Assignment 8 a2-draft_2-completed2
- 1. Assignment: 8 – individuAl Coursework PresentAtion (drAft 2) By Gledis Dedaj
- 2. whAt i leArnt from my AudienCe feedbACk… • (Video)
- 3. exPloring toPiCs! Level: • Complete research and some planning for 2 topics.
- 4. Permanently disabled exPloring toPiCs! Harsher punishment Cloning? Bull fighting Where do you draw the line? Death? How many calls get Dog racing ignored? Which countries still allow it Do organisations do and why? all they can? Animals in sport Animal Cruelty Circus animals Animal Testing Which companies Stray animal? test on animals? Animal Rights! Prime minister of Ukraine burning dogs! The conditions within factories! Universal laws for all Do we have a Should fur be countries? right to know? banned? Fox Hunting Cows strapped into Innocent animals die for tight machines all fashion, why is this legal? day and all night Battery farming for Is it still being done chickens illegally? Selective breeding
- 5. How many calls get ignored? Should they have Where does it stop? freedom to run E.g. Cases when they don’t show up to rescue E.g. Some owners dye their an animal? wild? pet’s fur Should animals wear Are they really doing all that clothing? they can? Where do the animals that Pets as accessories The RCPCA aren't adopted E.g. dogs in PETA go? handbags Animal Animals for organisations Ukrainian Prime entertainment Minister burned Circus Animals stray dogs! Animals in Zoo’s Bears forced to dance Animal Cruelty! Is right to keep wild Selective Breeding animals in tight spaces? Elephants forced to perform Are animals treated Should they run free? correctly in zoo’s? What happens to animals that don’t posses certain qualities? Are cuter animals e.g. puppies favoured over less attractive animals e.g. sloths? Animals provoked This is actually a disability and can even be to fight each other Small animals bred together painful for animals for the cute factor E.g. Their small skulls create pressure due to their larger brain
- 6. Do we have the right to know how Some animals are our meat is raised and killed? selectively bred so that people will buy them Is there another alternative Should they have the to killing these animals? right to run free? E.g. certain breeds of dog are Is it morally right to selectively bred with pit bulls What happens to the keep chickens in such (which are illegal) so that animals that are born tights spaces? they can have certain traits with defects? Is there an alternative in how to Battery Farming Selective Small animals are raise them? bred together for Breeding the cute factor Some farms give their animals steroids to grow Animals Mixing certain bigger for Food! characteristics Living conditions of can cause How is meat health animals problems produced at such a rapid speed? Cows are kept hooked What happened Should farmers be able up to machines all day to the male to clone animals for Is the quality of our food and night in order to cows? faster production of produce milk ruined by such meat? Some cows are artificially procedures? inseminated so that they Inserting certain hormones for can produce faster reproduction of animals milk
- 7. reseArCh on toPiC-AnimAl rights PETA Killed a Near Record-Breaking 95 Percent of Adoptable Dogs and Cats in its Care During 2011! • According to records from the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, PETA killed 1,911 cats and dogs last year while placing just 24 in adoptive homes. • Since 1998, a total of 27,751 pets have died at the hands of PETA workers. • A 2010 inspection of 290 PETA animal custody records performed by the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services discovered that PETA killed 84% of the animals it took control of within only 24 hours. • Additionally, the inspection discovered that PETA’s animal shelter didn't meet PETA’s own published guidelines for running a humane shelter. http://www.petakillsanimals.com/
- 8. PetA – Are they killing more AnimAls thAn they resCue? Year: Received: Transferred: Adopted: Killed: 2011 1,992 34 24 1.21% 1,911 95.9% 2010 2,345 63 44 1.86% 2,200 93.8% 2009 2,366 31 8 0.34% 2,301 97.3% 2008 2,216 34 7 0.32% 2,124 95.8% 2007 1,997 35 17 0.85% 1,815 90.9% 2006 3,061 46 12 0.39% 2,981 97.4% 2005 2,165 69 146 6.74% 1,946 89.9% 2004 2,655 1 361 13.60% 2,278 85.8% 2003 2,224 1 312 14.03% 1,911 85.9% 2002 2,680 2 382 14.25% 2,298 85.7% 2001 2,685 14 703 26.18% 1,944 72.4% 2000 2,681 28 624 23.27% 2,029 75.7% 1999 1,805 91 386 21.39% 1,328 73.6% 1998* 943 125 133 14.10% 685 72.6% Total 31,815 574 3,159 9.93% 27,751 87.23% http://www.petakillsanimals.com/
- 9. reseArCh on toPiC-AnimAl rights Animal Testing • There is no worldwide ban on animal testing for cosmetics: despite progress with some countries and companies, over 80% of the world still allows animals to be used in cruel experiments. • New figures from the Home Office published in July 2011 showed there had been a 3% increase in the number of scientific procedures carried out on living animals, much to the dismay of the animal charities. • Under the 1986 Act, project licences are only granted for specified permissible purposes: 1. When there are no non-animal alternatives. 2. When the benefits expected from the programmes of work are judged to outweigh the likely adverse effects on the animals concerned. 3. The number of animals used and their suffering must be minimised.
