Anaphora, Relational Nouns, and other Semantic Issues
1 like385 views
The document discusses several linguistic concepts related to anaphora resolution including: 1. Intersentential and intrasentential anaphora, c-command relationships, and constraints on reflexive and non-reflexive pronouns. 2. Bound variable constraints and conditions on co-referential noun phrases. 3. Logical forms for representing different types of anaphoric relationships based on c-command, reflexivity, co-reference, and quantification.
![LOGICALFORM
<THE p1 (MURDER1 m1
[AGENT p1]
[THEME (NAME j1 “John”)])>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/presentation-110307182943-phpapp02/85/Anaphora-Relational-Nouns-and-other-Semantic-Issues-36-320.jpg)
![QUICKEXAMPLE
<THE d1 (DESTROY d1
[AGENT <THE h1 HUNS1>]
[THEME <A c1 CITY1>])>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/presentation-110307182943-phpapp02/85/Anaphora-Relational-Nouns-and-other-Semantic-Issues-38-320.jpg)
Anaphora, Relational Nouns, and other Semantic Issues
- 1. EL FILI
- 2. EL FILI
- 5. INTRASENTENTIAL ANAPHORA
- 6. LOCAL DOMAIN S Noun-phrase and Sentence Siblings of an NP or Sentence V P N N V P P Si Ibarra ay nakipagusap sa sarili.
- 7. C-COMMAND An NP/S’s Siblings and their sibling’s S Children and grandchildren V P N P C N P P P N N N V N P P P P Lenard saw Sheldon’s movie about him
- 8. BOUND VARIABLE S Interpretation of a pronoun being V Bounded by a universal P quantifier N P C N P P P N N N V N P P P P the Every boy saw his book above table
- 9. Sheldon looked at himself. S V P P P N N V P P P Sheldon looked at himself * A reflexive pronoun must refer to an NP that C-Commands it and is in the same local domain
- 10. Neil asked Mozzie if the feds asked about him. S V P N P P P S V P P P N V N N N P P P P V P P Neil asked Mozzie if Burke about him asked * A nonreflexive pronoun cannot refer to a C-commanding NP within the same local domain.
- 11. Every boy saw his book on the table. S V P N P P P N N P V N P P Every P the saw his boy on table book * Bound Variable Constraint: A non-reflexive pronoun may be bound to the variable of a universally quantified NP only if the NP C-Commands the pronoun
- 12. Nang sabihin niyang walang papasok maliban kay Basilio, pumasok ang binata. * A nonpronominal NP cannot co-refer with an NP that C-commands it. * Maria Clara said to himself that it can speak in English. * Two co-referential noun phrases must agree in number, gender, and person.
- 13. LOGICAL FORM
- 14. LOGICAL FORM Nagkulong si Simoun sa kanyang silid.
- 15. LOGICAL FORM
- 16. LOGICAL FORM Si Ibarra ay pumasok sa silid pagkatapos tingnan ni Maria Clara ang mukha ng sarili.
- 17. LOGICAL FORM
- 18. LOGICAL FORM Ang lahat ng mga estudyante ay nagsipagalisan sa kanyang klase.
- 19. *
- 25. <THE p1 (& (PEN p1) (BLUE p1) ) > Logical Form
- 26. <THE p1 ((SMART1 CHILD1) p1) > <THE d1 ((SMART1 DOG1) d1) > Logical Form
- 27. (CNP SEM (?semadj (SET ?semcnp))) (ADJ ATYPE SET-PROPERTY SEM ?semadj) CNP SEM ?semcnp) <THE f1 ((FORMER (SET(λ a (ARCHITECT a) )) ) f1) > Logical Form
- 29. (ADJP SEM λ x (?semadjp x ?semnp)) (ADJP ATYPE COMPARATIVE SEM ?semadjp) (THAN) (NP SEM ?semnp) (λ x ( (MORE HAPPY-SCALE) x (NAME j1 “Bart”))) (NAME l1 “Lisa”) =((MORE HAPPY-SCALE) (NAME l1 “Lisa”) (NAME j1 “Bart”)) Logical Form
- 30. ~
- 32. RELATIONALNOUNS Nouns that are defined based on their relations to others. “Ina ng sanggol” “Kapatid ni Auring”
- 33. STRATEGY SISTER OF x A person that is a sister of x. AUTHOR A person that is an author of something
- 34. LOGICALFORM (λ b λ p ( & (PERSON p) (AUTHOR-OF b p))) <THE b1 BOOK> (λ p ( & (PERSON p) (AUTHOR-OF <THE b1 BOOK> p))
- 35. LOGICALFORM (PAST (WAVE1 w1 <THE a2 (& (PERSON a2) (AUTHOR-OF (PRO b2 REL-N1) a2)) > (PRO u2 US1)))
- 36. LOGICALFORM <THE p1 (MURDER1 m1 [AGENT p1] [THEME (NAME j1 “John”)])>
- 37. NOMINALIZATION
- 38. QUICKEXAMPLE <THE d1 (DESTROY d1 [AGENT <THE h1 HUNS1>] [THEME <A c1 CITY1>])>
- 47. (A m1 : (MAN m1) (PRES (BELIEVE b1 *EXPERIENCER (NAME j1 “JOHN”)+ [THEME (PAST (KISS k1 m1 (NAME s1 “Sue”)))+)))
- 48. (PRES (BELIEVE b1 *EXPERIENCER (NAME j1 “John”)+ [THEME (PAST (A m1 : (MAN m1) (KISS k1 m1 (NAME s1 “Sue”)))+))
- 50. <THE p1 (&(PERSON p1) (WIN w1 p1 <THE c1 CONTEST>))> <THE b1 ((N-N-MOD SMOKE1 BOX) b1)>