Applications Use of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) for Measurement Products Multi Function at PT. Mepopuspitekserpong, Tangerang

Quest Journals
Journal of Research in Mechanical Engineering
Volume 3 ~ Issue 4 (2017) pp: 01-06
ISSN(Online) : 2321-8185
www.questjournals.org
*Corresponding Author: Sutarman1
1 | Page
LPPM Prodi Teknikinformatika STMIK Trigunautama
Research Paper
Applications Use of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) for
Measurement Products Multi Function at PT.
Mepopuspitekserpong, Tangerang
Sutarman1
, Haryonoedihermawan2
, Dede Farhan Aulawi3
LPPM Prodi Teknikinformatika STMIK Trigunautama
Jl. MH. Thamrinkomplekmahkota Mas Blok E No. 28-30 Cikokoltangerang
Received; 15 Feb 2017 Accepted; 23 Mar 2017; © The author(s) 2017. Published with open access at
www.questjournals.org
Abstract: Coordinate Measuring Machine (measuring machine coordinates) is a measuring device multi-
function high-speed (hight speed) the accuracy and efficiency in a high measurement, the working principle of
Coordinate Measuring Machine CMM opposite of Computer Numerical Control CNC, the CNC machine
coordinates that generating inserted chisel movement on the axes X, Y and Z on the workpiece, while the CMM
contact between the probe with the workpiece to produce coordinates. In addition, if the CNC machines use ball
bearings circulating (Circulated ball bearing) then the machine CMM using the annulment of air (air pad
bearing) so movement is very smooth, to ensure the accuracy of construction CMM is made of rigid once One
way to use a table grader made of granite as the reference plane. Cordinat Measuring Machine is measuring
multi-function tools hight speed and accuracy and efficiency in Measuring result
Keywords: Cordinat Measuring Machine, Multi-function Measusuring, Product
Preliminary
Cordinat Measuring Machine is an instrument used to measure the three-dimensional (3D), the
dimension measured is the room that has length, width and height, which translates into a Cartesian coordinate
system X, Y and Z. Then the coordinate data measured by CMM converted into measurement data such as
position, diameter, distance, angle, etc. In simple terms how the CMM is read changes in the position of a zero
reference origin point of a part that is measured or the origin of the machine itself. Changes in position are then
recorded and processed into measurement data using software that is included in CMM.
CMM is a multi-function gauge high speed measurement accuracy and efficiency is also high, in principle,
CMM is the opposite of the CNC, the CNC coordinates entered chisel generate movement on the axes X, Y and
Z. While the CMM contact between the probe with the object coordinates the work produces. In addition, if the
CNC machine using circulating ball bearings (Circulated ball bearing) then the CMM machine using the
annulment of air (air bearing pad) so movement is very smooth. To ensure the accuracy of the CMM made very
rigid construction. One way to use the granite as a table or a field reference.
Figure 1. Computer Measuring Machine CMM

Applications Use Of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) For…..
2 | Page
Component parts CMM Unit
CMM 3D component consists of several main parts that relate to and affect the accuracy of these
machines, these parts are:
1. Working Table, a place to put the part to be measured. The average is made of granite.
2. Support, is a foot to bear the whole burden of CMM. Some CMM equipped with air dampers to reduce the
effects of vibration generated around CMM environment.
3. Air bearing, bearing CMM uses water as the foundation for the movement of all axes.
4. Axis Guideways, was a track or path all axis to move, have direct contact with the water bearing. Average
material made of aluminum there is also the use of granite, for engines with higher accuracy using ceramic
materials.
5. Motor, is a unit to move the axis, specifically for motorized automatic machine or simply use a joystick.
6. Joystick, an operator control panel for easy operate the machine.
7. Controller, has a variety of functions including; the interface between the engine and the PC, the motor
driver as a resource for the movement of the motor, a data storage for storing files or programs mover
CMM correction, ADC and DAC, etc.
8. Probe Head, functioning as a trigger for the CMM to record the coordinates of the position of part touches
(touch points). Some CMM equipped with non-contact Probe Head to get a lot of touching points that can
reach hundreds or even thousands of points for the purposes of CAD / CAM. For touching part can not be
directly touched to the part but have to go through an intermediary that serves as a feeler stylus.
9. Sensors. CMM has many sensors to improve its accuracy; The sensors include; temperature sensors,
overcurrent sensors, limit switches, home position sensor, water pressure sensor, reading head.
10. Linear Scale. This unit as a transducer to convert the position change into current or voltage and then using
the software into the data coordinates X, Y and Z.
Excellence CMM
1. Coordinate any of the workpiece can be determined easily
2. high measurement precision
3. The data processing unit can process data quickly and directly printable
4. Time setting short measurement
CMM Coordinate Measuring Machine is a 3D device for measuring the physical geometrical
characteristics of an object. This machine can be controlled manually by the operator or a computer controlled.
CMM measuring process on the machine defined by a probe attached to the axis and 3-dimensional moving on
this machine. Probes may be mechanical, optical, laser, or white light. In principle, the CMM is the opposite of
the CNC (Computer Numerical Control). At CNC coordinate entered machining process produces movement in
the X, Y and Z. While in contact CMM Cantara probe with the workpiece to produce coordinates. In addition, if
the CNC machine using circulating ball bearings (Circulated ball bearing) then the CMM machine using the
annulment of air (air bearing pad) so movement is very smooth. To ensure the accuracy of the results
pemgecekan, construction CMM made very stiff (rigid). One way to use the granite as a table or a field
reference. Determining the CMM specification is very important to match the workpiece with the CMM
capabilities.

