Arduino based keyboard and display interfacing

Check out for the (long) code after the break.

#include "ps2.h"

#define PS2_KC_BKSP 0×08
#define PS2_KC_UP 0×81
#define PS2_KC_DOWN 0×82
#define PS2_KC_LEFT 0×83
#define PS2_KC_RIGHT 0×84
#define PS2_KC_PGDN 0×85
#define PS2_KC_PGUP 0×86
#define PS2_KC_END 0×87
#define PS2_KC_HOME 0×88
#define PS2_KC_INS 0×89
#define PS2_KC_DEL 0x8A
#define PS2_KC_ESC 0x8B
#define PS2_KC_CLON 0x8C // caps_lock on
#define PS2_KC_CLOFF 0x8D // caps_lock off

/*
* Pin 2 is the ps2 data pin, pin 3 is the clock pin
*/

PS2 kbd(3, 2);
bool ps2Keyboard_release = false;
bool ps2Keyboard_extend = false;
bool cmd_ack_byte_ok = false;
bool ps2Keyboard_shift = false;
bool ps2Keyboard_alt = false;
bool ps2Keyboard_caps_lock = false;
bool ps2Keyboard_ctrl = false;

byte ps2Keyboard_CharBuffer = 0;

byte code;

int count = 0;

int speed = 20; //number of times to repeat each frame
int pauseDelay = 500; //microseconds to leave each row on before moving to the next

//byte result = ps2Keyboard_CharBuffer;
char incomingByte;
//char str1[] = ” “;

char requestString[100];//The string to display

char character; //to change the message in code you right yourself simply
//change this data and reset index and offset to 0
//Variables used for scrolling (both start at 0
int index = 0; //this is the current charachter in the string being displayed
int offset = 0; //this is how many columns it is offset by

//Pin Definitions
int rowA[] ={11,14,16,18,13,5,7,9}; //5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 of matrix
//{11,14,16,18,3,5,7,9};//An Array defining which pin each row is attached to
//(rows are common anode (drive HIGH))
int colA[] = {8,6,4,19,17,15,12,10}; //24,23,22,21,4,3,2,1 of matrix
//{10,12,15,17,2,4,6,8}; //An Array defining which pin each column is attached to
//(columns are common cathode (drive LOW))

//Constants defining each charachters position in an array of integer arrays
//Letters
const int A = 0; const int B = 1; const int C = 2; const int D = 3; const int E = 4;
const int F = 5; const int G = 6; const int H = 7; const int I = 8; const int J = 9;
const int K = 10; const int L =11; const int M = 12; const int N = 13; const int O = 14;
const int P = 15; const int Q =16; const int R = 17; const int S = 18; const int T = 19;
const int U = 20; const int V =21; const int W = 22; const int X = 23; const int Y = 24;
const int Z = 25;

//Punctuation
const int COL =26; const int DASH = 27; const int BRA2 = 28; const int _ = 29; const int
LINE = 34;
const int DOT =36;

//Extra Charchters
const int FULL =30; const int CHECK = 31; const int A3 = 32; const int TEMP = 33;
const int SMILE =35; const int COLDOT = 36;

//char requestString[] = “”;
//The array used to hold a bitmap of the display
//(if you wish to do something other than scrolling marque change the data in this
//variable then display)
byte data[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};

//The alphabet
//Each Charachter is an 8 x 7 bitmap where 1 is on and 0 if off
const int _A[] = {B0001000,
B0010100,
B0100010,
B1000001,
B1111111,
B1000001,

B1000001,
B0000000};

const int _B[] = {B1111110,
B0100001,
B0100001,
B0111110,
B0100001,
B0100001,
B1111110,
B0000000};

const int _C[] = {B0011111,
B0100000,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B0100000,
B0011111,
B0000000};

const int _D[] = {B1111100,
B0100010,
B0100001,
B0100001,
B0100001,
B0100010,
B1111100,
B0000000};

const int _E[] = {B1111111,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1111100,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1111111,
B0000000};

const int _F[] = {B1111111,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1111100,
B1000000,
B1000000,

B1000000,
B0000000};

const int _G[] = {B0011111,
B0100000,
B1000000,
B1001111,
B1000001,
B0100001,
B0011111,
B0000000};

const int _H[] = {B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1111111,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B0000000};

const int _I[] = {B1111111,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B1111111,
B0000000};

const int _J[] = {B0001111,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B1000001,
B0111110,
B0000000};

const int _K[] = {B1000011,
B1000100,
B1001000,
B1110000,
B1001000,
B1000100,

B1000011,
B0000000};

const int _L[] = {B1000000,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B1111111,
B0000000};

const int _M[] = {B1110110,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B0000000};

const int _N[] = {B1000001,
B1100001,
B1010001,
B1001001,
B1000101,
B1000011,
B1000001,
B0000000};

const int _O[] = {B0011100,
B0100010,
B1000001,
B1001001,
B1000001,
B0100010,
B0011100,
B0000000};

