Android

Prepared by:-
Pulkit chadha
B.Tech(CSE)

Contents
 Introduction
 History
 OHA(Open handset Alliance)
 Minimum Req. to run android.
 Android Architecture.
 Software Development.
 Versions
 New in Android L.
 Android in 2020

What is Android ?
 The word Android means robot resembles like a
human being.
 Android is an open source linux based operating
system for devices such as smartphones and tablets.
 Developed by Google and later the Open Handset
Alliance (OHA).
 Google play store has over 1.3 million apps and over
50 billion downloads.
 Android has its own virtual machine i.e. DVM(Dalvik
Virtual Machine),which is used for executing the
android application.

History
 Android Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California in
October, 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears
and Chris White.
 Android was bought by “Google” in 2005.
 First android with Android 1.1 was Htc Dream.
 On 5th November, 2007, the Open Handset Alliance

Open Handset Alliance(OHA)
• The open handset
alliance(OHA) is a business
alliance of firm to develop
open standard for mobile
devices.
• Devoted to advancing open
standards for mobile devices
• Develop technologies that will
significantly lower the cost of
developing and distributing
mobile devices and services.

Minimum System requirement to
run Android
 RAM- atleast 512 mb.
 Processor- 32 bit ARMv7 architecture.
 GPU- openGL ES 2.0 compatible Graphic processing unit.
 Optional H/w component- GPS, accelerometer, proximity
sensor, ambient light sensor, WIFI, Bluetooth, Flash,
touchscreen etc.
 Camera- Fixed focus or Autofocus.

Linux Kernel
 This layer is core of android architecture. It provides
service like power management, memory management,
security etc.
• It helps in software or hardware binding for better
communication.

Android Runtime
 The Android Runtime was designed specifically for
Android to meet the needs of running in an embedded
environment where you have limited battery, limited
memory, limited CPU.
• Dalvik is the process virtual machine in Google's android
operating system. It is the software that runs the apps on
android devices. Dalvik is thus an integral part of android
,which is typically used on mobile devices such as mobile
phones and tablet computers.
• Programs are commonly written in java and compiled to
byte code.

How applications run on android ?

Application Layer
• It is the most upper layer in android architecture.
• It includes the home application the contacts application , the
browser, and apps.
• All the applications like camera, Google maps, browser, sms,
calendars, contacts are native applications. These applications
works with end user with the help of application framework
to operate.

S/w Development Requirement
 JAVA.
 Android SDK.
 Eclipse IDE .
 JAVA (Programming Language).

We can download applications or put our own
applications in Google Play store

VERSIONS
 Android 1.0 (Astro) (2008)
 Android 1.1 (Beta) (Feb-2009)
 Android 1.5 (Cupcake) (April-2009)
 Android 1.6 (Donut) (Sept-2009)
 Android 2.0 (Éclair) (Oct-2009)
 Android 2.2 (Froyo) (2010)
 Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) (2010)
 Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) (2011)
 Android 4.0 (Ice cream sandwich) (2011)
 Android 4.1-4.3 (Jelly Bean) (2013)
 Android 4.4 (Kit Kat) (2013)
 Android 5.0 ( Lollipop) (2014)

What s new in Android L?
 Material design.
 New Status bar.
 New Lockscreen.
 Most important Android Runtime(ART).

Always-listening voice control

Android

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