Architecture Business Cycle 2.pdf Software
- 1. subexpert.com 1 Department of Computer Science SOFTWARE DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE Lecture 2 Architecture Business Cycle
- 2. subexpert.com ACKNOWLEDFMENT • Lectures are prepared from the following books: • Software Design: Creating Solutions for ill Structured Problems • Budgen, D., CRC Press • In addition, there are other examples and code snippets from other sources which are mentioned on respective slides 2
- 3. subexpert.com Topics •Software Architecture •Swedish Ship Vasa •Where Architectures comes from? •Influencers on Architectures •Architecture Business Cycle
- 4. subexpert.com Software Architecture: Module 1 4 Software Architecture • The software architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software elements, the externally visible properties of those elements, and the relationships among them. • The architectural view of a system is abstract, distilling away details of implementation, algorithm, and data representation and concentrating on the behavior and interaction of "black box" elements.
- 5. subexpert.com The Swedish Ship Vasa • 1620 Sweden & Poland at war • Swedish king to build a ship two-gun • World's most formidable instrument of war: 70 meters long, able to carry 300 soldiers, and with an astonishing 64 heavy guns mounted on two-gun decks. • Hybertsson a famous ship architect failed • Inquiries followed, which concluded that the ship was well built but "badly proportioned." In other words, its architecture was flawed. • 375 years old story, well illustrates the Architecture Business Cycle
- 6. subexpert.com The Swedish Ship Vasa cont… • organization goals requirements architecture system. • The architecture flows from the architect's experience and the technical environment of the day. • Hybertsson suffered from the fact that neither of those were up to the task before him
- 7. subexpert.com The Swedish Ship Vasa cont… Three things that Hybertsson could have used and we will study in this course: • Case studies of successful architectures crafted to satisfy demanding requirements, so as to help set the technical playing field of the day. • Methods to assess an architecture before any system is built from it, so as to mitigate the risks associated with launching unprecedented designs. • Techniques for incremental architecture-based development, so as to uncover design flaws before it is too late to correct them
- 8. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 8 Where Do Architectures Come From? • An architecture is the result of a set of business and technical decisions. • In any development effort, the requirements make explicit some—but only some—of the desired properties of the final system.
- 9. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 9 Architectures Are Influenced By System Stakeholders • Stakeholders have different concerns that they wish the system to guarantee or optimize. • performance, reliability, availability, platform compatibility, memory utilization, network usage, security, modifiability, usability, and interoperability with other systems as well as behavior.
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- 11. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 11 Architectures Are Influenced By The Developing Organization • Immediate business • immediate business investment in certain assets, such as existing architectures and the products based on them. • Long-term business • long-term business investment in an infrastructure to pursue strategic goals and may view the proposed system as one means of financing and extending that infrastructure • Organizational structure. • Like Hierarchical, Horizontal, Branched etc..
- 12. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 12 Influenced By The Background And Experience Of The Architects • Experience • Architect's education and training, exposure to successful architectural patterns, • Exposure to systems that have worked particularly poorly or particularly well.
- 13. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 13 Architectures Are Influenced By The Technical Environment • It include standard industry practices or software engineering techniques prevalent in the architect's professional community.
- 14. subexpert.com Software Architecture: Module 1 14 Complications of Influences on an Architecture • Architects need to know and understand the nature, source, and priority of constraints on the project as early as possible • They must identify and actively engage the stakeholders to solicit their needs and expectations.
- 15. subexpert.com Architecture Business Cycle (ABC) • What is the relationship of a system's software architecture to the environment in which the system will be constructed and exist? • Software architecture is a result of technical, business, and social influences. • Its existence in turn affects the technical, business, and social environments that subsequently influence future architectures. • This cycle of influences, from the environment to the architecture and back to the environment, the Architecture Business Cycle (ABC).
- 16. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Architecture Business Cycle Architecture System Customers and End User Developing Organization Technical Environment Architect’s Experience Architect Requirements (Qualities) Architect’s Influences
- 17. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 17 The architecture affects the structure of the developing organization • Architecture prescribes the units of software that must be implemented (or otherwise obtained) and integrated to form the system. • These units are the basis for the development project's structure. • Teams are formed for individual software units; and the development, test, and integration activities all revolve around the units.
- 18. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 18 The architecture affects the structure of the developing organization cont… • Likewise, schedules and budgets allocate resources in chunks corresponding to the units • If a company becomes adept at building families of similar systems, it will tend to invest in each team by nurturing each area of expertise
- 19. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 19 The architecture can affect the goals of the developing organization • A successful system built from an organization can enable it to establish a foothold in a particular market area. • The architecture can provide opportunities for the efficient production and deployment of similar systems, and the organization may adjust its goals to take advantage of its newfound expertise to plumb the market • Feedback from the system developing organization
- 20. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 20 The architecture can affect customer requirements for the next system • Giving the customer the opportunity to receive a system (based on the same architecture) in a more reliable, timely, and economical manner than if the subsequent system were to be built from scratch. • The customer may be willing to relax some requirements to gain these economies
- 21. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 21 The architecture can affect architect's experience • A system that was successfully built around a tool bus or .NET or encapsulated finite-state machines will engender similar systems built the same way in the future. • On the other hand, architectures that fail are less likely to be chosen for future projects.
- 22. subexpert.com 2025/7/18 Software Architecture: Module 1 22 Few systems will influence and actually change the software engineering culture • The first relational databases, compiler generators, and table-driven operating systems had this effect in the 1960s and early 1970s; • The first spreadsheets and windowing systems, in the 1980s. • The World Wide Web is the example for the 1990’s • J2EE may be the example for the first decade of the twenty-first century