Applications of VILLASframework
- 1. Applications of VILLASframework Geographically Distributed and Local Power System co- simulation Technical Workshop of the ERIGrid Project 13.09.2018 Oldenburg, Germany Prof. Antonello Monti
- 2. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20182 Co-Simulation Interface Algorithm (IA) ■ Co-Simulation Interface Algorithm (IA) for geographically distributed real-time simulation (GD-RTS) ≡ Objectives: conservation of energy at the interface and interface transparency ≡ Violation of energy conservation at the interface is inherent problem in (geographically) distributed co- simulation due to the following = system decoupling (subsystems are solved separately) = communication medium (delay, delay variation, packet loss, limited data sampling… ≡ Co-simulation IA should preserve stability of the simulation and ensure simulation fidelity Violation of energy conservation in GD-RTS
- 3. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20183 Co-simulation IA based on Dynamic Phasors ■ Co-Simulation IA for geographically distributed real-time simulation ≡ based on one of the most commonly employed IA for PHIL interfaces: ideal transformer model (ITM) = controlled current and voltage sources that impose in the local subsystem the behavior of the remote subsystem ≡ current and voltage interface quantities are exchanged between the simulators in the form of time-varying Fourier coefficients, known as dynamic phasors ≡ time clocks of the two simulators are synchronized to the global time ≡ dynamic phasor concept includes absolute time that enables time delay compensation based on the phase shift
- 4. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20184 Example of Application of Co-Simulation Interface Algorithm based on Dynamic Phasors ■ ACS-SINTEF Distributed Real-Time Simulation Platform ≡ Real-time simulation of multi-terminal HVDC grids interconnected with AC grids and wind farms = Studies of potential interactions of the control concepts implemented in the AC grid generators and control strategies of converters ■ VSC-HVDC point to point link that connects two AC systems ≡ a case study to demonstrate applicability of the Internet- distributed simulation platform for simulation of HVDC grids ■ Simulation start ≡ System response after simulation start indicates high fidelity of geographically distributed simulation in steady state and during slow transients
- 5. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20185 ERIC Lab Demonstration ■ Objectives of simulation scenario ≡ Real-time co-simulation of the interconnected transmission and distribution systems ≡ Studies of how different levels of distributed generation, EV penetration in the distribution system affect the system operation at both transmission and distribution levels ≡ Collaboration based on a virtual integration is particularly beneficial for this scenario = There is a need for large-scale power system simulation consisting of detailed simulation models of both transmission and distribution systems = Competences of different areas are required (transmission and distribution systems, consumer behavior patterns) = Confidentiality aspects of sharing data and models among operators is not an issue as only interface quantities at the decoupling point are exchanged ■ Overview of roles of laboratories ≡ Transmission system is simulated on RTDS system at RWTH, Germany ≡ Distribution system is simulated on OPAL-RT system at POLITO, Italy ≡ Prosumer behavior patterns are provided by JRC-Pettan, Netherland ≡ Monitoring based on a web-client in JRC-Ispra, Italy
- 6. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20186 ERIC Lab Demonstration Overview
- 7. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20187 ERIC Lab Demonstration Web Interface ■ Web interface for consolidated monitoring of simulation ≡ Conceptual layout (to the left) ≡ Technical layout (below)
- 8. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20188 RT-Super Lab Transatlantic Distributed Test Bed ■ Objectives ≡ Establish a vendor-neutral distributed platform based on interconnections Digital Real- Time Simulators (DRTS), Power-Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) and Controller-Hardware- In-the-Loop (CHIL) assets hosted at geographically dispersed facilities ≡ Demonstration of multi-lab real-time simulation and distributed PHIL and CHIL setup for simulation and analysis of next generation global power grids
- 9. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 20189 VILLASframework for RT-Super Lab ■ VILLASnode ≡ An instance of VILLASnode installed at every laboratory ≡ Gateway for connecting digital real-time simulators ≡ Interface to VILLASweb ■ VILLASweb ≡ Web interface for consolidated monitoring of the distributed simulation ≡ Web Server, Backend and Database hosted at INL for RT-Super Lab Demo ≡ Web interface is available within VPN for all participants
- 10. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201810 RT-Super Lab Demonstration ■ Leverage unique hardware assets located at different laboratories and academic institutions for simulation and testing of next generation interconnected grids ≡ 8 Labs = 5 OPAL-RT, 4 RTDS, 1 Typhoon ≡ 1 CHIL at USC ≡ Communication network emulation based on Apposite N-91 ≡ 2 PHIL = NWTC Controllable Grid Interface (CGI) interfaced to the GE 1.5 MW wind turbine = Test Bed for PV inverters ≡ Simplified transatlantic HVDC interconnection of transmission systems in the U.S. and Europe