const int _P[] = {B1111110,
B0100001,
B0100001,
B0111110,
B0100000,
B0100000,

B0100000,
B0000000};

const int _Q[] = {B0011100,
B0100010,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000101,
B0100010,
B0011101,
B0000000};

const int _R[] = {B1111110,
B0100001,
B0100001,
B0101110,
B0100100,
B0100010,
B0100001,
B0000000};

const int _S[] = {B0111111,
B1000000,
B1000000,
B0111110,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B1111110,
B0000000};

const int _T[] = {B1111111,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0000000};

const int _U[] = {B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,

B0111110,
B0000000};

const int _V[] = {B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B1000001,
B0100010,
B0010100,
B0001000,
B0000000};

const int _W[] = {B1000001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B1001001,
B0110110,
B0000000};

const int _X[] = {B1000001,
B0100010,
B0010100,
B0001000,
B0010100,
B0100010,
B1000001,
B0000000};

const int _Y[] = {B1000001,
B0100010,
B0010100,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0001000,
B0000000};

const int _Z[] = {B1111111,
B0000010,
B0000100,
B0111110,
B0010000,
B0100000,

B1111111,
B0000000};

const int _COL[] = {B0000000,
B0011000,
B0011000,
B0000000,
B0011000,
B0011000,
B0000000,
B0000000};

const int _DASH[] = {B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0111110,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000};

const int _BRA2[] = {B0010000,
B0001000,
B0000100,
B0000100,
B0001000,
B0010000,
B0000000,
B0000000};

const int __[] = {B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000};

const int _FULL[] = {B1111111,
B1111111,
B1111111,
B1111111,
B1111111,
B1111111,

B1111111,
B0000000};

const int _CHECK[] = {B1010101,
B0101010,
B1010101,
B0101010,
B1010101,
B0101010,
B1010101,
B0000000};

const int _A3[] = {B0111110,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0001111,
B0000001,
B1000001,
B0111110,
B0000000};

const int _TEMP[] = {B0000011,
B0011111,
B0111111,
B1111110,
B1111111,
B0011111,
B0000011,
B0000000};

const int _LINE[] = {B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000001,
B0000000};

const int _SMILE[] = {B1100110,
B1100110,
B0000000,
B0011100,
B1000001,
B0100010,

B0011100,
B0000000};

const int _DOT[] = {B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B0000000,
B1100000,
B1100000,
B0000000,
B0000000};

const int _COLDOT[] = {B0000000,
B0110000,
B0110000,
B0000000,
B0110011,
B0110011,
B0000000,
B0000000};

//Load the bitmap charachters into an array (each charachters position corresponds to its
previously defined index (ie _A (a’s bitmap)
//is at index 0 and A = 0 so letters[A] will return the ‘A’ bitmap)
const int* letters[] =
{_A,_B,_C,_D,_E,_F,_G,_H,_I,_J,_K,_L,_M,_N,_O,_P,_Q,_R,_S,_T,_U,_V,_W,_X,_Y,
_Z,_COL,_DASH,_BRA2,__, _FULL, _CHECK, _A3, _TEMP, _LINE, _SMILE,
_DOT, _COLDOT};

//Setup runs once when power is applied

// val : bit_2=caps_lock, bit_1=num_lock, bit_0=scroll_lock
void kbd_set_lights(byte val) {
kbd.write(0xED);
kbd.read(); // pull out the ack byte
kbd.write(val); // now send the data
}

byte lookupCode() {
byte result = ps2Keyboard_CharBuffer;

// Use a switch for the code to character conversion.
// This is fast and actually only uses 4 bytes per simple line
switch (result) {
case 0x1C: result = ‘a’; break;
case 0×32: result = ‘b’; break;

case 0×21: result = ‘c’; break;
case 0×23: result = ‘d’; break;
case 0×24: result = ‘e’; break;
case 0x2B: result = ‘f’; break;
case 0×34: result = ‘g’; break;
case 0×33: result = ‘h’; break;
case 0×43: result = ‘i’; break;
case 0x3B: result = ‘j’; break;
case 0×42: result = ‘k’; break;
case 0x4B: result = ‘l’; break;
case 0x3A: result = ‘m’; break;
case 0×31: result = ‘n’; break;
case 0×44: result = ‘o’; break;
case 0x4D: result = ‘p’; break;
case 0×15: result = ‘q’; break;
case 0x2D: result = ‘r’; break;
case 0x1B: result = ‘s’; break;
case 0x2C: result = ‘t’; break;
case 0x3C: result = ‘u’; break;
case 0x2A: result = ‘v’; break;
case 0x1D: result = ‘w’; break;
case 0×22: result = ‘x’; break;
case 0×35: result = ‘y’; break;
case 0x1A: result = ‘z’; break;
case 0×29: result = ‘ ‘; break;

// Reset the shift counter for unexpected values, to get back into sync
// This allows for hot plugging a keyboard in and out
default: delay(500); // but wait a bit in case part way through a shift
ps2Keyboard_shift = false;
ps2Keyboard_ctrl = false;
ps2Keyboard_alt = false;
ps2Keyboard_extend = false;
ps2Keyboard_release = false;
ps2Keyboard_caps_lock = false;
} // end switch(result)