3 | Page
Figure 2. Frobe
The capacity of the CMM is the maximum size of the object or workpiece where CMM machine can
accommodate. A CMM must have sufficient capacity to match the size of the objects the user needs to measure.
Measurement speed is the rate at which the CMM can read the position and make measurements. It probably
refers to the speed of imaging probes, or for the overall measurement process, which is also a function of the
type of control (CNC be faster than manual control). CNC (Computer Numerical Control) or Direct Computer
Computer (Direct Computer Control) is a control system that is built on the CMM to control the movement of
the probe. CNC-CMMS is best suited for production environments that require higher volume measurements,
and also in applications requiring complex measurements and small with fine features.
Figure 3. Accesoris Probe System CMM
3D CMM Component
CMM consists of several main parts that relate to and affect the accuracy of these machines, these parts are:
1. Working Table, a place to put the part to be measured. The average is made of granite.
2. Support, is a foot to bear the whole burden of CMM. Some CMM equipped with air dampers to reduce the
effects of vibration generated around CMM environment.
3. Air bearing, bearing CMM uses water as the foundation for the movement of all axes.
4. Axis Guideways, was a track or path all axis to move, have direct contact with the water bearing. Average
material made of aluminum there is also the use of granite, for engines with higher accuracy using ceramic
materials.
5. Motor, is a unit to move the axis, specifically for motorized automatic machine or simply use a joystick.
6. Joystick, an operator control panel for easy operate the machine.
7. Controller, has a variety of functions including; the interface between the engine and the PC, the motor driver
as a resource for the movement of the motor, a data storage for storing files or programs mover CMM
correction, ADC and DAC, etc.
8. Probe Head, functioning as a trigger for the CMM to record the coordinates of the position of part touches
(touch points). Some CMM equipped with non-contact Probe Head to get a lot of touching points that can reach
hundreds or even thousands of points for the purposes of CAD / CAM. For touching part can not be directly
touched to the part but have to go through an intermediary that serves as a feeler stylus.
9. Sensors. CMM has many sensors to improve its accuracy; The sensors include; temperature sensors,
overcurrent sensors, limit switches, home position sensor, water pressure sensor, reading head.
10. Linear Scale. This unit as a transducer to convert the position change into current or voltage and then using
the software into the data coordinates X, Y and Z.
11. Software. Program is a liaison between the user of the machine.
rinciples Probe

