"Industrial applications of Composite Polymers" by Oan
Download as PPTX, PDF5 likes5,172 views
This document provides an overview of industrial applications of composites. It discusses different types of composites including polymer composites, natural composites, and industrial composites used in engineering. Examples are given such as fiberglass, wood, bone, and concrete. Industrial applications include uses in aircraft, ships, automotive components, pipes, and bridges. Composites provide advantages like higher strength to weight ratio, design flexibility, and corrosion resistance. Major industries in Pakistan that could utilize composites are also mentioned.
"Industrial applications of Composite Polymers" by Oan
- 1. Oan Muhammad Topic: Industrial applications of composites Oan.sahito@gmail.com Presented By:
- 2. •COMPOSITE POLYMERS •NATURAL COMPOSITES •INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITES •TYPES OF COMPOSITES •COMPOSITES IN ENGINEERING •ADVANTAGES •INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN •CONCLUSION OBJECTIVES 3/25/2014 2
- 3. COMPOSITE POLYMERS ASPHALT CEMENT PLYWOOD FIBER GLASS Two or more chemically or physically distinct materials which when combined have improved properties over the individual materials. Composites could be natural or synthetic. 3/25/2014 3
- 4. 3/25/2014 4
- 5. 3/25/20145
- 6. TRADITIONAL/NATURAL COMPOSITES Composite materials that occur in nature or have been produced by civilizations for many years. Examples: Wood, Concrete, Asphalt SYNTHETIC COMPOSITES Modern material systems normally associated with the manufacturing industries, In which the components are first produced separately and then combined in a controlled way to achieve the desired structure, properties, and part geometry. Possible Classification of Composite Materials 3/25/2014 6
- 7. 1. BONE 2. WOOD 3. ASPHALT 4. BRICKS 5. CONCRETE Traditional/Natural composites 1. Aircraft 2. Boats and Ships 3. Sport equipment (Golf shafts, tennis rackets, surfboards, hokey sticks, etc.) 4. Automotive components 5. Body armor 6. Building materials 7. Water pipes 8. Bridges 9. Tool handles 10. Ladder rails Industrial Composites 3/25/2014 7
- 8. Bone as a Composite COLLAGEN The Bone in our body is a composite. It is made from a hard and brittle material called Hydroxyapatite (which is mainly calcium phosphate) and a soft and flexible material called collagen (which is a protein). 3/25/2014 8
- 9. Wood as a Composite 3/25/2014 9
- 10. •Wood consists of cellulose, hemicellulose & lignin •Cellulose-the strongest component, 65% unidirectional alignment •Lignin behave as adhesive, tighten the wood components 3/25/201410
- 11. Bricks as a Composite The combination of mud and straw forms a composite that is stronger than either the mud or the straw by itself. MUD/CLAY 3/25/2014 11
- 12. Concrete as a Composite Concrete is a mixture of aggregate (small stones or gravel), cement and sand. It has good compressive strength. In more recent times it has been found that adding metal rods or wires to the concrete can increase its tensile (bending) strength. Concrete containing such rods or wires is called reinforced concrete 3/25/2014 12
- 13. Industrial Applications A wide variety of composite products are used in industrial applications, where corrosion resistance and performance in adverse environments is critical. Generally, premium resins such as isophthalic and vinyl ester formulations are required to meet corrosion resistance specifications, and fiberglass is almost always used as the reinforcing fiber. Industrial composite products include underground storage tanks, scrubbers, piping, fume hoods, water treatment components, pressure vessels, and a host of other products. 3/25/2014 13
- 14. Isophthalic Vinyl Ester Isophthalic & Vinyl Ester Isophthalic acid is a non-toxic, colorless crystalline solid that is used to make simple esters widely used as plasticizers Vinylester, is a resin produced by the esterification of an epoxy resin with an unsaturated mono-carboxylic acid. 3/25/2014 14
- 15. Modern composites are fiberglass, introduced in 1940s, which is widely used to form large lightweight reinforced structures such as body of corvette or hull of cabin cruiser or as alternative in heavy porcelain in manufacture of bathtubs and shower stalls. FIBERGLASS 3/25/2014 15
- 16. 3/25/201416
- 17. Metal Matrix Composites The metal matrix composites offer higher modulus of elasticity, ductility and resistance to elevated temperature than polymer matrix composites. But they are heavier and more difficult to process. 3/25/2014 17
- 18. Composites In Civil Engineering 3/25/201418
- 19. Composites have long been used in the construction industry. Applications range from non-structural gratings and claddings to full structural systems for industrial supports, buildings, long span roof structures, tanks, bridge components and complete bridge systems. FRP (Fiber Reinforced) is used in structural shapes, repair materials or as reinforcement for concrete. Polyseters : Used for FRP components(inexpensive &easy) Vinylesters: Alkali resistance, reduced moisture & shrinkage Epoxies : For adhesion and bonding 3/25/201419
- 21. Application Material Processing Method Load-Bearing - bumper beams Glass-fiber reinforced polyester resins Pressing of resin compounds Moldings/covers - front apron - spoiler - wheel-well liners - radiator grill - hood - fenders - trunk Polyurathane Polypropylene Polyethlene Acrylonitrile-butadiene- styrene (ABS) Polycarbonate Injection Molding Protective Moldings Polyvinyl chloride Ethylene-Propylene Terpolymers Injection Molding/ Extrusion Energy Absorbing Foam Polyurethane Liquid Reaction Foaming 3/25/201421
- 23. 3/25/201423
- 25. Other major industries include cement, fertilizer, automobile, sugar, tobacco, chemicals, light engineering, defense production, food processing, ship manufacturing and ship breaking industry. Cotton, textile production and apparel manufacturing are Pakistan's largest industries, accounting for about 66% of the merchandise exports and almost 40% of the employed labour force. Pakistan ranks 55th worldwide in factory output. Pakistan's industrial sector accounts for about 24% of GDP. 3/25/201425
- 26. There are 4 heavy Engineering Industries in public sector (1) Heavy Mechanical Complex, Taxila (2) Pakistan Machine Tools Factory, Landhi (3) Pakistan Ordinance Factory Wah (Defense Production) (4) Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works Karachi 3/25/201426
- 27. Advantages •Higher Specific Strength (strength-to-weight ratio) •Design flexibility •Corrosion Resistance •Durability •Low Relative Investment 3/25/2014 27
- 28. Conclusion The primary driver and advantage in the adoption of composites is the lightweight properties. In transportation, less weight equates to more fuel savings and improved acceleration. In sporting equipment, lightweight composites allow for longer drives in golf, faster swings in tennis, and straighter shots in archery. While in wind energy, the less a blade weighs, the more power the turbine can produce. Besides weight savings, the most important benefits of composites include: Non-corrosive, Non-conductive, Flexible, will not Dent, Low Maintenance, Long Life, Design flexibility. 3/25/2014 28
- 29. SPECIAL THANKS TO ALMIGHTY ALLAH, MY PARENTS AND MY FAMILY. I ACKNOWLEDGE THIS WORK TO PROF. DR. SHAHABUDDIN MEMON FOR KIND SUPERVISION & GUIDE IN LIFE ASPECTS . I AM VERY THANKFUL TO ALL MY FRIENDS AND CLASSMATES WHO ALWAYS GIVE ME RESPECT AND SUPPORT 3/25/2014 29 Acknowledgements