// done with the character
ps2Keyboard_CharBuffer = 0;
return(result);
}
int getChar(char lookupCode){
int returnValue = _;
switch(lookupCode){
case ‘A’: returnValue = A; break;
case ‘a’: returnValue = A; break;

case ‘B’: returnValue = B; break;
case ‘b’: returnValue = B; break;
case ‘C’: returnValue = C; break;
case ‘c’: returnValue = C; break;
case ‘D’: returnValue = D; break;
case ‘d’: returnValue = D; break;
case ‘E’: returnValue = E; break;
case ‘e’: returnValue = E; break;
case ‘F’: returnValue = F; break;
case ‘f’: returnValue = F; break;
case ‘G’: returnValue = G; break;
case ‘g’: returnValue = G; break;
case ‘H’: returnValue = H; break;
case ‘h’: returnValue = H; break;
case ‘I’: returnValue = I; break;
case ‘i’: returnValue = I; break;
case ‘J’: returnValue = J; break;
case ‘j’: returnValue = J; break;
case ‘K’: returnValue = K; break;
case ‘k’: returnValue = K; break;
case ‘L’: returnValue = L; break;
case ‘l’: returnValue = L; break;
case ‘M’: returnValue = M; break;
case ‘m’: returnValue = M; break;
case ‘N’: returnValue = N; break;
case ‘n’: returnValue = N; break;
case ‘O’: returnValue = O; break;
case ‘o’: returnValue = O; break;
case ‘P’: returnValue = P; break;
case ‘p’: returnValue = P; break;
case ‘Q’: returnValue = Q; break;
case ‘q’: returnValue = Q; break;
case ‘R’: returnValue = R; break;
case ‘r’: returnValue = R; break;
case ‘S’: returnValue = S; break;
case ‘s’: returnValue = S; break;
case ‘T’: returnValue = T; break;
case ‘t’: returnValue = T; break;
case ‘U’: returnValue = U; break;
case ‘u’: returnValue = U; break;
case ‘V’: returnValue = V; break;
case ‘v’: returnValue = V; break;
case ‘W’: returnValue = W; break;
case ‘w’: returnValue = W; break;
case ‘X’: returnValue = X; break;
case ‘x’: returnValue = X; break;

case ‘Y’: returnValue = Y; break;
case ‘y’: returnValue = Y; break;
case ‘Z’: returnValue = Z; break;
case ‘z’: returnValue = Z; break;
case ‘ ‘: returnValue = _; break;
case ’3′: returnValue = A3; break;
case ‘<’: returnValue = TEMP; break; case ‘*’: returnValue = FULL; break; case ”:
returnValue = LINE; break; case ‘_’: returnValue = _; break; case ‘:’: returnValue =
COL; break; case ‘-’: returnValue = DASH; break; case ‘)’: returnValue = BRA2; break;
case ‘%’: returnValue = SMILE; break; case ‘.’: returnValue = DOT; break; case ‘^’:
returnValue = COLDOT; break; } return returnValue; } void kbd_init() { char ack;
kbd.write(0xff); // send reset code ack = kbd.read(); // byte, kbd does self test ack =
kbd.read(); // another ack when self test is done } void setup() { Serial.begin(9600);
kbd_init(); code = kbd.read(); for(int i = 0; i <8; code =” kbd.read();”
ps2keyboard_release =” true;” ps2keyboard_extend =” false;” cmd_ack_byte_ok =”
true;” ps2keyboard_extend =” true;” ps2keyboard_shift =” ps2Keyboard_release?”
ps2keyboard_release =” false;” ps2keyboard_alt =” ps2Keyboard_release?”
ps2keyboard_release =” false;” ps2keyboard_ctrl =” ps2Keyboard_release?”
ps2keyboard_release =” false;” ps2keyboard_caps_lock =” ps2Keyboard_caps_lock?”
ps2keyboard_release =” false;” ps2keyboard_release =” false;” ps2keyboard_charbuffer
=” code;” i =”0;” currentchar =” getChar(requestString[index]);” nextchar =”
getChar(requestString[index+1]);” row=”0;” column=”0;”>> (8-offset) )); //loads the
next charachter offset by offset pixels
}
}
offset++; //increment the offset by one row
if(offset==8){offset = 0; index++; if(index==sizeof(requestString)-2){index=0;}} //if
offset is 8 load the next charachter pair for the next time through
}

void showSprite(int speed2){
for(int iii = 0; iii < column =” 0;” i =” 0;” i =” 0;” i =”=” row =” 0;” bit =”
(data[column]“>> row) & 1;
if(bit == 1){
digitalWrite(rowA[row], HIGH); //if the bit in the data array is set turn the LED on
}

}
delayMicroseconds(pauseDelay); //leave the column on for pauseDelay microseconds
(too high a delay causes flicker)
}
}

Arduino based keyboard and display interfacing

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