4 | Page
optical probe / laser probe can be used for measuring microscopes or multi-sensor measuring machine.
Fringe projection systems, theodolite triangulation systems or laser distant and triangulation system, which is
not called measuring machines, but the result of the measurement is the same point in space. Laser probes used
to detect the distance between the surface and the reference point at the end of the kinematic chain can use the
function interferometrical, variations in focus, the deflection of light or shadow beam principle.
Probe Systems New Models
Probe newer models that have probes that drag along the surface of the part taking points at specified
intervals, known as scanning probe. Method of CMM inspection is often more accurate than the conventional
method of touch-probe and most times faster as well.
The next generation of scanning, known as non-contact laser scanning include high speed triangulation
point, [3] scanning laser line, [4] and white light scanning, [5] developed very fast. This method uses either laser
or white light projected on the surface of the part. Thousands of points can then be retrieved and used to not
only check the size and position, but to create a 3D image of the part as well. "Point-cloud data" can then be
transferred to CAD software to create 3D models of the work piece. Optical scanners often used on parts of soft
or delicate, or to facilitate reverse engineering
Understanding CMM in Industrial Engineering as follows:
1. Definition Measurement is the process of comparing the size (dimensions) that is not a standard
diketahuiterhadap certain size. Measurements in a general sense is to compare the magnitude of a quantity with
a reference or comparison (reference) measurement process will produce a number followed by the name of the
magnitude of this reference.
Measurement is a quantitative comparison between a standard predetermined by the object is measured.
Standard comparator must have the same properties as the object is measured and defined by the International
Organization for Standards ISO, NBS, JIS, SAE, and so on. Coordinate Measuring machne (CMM) is a modern
geometric measuring tools by using computers to control the movement of the sensor relative to the measuring
object as well as to analyze the measurement data. CMM is an installation to measure different types of
measurements using the direction of X, Y and Z. In outline, the construction CMM is divided into 3 parts:
1) Unit machine
2) Installation data processing machines (PC / softwear)
3) Probe (touch probes, probe copy, un-direct probe, etc.
2. Function In principle CMM measuring devices (Faro Arm) is the opposite of the CNC. At CNC
coordinate entered generate chisel movement (blade) on the axes X, Y and Z. While the CMM contact between
the probe with the workpiece to produce coordinates. In addition, if the CNC machine using circulating ball
bearings (Circulated ball bearing) then the CMM machine using air cushion (air bearing pad) so movement is
very smooth.
To ensure the accuracy of the CMM construction made very stiff (rigid). One way to use the granite as a table or
a field reference.
3. The meter is the key of the process of mass production. Without measuring tools, machine elements
can not be made sufficiently accurate to be able to exchange (interchangeable). At the time of assembling, which
assembled components must fit each other. At this time, the measuring instrument is an important tool in the
machining process from initial manufacture through quality control at the end of the world produksi.di
manufacturing industry is not biased separated from the use of measuring instruments, from the most simple
(manual) to the already using high teknogi
Description and operation of CMM
1. Description of CMM and operation in practice, orthogonal Cartesian coordinate system, required to
achieve danmengukur each position in 3-dimensional space in the measurement range, adalahpaling often
achieved by an arrangement of three straight translation lurussumbu with a linear scale. Figure 1.1 shows an
example of CMM umumstruktur. For reasons of efficiency, some machines equipped with an extra rotary axis.
2. Schematic CMM most important component is displayed. Basic CMM table formed by the workpiece to be
measured is placed. CMM axis is set in this table. Each axis CMM consists of a guideway, a carriage which can
move along the guideway, and measurement systems. For accurate motion along guideways, most modern trains
have air bearing CMM. The position of the train on the particular axis accurately indicated by a linear scale
attached to each guideway. Readings from all three scales together show 3D'position probe is connected to the
axis of the latter. This probe is used to set measurement points on the workpiece. Depending on the kind of
oversight, CMM can be equipped with a propulsion system consisting of a motor and transmission. CMM can
be manually controlled, joystick controlled or Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC). With no manual controls

