Anotomy
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The document summarizes the anatomy of the female genital system. It is divided into external and internal genitalia. The external genitalia include the labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris. The internal genitalia include the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The vagina leads from the vulva to the uterus and the uterus contains the developing embryo. The fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus.
Anotomy
- 1. Anatomy of the female genital system Presented By Tarig Salah
- 2. * female genital organs are classified into : 1- External Genitalia 2- Internal Genitalia *External Genitalia: include: 1-Labia Majora 2-Labia Minora 3-Clitoris *Internal Genitalia: include: 1- Vagina 2- Uterus 3- Fallopian Tubes 4- Ovaries
- 3. *External Genitalia: 1-Labia Majora: Located on either side of the vaginal opening , extending from the Mons pubis to the perineum They are two folds of skin contain: skin-subcutaneous tissue , sebaceous glands , sweat glands and hair follicles
- 4. 2-Labia Minora Two thin folds of tissue located within the folds of the labia majora They extend from the clitoris downward toward the perineum They contain skin - sebaceous glands-sweat glands and no hair follicles 3-Clitoris: small, elongated organ composed of erectile tissue , nerves and blood vessels
- 5. * Internal Genitalia: 1. Vagina * Location and description : The vagina is a muscular tube that extends upward and backward from the vulva to the uterus It measures about: 8-10cm in length and 2cm in thickness and lined by stratified squamous epithelium. PH : acidic due to action of on glycogen and becomes slightly alkaline in menses , pregnancy , before and after reproductive period.
- 6. Blood supply: -vaginal artery: branch of IIA -vaginal branch of the uterine artery - vaginal plexus drains into IIV *Supports of the vagina: -Upper part: by pelvic fascia to levator ani muscles –transverse cervical-pubocervical and sacrocervical ligaments. -middle: by urogenital diaphragm. -lower: by perineal body posteriorly.
- 7. Relations: -Ant_: bladder above &urethra below -Post_:the rectum ’ rectouterine pooch & perineal body. -Lat_: upper part is related to levators ani &uterine artery
- 8. #N.e: Fornix: is a cavity of the vagina by the sides of the cervix (one ant., one post, and 2 laterals.) *Papanicolaou found that vaginal smears may contain cells which indicate early onset of Ca Cx.
- 9. *Uterus It is a hollow ‘ pear-shaped organ with thick muscular wall in which the embryo and fetus normally develop & grow. *The wall of the uterus has 3 layers: 1-Endometrium 2-Myometrium 3-Perimetrium
- 10. *In young nulliparous it measures: 7.5cm---length 5cm---wide 2.5---thick But in general Its size differ according to the age
- 11. The uterus is divided into: 1-fundus 2-body 3-cervix
- 12. 1-The fundus: lies above the entrance of uterine tubes 2-The body: lies below the entrance of uterine tubes and above the Cx. 3-The cervix: from the internal os to external os ‘ it has uterine & vaginal parts
- 13. The lower segment of the uterus characterized: 1-anatomically: it is loosely attached to peritoneum 2-physiologically: it is retractile & not contractile 3-It is 6cm above the internal os
- 14. *Blood supply: -Uterine artery: from internal iliac artery ‘ it has : 1-Ascending branch: which anastomoses with ovarian artery to supply the body&ovary. 2-Descending branch: to supply the Cx
- 15. Relations: *-ant: separated from U.bladder by uterovesical pouch. *-Post: separated from the rectum by rectouterine pouch. *-Lat: broad ligament and uterine artery&vein
- 16. *Fallopian tubes: They consist of 4 parts: 1-interstitial (intramural) 2-isthmus 3-ampulla 4-infundibulum
- 17. *Ovaries: They are intra peritoneum ‘ almond-shaped organs producing oocytes and hormones and about:3×2×1cm in size ‘ Postmenopausal size is smaller. *Blood supply: -arteries: by ovarian arteries from the abd-aorta at level of L1 -veins: Rt----IVC Lt----Lt renal vein