- 11. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201811 RT-Super Lab Participants Laboratory Simulation model / HIL setup Subsyste m IDFull Name Acronym Idaho National Laboratory INL Western Systems Coordinating Council (WSCC); HVDC converter station ss1 National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL PHIL for wind turbines ss5 Sandia National Laboratories SNL PHIL for PV inverters ss6 Colorado State University CSU IEEE 13-bus distribution test feeder ss4 University of South Carolina USC Modified IEEE 123-bus distribution system, CHIL, communication emulation ss7 Washington State University WSU Simplified CERTS microgrid ss8 RWTH Aachen University RWTH European transmission network benchmark model (CIGRÉ); HVDC converter station ss2 Politecnico di Torino POLITO European distribution network benchmark model (CIGRÉ); ss3 NationalLabsUSuniversitiesEUuniversities
- 12. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201812 RT-Super Lab Simulation results #1 ■ Activation of CHIL at USC ≡ PV inverters controlled to minimize reactive power at the substation of IEEE 123-bus system ■ Simulation results at ss1-ss7 co-simulation interface (INL-USC) ≡ Decrease in reactive power at co-simulation (substation) bus !"# $"# Simulation results at ss1-ss7 co-simulation interface (INL-USC)
- 13. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201813 RT-Super Lab Simulation results #2 ■ Flow of power from INL to RWTH via HVDC ■ Power in the HVDC link is decreased by 25 MW ≡ Generators at WSCC (INL) respond ≡ System frequency at INL increases !"# ∆% ss1-ss2 co-simulation interface (INL-RWTH)
- 14. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201814 RT-Super Lab Simulation results #3 ■ Frequency support from a wind turbine ≡ Over frequency event on account of over-generation ■ Wind turbines respond based on droop settings ≡ Negative sign indicates import to INL from NREL ∆" Simulation results at ss1-ss5 #$% ∆#(∆")
- 15. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201815 Local Power System co-simulation Interconnection of RTDS and OPAL-RT at ACS lab ■ Hard real-time communication ■ Synchronized execution of simulation time steps RTDS Rack next to OPAL-RT OP5600 RTDS rear panel: GPC cards OP5600 rear panel: internal fiber connection to ML605 SFP port RTDS racks OPAL-RT OP5600
- 16. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201816 Models Transmission: Benchmark Network for DERs testing (by CIGRé) ■ High Voltage Transmission Network Benchmark – European Configuration ≡ 13 buses, 4 generators ≡ 220 and 380 kV, 50 Hz ≡ Simulated on RTDS
- 17. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201817 Models Distribution: Benchmark Network for DERs testing (by CIGRé) ■ Simulated on OPAL-RT ■ Medium Voltage Distribution Network Benchmark – European Configuration ≡ 14 buses ≡ 2 feeders ≡ 2 transformers ≡ 46 MVA contractual load ≡ Different PV penetration levels: = 6 % = 20 %
- 18. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201818 TN & DN interactions Simple Demonstration: Scenario ■ The loss of generator 2 at bus 3 of TN causes a voltage drop in neighbouring buses and, consequently, the disconnection of PVs in DN (details represented) connected to bus 4.
- 19. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201819 TN & DN interactions Simple Demonstration: Interface values ≡ Currents and voltages measured at the interface point on the two simulators. = Instantaneous voltages decrease after G2 disconnection = Interface accuracy is guaranteed also during transients
- 20. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201820 TN & DN interactions Simple Demonstration: Results ≡ In this scenario, the Italian LVRT capability allows most of the PVs to stay connected in the detailed DN: = Using co-simulation, new LVRT curves and different placement for PV plants can be analysed with regard to the voltage security after an event in the transmission network.
- 21. E.ON Energy Research Center Mathieustraße 10 52074 Aachen Germany Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. T +49 241 80 49703 F +49 241 80 49709 amonti@eonerc.rwth-aachen.de http://www.eonerc.rwth-aachen.de Contact
- 22. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201822 Co-simulation IA based on Wave Variables ■ Co-Simulation IA for locally distributed real-time simulation and connection of labs within a campus (InFIS) ≡ Deterministic time-delay ≡ Higher degree of simulation fidelity required for higher system dynamics = to leverage advanced test benches ≡ Filters or dynamic phasors should not be used ■ Co-simulation IA based on wave variables ≡ Wave variables are often used in bilateral teleoperation ≡ Wave variables directly ensure passivity Application of wave variables for co-simulation IA
- 23. Prof. Antonello Monti, Ph. D. | ERIGrid workshop | September 201823 Example of Application of Co-Simulation Interface Algorithm based on Wave Variables ■ VSC-HVDC point to point link that connects two AC systems ≡ Decoupling point: DC cable ■ Distributed simulation with co-simulation IA based on ITM is not stable ≡ for time delay > 50$% ≡ Filters must be used to ensure stability ■ Distributed simulation with co-simulation IA based on wave variables is stable ≡ Filters do not have to be used ≡ Simulation fidelity is of higher degree DC current at the interface for co-simulation IA based on wave variables DC current at the interface for co-simulation IA based on ITM and filters