5 | Page
available drives. Float free to move to different positions on the workpiece measurement, CMM axis joystick
control as well as servo-controlled motion command for each axis are given by the operator using a joystick.
This last method is the most efficient, because the same measurement can be repeated automatically. In addition
to high accuracy can be achieved, because the measuring points can be taken with a well controlled way.
3. Characteristics of the control and measurement accuracy for high-level effects of possible sources of error in
the accuracy of the CMM, the attempt to eliminate the errors that affect the mechanical structure have resulted
in principle on the conditions for the design and operating conditions:
1) high production and adjusting accuracy.
2) high component stiffness, low mass and good temperature properties.
3) AC Environmental temperature and a small internal heat source.
4) vibration isolation and well-defined when it detects motion.
Several factors can be identified that affect the measurement cycle (see Neumann 1993):
1) crosses and measure the speed, acceleration / deceleration, distance approach.
2) When the probe is changed, the angular speed of rotation table
3) calculation, the data storage time, the output of measurement results
5. Operating and measuring strategy first group of factors should be viewed in relation to the measurement
accuracy of the relationship between the factors - factors that affect the speed and accuracy of dynamism is
highly dependent on the measurement procedures used. Measurement task itself are basically two types of
measuring tasks can be distinguished, namely:
1) Dimensions and profile measurements. dimensional geometry parameter indicates the size of some part of the
object to be measured such as length, diameter, distance, etc. corner.
2) Measurement profiles form a specific part of the object is identified. An example is the diameter of the gear
and measuring Neither a limited amount of single points measured on the assumption that the geometry
elements of the ideal, the parameters are calculated that defines the geometry of this, or point - the point is
measured to identify the `real 'geometry of the element that is scanning, using filtering techniques, profiles and
dimensions can be calculated of collecting data point.
Steps of Minimize errors
Position (probe) is quite different from machine tools, which are programmed position must be
achieved precisely by applying compensation measurement results to fault probe position, position control is not
required in addition to favorable compensation for the error dynamic can also be applied in the manual, it is very
prone to error dynamic for checking on manual CMM is often done in a way that is less restrained.
Excellence in research objects, dynamic errors for axis acceleration and deceleration, in order to achieve error
compensation software to develop such a software compensation method for dynamic error, this research aims
at increased efficiency. With the compensation method is faster and possibly without degradation of accuracy in
measurement.
The approach used is a combination of analytical and empirical following steps:
1) Identify significant dynamic errors of CMM components.
2) Use extra sensor for the measurement of dynamic errors.
3) Using a model for dynamic linking errors to the input signal from the sensor and measure the impact of all
errors identified in the probe position.
4) The measurement results for the mistakes that have been calculated. The first understanding of the dynamic
behavior of the CMM must identify the components for dynamic significant errors and their effects on the
position of the probe on probing, to be estimated for the estimation, the input signal and the associated
model dynamic error for the input signal required.
Operation is defined by kinematic models of the CMM. Next kinematic models used will be presented. In
the dynamic part of the parametric errors. Kinematic modeling errors kinematic errors of CMM Model defines
the spatial relationships between components of the machine and probe position.
modeling purposes
The purpose of modeling is the estimation of the actual position of the probe. The position of the probe
of the CMM is nominally described by the relative position of the machine coordinate system shown with its
scale. Real probe position, but was affected by errors in location due to structural deformation of the circle by
several sources of error.

6 | Page
parametric error for each axis, the kinematic models describing the relationship between the relative
location of the error in the coordinate frame attached to the elements of the machine and the error in the position
of the probe, so that a well-defined coordinate frame the choice of location is important.
According to Slocum, 1993, "An important consideration is the fact that the angle error is not affected by other
error so that they can be defined with respect to each set of axes. translation errors, on the other hand, is caused
by the direct linear motion of the elements as well as the resulting linear motion of Abbe offset ".
modeling steps related to errors in the measured value to the dynamic loads on the CMM. Shows how the
rotation and translation errors can be explained, by expressing the deformation in a parametric errors. One part
of a structural loop type gantry CMM studied.
Referensi
[1]. West, Richard & Turner, Lynn H. 2007. Introducing Communication Theory: Analysis and Application, 3rd Edition.New York:
McGraw- Hill.
[2]. Sutarman, PembangkitListrikTenagaAngin(PLTB) TerbarukanAplikasi yang efisiendanefektif,JurnalIlmiahBidangIptek, Kopertis
Wilayah IV, 2016
[3]. West, Richard & Turner, Lynn H. 2008. PengantarTeoriKomunikasi: Analisis danAplikasi, Edisi 3, Buku 1,terj.Maria Natalia
DamayantiMaer. Jakarta: SalembaHumanika.
[4]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Management_of_Meaning
[5]. http://www.cw.utwente.nl/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Language%20Theory%20and%20Linguistics
/Coordinated_Management_Meaning.doc/

Applications Use of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) for Measurement Products Multi Function at PT. Mepopuspitekserpong, Tangerang

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Similar to Applications Use of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) for Measurement Products Multi Function at PT. Mepopuspitekserpong, Tangerang (20)

More from QUESTJOURNAL (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Applications Use of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) for Measurement Products Multi Function at PT. Mepopuspitekserpong, Tangerang