assignment
- 1. MENAL HASAN Bureaucracy A formal organization with a hierarchy of authority a clear division of labor emphasis on written rules, communication and record and impersonality of positions Formal organization: A secondary group designed to achieve explicit objectives. Characteristics of bureaucracy: There are several functions of bureaucracy or formal organization some of them are discussed below. Hierarchy of authority: The organization is divided into clear cut level. Each level assigned responsibilities to the level beneath it, while each lower level is responsible to the level above for fulfilling those assignments Division of labor Each member of a bureaucracy has a specific task to accomplish and all of the task are then coordinated to accomplish the purpose of org.in a college e.g. a teacher doesn’t run the operating system, the president doesn’t teach. Written rules: In their attempt to become efficient bureaucracy stress written procedure.in general the longer a bureaucracy exist and the larger it grows the more written rules it has. The rules of some bureaucracy covers just about every imaginable situation. In university the rules are bound in hand book separate once for faculty students administered civil service worker and perhaps other that I don’t even know exist.
- 2. Written records and communication: Records are kept of much of what occurs in a bureaucracy consequently workers in bureaucracy spend a fair amount of time reading and writing memos .they also produce written reports detailing their activities. Impersonality of position: It is the office that is important not the individual who holds the office. You work for the organization not the replaceable person who heads some post in organization. Consequently members of a bureaucracy owe allegiance to the officenot to particular people. If you work in a bureaucracy you become a small cog in a large machine. Each worker is a replaceable unit for many others are available to fulfill each particular functione.g. when a lecturer retires or dies someone else is appointed to to take his/her place.