Service Quality, SSN: 0960-4529.

32
Authors
Mohammad Amin Omidvar received his master information technology
management degree from Islamic Azad University (E-campus), Tehran,
Iran, in 2010. He has had many researches in E-commerce field and as an
innovator he has deployed information technology in various fields
especially web, multimedia and digital painting which has been presented
in many Iranian universities’ speeches and conferences.
Vahid Reza Mirabi has PH.D in marketing management and is working as
a vice president of management school and was the president of Islamic
Azad university Tehran central branch. He has more than 16 years of
experience in academic and industry in Iran. He received his PH.D from
GHARWAL Srinegar from Poona University in India. He is advisor of
many companies in the field of marketing. He has published 5 books and
several articles. His major area of interest is marketing research, strategic
management and human resource management.
Narjes Shokri is working as a head department of public administration
(management) and has more than 10 years of experience in academics and
more than 15 years of experience in teaching. She received BA and MA
in public administration at Tehran University and PH.D at Islamic Azad
University Tehran. Her major area of interest is method of research, MIS
and organizational behaviors. She has authored several researches in
national journal.

Analyzing the Impact of Visitors on Page Views with Google Analytics

More Related Content

Similar to Analyzing the Impact of Visitors on Page Views with Google Analytics (20)

More from dannyijwest (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Analyzing the Impact of Visitors on Page Views with Google Analytics