Angles classification /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
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The document discusses Angle's classification of malocclusion, which categorizes dental relationships based on the mesiodistal positions of molars to determine the alignment of the dental arches. It outlines the three primary classes of malocclusion (Class I, Class II, and Class III), their subdivisions, and the characteristics of each class. Additionally, it highlights the drawbacks of this classification system, including its limitations in cases of missing teeth and its lack of distinction between skeletal and dental malocclusions.
Angles classification /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
- 1. ANGLES CLASSIFICATION INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY Leader in continuing dental education www.indiandentalacademy.com www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 2. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Angle believed that since biologic entities as well as inanimate elements can be arranged into well-defined classes, the same held also of the occlusion of the teeth and the shape of the face. Angle based his classification of malocclusion on the normal mesiodistal relations of the mesiobuccal cusps of the upper first molars in relation to the mandibular first molars. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 3. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Basis for Angle’s classification Most indicative irregularity of teeth found in antero-posterior relationship of the teeth and the jaws. There is a normal mesio distal or antero-posterior position for the body of the mandible with its superimposed mandibular dental arch to occupy in the anatomy of the skull. The maxillary dental arch being built upon a base that is a fixed section of the skull anatomy, is more or less stable in its relationship to various landmarks on the head and consequently the first molar teeth in this arch may be quite safely selected as a key tooth from which to judge the relationship of mandibular dental arch and intern to the body of mandible upon which it is located www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 4. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Basis for Angle’s classification If there is shifting of maxillary molars in their relationship to the skull anatomy, this variation can be detected by changes in the axial inclination of teeth in the maxillary arch. The axial change is especially manifested by canine teeth. Curvature and line of occlusion is unique to each individual. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 5. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Angle used the Roman numerals I, II and III to designate the three main classes of mesiodistal arch relationship viz., Class I or normal, Class II or distal and Class III or mesial relationship of the cusps of the mandibular first molars to the maxillary first molars. He employed the Arabic numerals 1 and 2 to denote divisions of the classifications. Unilateral deviations he termed subdivisions. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 6. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Angle classified malocclusion as follows Class I Class II Division 1 Division II Subdivision Class III Subdivision www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 7. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class I Malocclusion The mandibular dental arch and the body of the mandible are in normal relation to the maxillary arch indicated by the fact that mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first permanent molar occludes in the buccal groove of the mandibular permanent first molar and the mesiolingual cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes with the occlusal fossa of the mandibular first permanent molar when the jaws are in centric occlusion www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 9. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class II Malocclusion The mandibular dental arch and the body of the mandible are in distal relation to the maxillary arch by half the width of the maxillary first permanent molar or mesioodistal width of a premolar indicated by the fact that mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first permanent molar occludes in the space between the mesiobuccal cusp of the mandibular permanent first molar and the buccal cusp of the second premolar. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 10. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class II Malocclusion The mesiolingual cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes mesial to the mesiolingual cusp of the mandibular first permanent molar when the jaws are in centric occlusion. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 12. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class II Malocclusion Division I A class II malocclusion in which maxilary incisors are in labioversion Subdivision A class II division I malocclusion occuring on only one side www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 13. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class II Malocclusion Division II A class II malocclusion in which maxilary incisors are not in labioversion rather they are retroclined with laterals overlapping centrals or canines overlapping laterals Subdivision A class II division I malocclusion occuring on only one side www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 14. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class III Malocclusion The mandibular dental arch and the body of the mandible are in mesial relationship to the maxillary arch indicated by the fact that mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first permanent molar occludes in the interdental space between the distal aspect of the distal cusp of the mandibular first permanent molar and the mesial aspect of the mesial cusp of the second permanent molar www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 16. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Class III Malocclusion Subdivision A class III malocclusion in which malocclusion is only unilaterally www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 17. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Pseudo-Class III Malocclusion In this condition the mandible is protruded a little during the final stages of closure in order to avoid a premature contact of incisors or canines This is most likely to arise in cases where the relationship of the incisors is edge-to-edge, and may be caused by a mildly prenormal relationship of the dental bases Such pseudo – or postural Class III cases may tend, if left untreated, to become established by a further development of the whole occlusion in Class III relation. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 18. Differences between true and pseudo class III malocclusion Features True Class III Pseudo Class III 1 Profile Concave Straight to concave 2 Etiology Hereditary Habitual/developmental 3 Premature contacts Absent Present 4 Path of closure Forward Deviated 5 Gonial angle Increased/decreased Normal 6 Retrusion of mandible further Not possible Possible 7 Treatment Orthopedic or surgical 8 Left untreated No further changes Elimination of prematurities, replacement of lost posterior teeth Becomes established into true class III www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 19. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Drawbacks of Angle’s Classification The Angle classification was readily accepted by the dental profession, since it brought order out of what previously had been confusion regarding dental relationships. It was recognized almost immediately, however, that there were deficiencies in the Angle system. www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 20. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Drawbacks of Angle’s Classification Angle considered malocclusion only in antero-posterior plane Angle considered maxillary first permanent molar as a fixed point but it was not found so The classification cannot be applied if first permanent molars are missing or extracted The classification cannot be applied in the deciduous dentition www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 21. ANGLE’S CLASSIFICATIO N Drawbacks of Angle’s Classification The classification does not differentiates between skeletal and dental malocclusions The classification does not highlight the etiology of the malocclusion Individual tooth malpositions have not been considered in the classification www.indiandentalacademy.com
- 22. Thank you www.indiandentalacademy.com Leader in continuing dental education www.indiandentalacademy.com