The document summarizes technological growth from 1981 to 2012, focusing on developments in personal computing devices. It traces the evolution from desktop PCs in 1981 to smartphones and tablets by 2008. Hardware became smaller, more powerful, and more efficient over time. However, hardware alone did not enable this progress - operating systems also advanced significantly. Early systems gave way to mobile operating systems like Android and iOS that powered innovative features through touch interfaces, apps, and connectivity. This allowed for continual innovation in devices.