Android architecture
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The document discusses the architecture of the Android operating system. It describes the five layers that make up the Android stack: 1) the Linux kernel, 2) the Hardware Abstraction Layer, 3) libraries and runtime, 4) the application framework, and 5) Android applications. The Linux kernel handles low-level system tasks like memory management. Above this is the HAL which provides interfaces to hardware. Libraries and runtime include components like WebKit and SQLite. The application framework contains services for location, telephony, and resources. Finally, applications interact directly with users at the top layer.
Android architecture
- 3. Android Stack Contains 5 Layers : 1) Linux Kernel. 2) HAL(Hardware Abstraction Layer). 3) Libraries & Android Run Time. 4) Android Application FrameWork. 5) Android Applications. Srinivas Devarapalli nivasdevarapalli@gmail.com
- 4. Linux Kernal • Linux Kernel not interact with user & Developer,performs : • Memory Management Programs, Security Settings,Power Management Software, Network Stack,Support for Shared Libraries,Hardware Drivers.
- 5. Linux Kernel For Android Versions • Android 1.0 ----------- 2.6.25. • Android 1.5 ----------- 2.6.27. • Android 1.6 ----------- 2.6.29. • Android 2.0 ----------- 2.6.29. • Android 2.2 ----------- 2.6.32. • Android 2.3 ----------- 2.6.35. • Android 3.0 ----------- 2.6.36. • Android 4.0+ ----------- 3.0.1. • Android 4.1+----------- 3.0.31.
- 6. Android Libraries • Libraries developed with C,having • Surface Manager: composing windows on the screen. • WebKit : Browser. • Sqlite : DataBase. • libc (System C libraries).
- 7. Dalvik Virtual Mechine(DVM) Android Runs on its Own Process. It is optimized for low memory requirements. Allow Multiple instance,run at once. Peocess Management. Thread Support. Operates On dex files. Srinivas Devarapalli nivasdevarapalli@gmail.com
- 8. Android Application Frame Work Our applications directly interact with these blocks of the Android architecture. These programs manage the basic functions of phone like resource management, voice call management etc. Location Manager: Location management, using GPS or cell tower. Telephony Manager: Manages all voice calls. We use telephony manager if we want to access voice calls in our application. Resource Manager: Manage the various types of resources we use in our Application
- 9. Android Application Top Layer o Android stack is Application Layer. User interacting with this layer only. Blue Color : Developed with JAVA. Green Color : Developed with C. To Interface C & JAVA,need to JNI. Srinivas Devarapalli, nivasdevarapalli@gmail.com, Fall June 2013.