Artificial intelligence
- 2. Pre-Computer History ● 1206 - An Arab inventor, named Al-Jazari, designed the first programmable humanoid robot ● 1642 - Pascal created the first mechanical digital calculating machine ● 1801 - Joseph-Marie Jacquard invented the first programmable machine ● 1818 - Mary Shelley publishes the story of Frankenstein’s Monster ● 1939 - During the New York World’s Fair, Westinghouse Electricat introduces “Electro and Sparko”, a mechanical man and dog
- 3. Pascal’s Calculating Machine (1642) Jacquard Loom (1801) “Electro”, the mechanical man, at the World's Fair in New York (1939)
- 5. Modern History ● 1990s - Major advancement period for AI ○ Deep Blue chess program (IBM) beats the world champion (‘97) ○ First autonomous robotics system, “Sojourner”, was deployed on Mars (‘97) ○ Web crawlers and other AI based “information extraction” programs help spread the use of the worldwide web (search engines) ● 2000s ○ A robot with a face that expresses emotions is developed (MIT) ○ In 2005, a race of all autonomous vehicles is won by a team from Stanford
- 6. IBM’s Deep Blue chess program beats the current world champion (1997) Stanford’s self-driving car, “Stanley” (2005)
- 7. Science and Technology Artificial Intelligence is applied when a machine mimics cognitive functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as learning and problem solving. The goals of AI research include: ● Reasoning ● Knowledge representation ● Planning ● Learning ● natural language processing ● Perception ● The ability to move and manipulate objects ● General intelligence is among the field's long-term goals.
- 8. Science and Technology Artificial Intelligence + Siri ● Siri is a spin-off from a project originally developed by the SRI International Artificial Intelligence Center. ● Its speech recognition engine was provided by Nuance Communications ● Siri uses advanced machine learning technologies to function. ● Learns short/long term memory as the user uses more
- 9. Science and Technology ● F ○ Force ● T ○ Strength ● S ○ Diversity of possible futures ● Tau ○ Future Time Horizon
- 10. People & Organizations ● IBM Watson ● Intel ● Amazon ● Microsoft ● Tesla/SpaceX - Elon Musk ● Google - Andrew Ng, Jeff Dean ● Facebook - Yan LeCun The contributions to AI by most of these people and companies were not for the direct use of AI but to better enhance their companies to allow for better service.
- 11. Future Works ● 2035 - computers will be as intelligent as a human ● 200 years ago = 90% people worked in agriculture; Now 2% ● What is Artificial Intelligence? ○ the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. ● Autonomous Vehicles and Robots
- 13. Autonomous Vehicles ● While some predict widespread use of fully autonomous vehicles is decades away, Senator James White (R-Albuquerque) said it could be closer to 5-to-10 years away. And in fact, some semi-autonomous vehicles are already on the road today. ○ Budweiser used “Otto,” a self-driving truck, to deliver beer in a highly promoted public relations act. ○ In New Mexico, it’s the I-10 corridor that could see big advances in automated trucks ■ Cities are still in progress
- 14. Full Steam Ahead ● Waymo says that by 2020 — that is, two years from now — its fleet of self-driving Jaguars will be doing as many as a million trips per day. ○ 20,000 Jaguars Land Rovers ● “If you are driving a Tesla equipped with Autopilot hardware, you are 3.7 times less likely to be involved in a fatal accident.” It added that there is one automotive fatality every 86 million miles across all vehicles. In cars with Autopilot, it claims, that plunges to one every 320 million miles.
- 15. Artificial Intelligence bots ● It's predicted that AI bots will power 85% of customer service interactions by 2020 and will drive up to $33 trillion of annual economic growth. ● Experts predict that AI will outperform humans in the next 10 years in tasks such as translating languages (by 2024), writing high school essays (by 2026), and driving trucks (by 2027). ● Cleaning or doing basic “tasks” will be done by AI bots
- 16. Independent research 1. Health Care 2. Marketing 3. Lifestyle 4. Transportation 5. Finance
- 17. Quantum Computing ● Classical computers operate on binary bits of information which is in two states-1 or 0 ● Quantum computers use quantum bits which operate in both states 1 and 0 through superpositioning ● Benefits - advancing cancer research and unlocking mysteries of the universe ● Financial world would benefit through use of quantum computers with algorithmic trading ● Threats - Security breaches ex. Cryptocurrency (biggest bank robbery in the world)
- 18. Political Economy ● Three Largest Players: Deepmind, Google, Facebook ● Big Data, Internet of things ● Uses in advertising and social media ● Government Regulation? Clueless ○ Musk and Hawking ○ It is important for the future ○ Will it become too powerful?
- 19. Political Economy Research: ● Elon Musk fears AI ● “I think human extinction will probably occur, and technology will likely play a part in this” ● Evolving too fast: Scared of Google ● “produce something evil by accident”—including, possibly, “a fleet of artificial intelligence- enhanced robots capable of destroying mankind.”
- 20. Economy of AI Future of labor with AI ● AI matches of exceeds human performance ● Several tasks traditionally performed by humans have already been replaced ● Capabilities will grow and become more widespread ● Labor will change drastically as AI grows ● Fear of jobs taken
- 21. Independent Research Research: ● In some countries, such as Japan and China, people work too much and don’t have enough time to form intimate relationships with a partner. ● So, many believe these bots are needed. ● Beginning to change the human experience Analysis: ● Over our lives AI will replace a lot of things ● How far is too far?