- 10. reseArCh on toPiC-AnimAl rights Animal Cruelty Statistics • More than 25 million vertebrate animals are used in testing in the United States each year. When invertebrate animals are thrown into the mix, the estimated number rises to as high as 100 million. • 23.5% rise in the number of people convicted for cruelty & neglect in UK - (1,341 in 2011). • 22% rise in the convictions relating to cruelty to dogs in UK - (2,105 in 2011) • 27% rise in prison sentences imposed by courts in UK - (74 in 2011) • 9.3% increase in the numbers of people reported to the RSPCA prosecutions department in UK - (3,036 in 2011) • 13% rise in the number of phone calls received by the RSPCA in UK - (1,314,795 in 2011) • Most animals used in the UK are mice, with European statistics showing nearly 1.87 million used in 2005. National statistics for the UK, however, showed that this figure is 2.81 million. In addition, this figure rose for 2006 to 2.95 million animals. • Over 20,000 rabbits were used for animal testing in the UK in 2004.
- 11. reseArCh on toPiC-AnimAl rights Animal Testing Laws in UK • An experiment must be governed by three different licenses: 1. The first is a project license for the head researcher who oversees the experimentation. 2. The second license involves certification for the agency, which serves to confirm that it has appropriate facilities and that it is sufficiently staffed to handle the experiment and the animal testing. 3. The third license is a personal license for every single researcher or technician who will be involved in fulfilling the procedural requirements. • A license is only granted if the benefit outweighs the potential negative effects to the animal. http://www.aboutanimaltesting.co.uk/local-laws-animal-testing.html
- 12. reseArCh on toPiC-AnimAl rights • The number has started to rise again • What really is the difference between and experiment and a procedure? • We are sugar coating the truth!
- 13. reseArCh on toPiC-AnimAl rights Food Production • It is likely that cloning will be used to produce multiple carbon-copies of the highest yielding cows and fastest growing pigs. • It therefore threatens to accelerate the use of highly intensive genetics in farm animals, causing greater suffering to animals and perpetuating industrial farming. • Increasingly, consumers and food companies are recognising that the way animals are bred and reared affects the quality of the food. • Animals are being pushed to their physical limits and are often breaking down as a result. They are genetically selected to suffer. • Since the 1950s, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a number of steroid hormone drugs for use in beef cattle and sheep, including natural estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and their synthetic versions. These drugs increase the animals’ growth rate, the efficiency by which they convert the feed they eat into meat, and the leanness of their meat. http://www.acompassionateworld.org/2010/08/cloning-%E2%80%93-factory-farming %E2%80%99s-fast-track/
- 14. develoPing PotentiAl toPiC 1 • A) What is the purpose of the documentary? The purpose is to not only expose organisations like the RSPCA but also raise awareness on the harsh facts of animal cruelty and testing. • B) What would people learn about this topic from your documentary? - People will learn the different laws within animal testing. - What are the different requirements or licences. - How animals are bred and raised, and does this effect what we consume? - Differed cases on animal cruelty. - Do animal protection organisations ignore calls? - What happens to animals that aren't adopted? - What effects does animal testing have on animals? - Statistics on animal testing and animal cruelty. -
- 15. develoPing PotentiAl toPiC 1 • C) Connect purpose to audience – why should/do they want to learn about this topic? If people actually care about, not only the well-being of animals but also the quality of their food they will be interested in this documentary. • D) Who is the audience, target audience, secondary audience? Niche or mass - why? The target audience would be mass, due to the fact that this is a universal topic that effects everyone regardless of whether they care about animals or not. It effects the environment which ultimately effects people. With that said, it will perhaps draw more animal lovers in than those who are less interested. Vegetarians would also be a target audience. • E) What style of documentary is it? (observatory, participatory (informative, persuasive etc) Explain why/how It will be informative and persuasive. Informative: The audience will learn about the different laws for animal testing and cruelty and animal testing. They will also be informed of different farming methods. Persuasive: It will persuade people to get more involved with animal rights and the well-being of animals.
- 16. AnimAl rights - series ePisodes! • Episode 1: Animal Testing- Which counties still allow this to take place? - What is the testing for? Cosmetics? Is this moral? - What kinds of effects does testing have on the animals? • Episode 2: Animal Cruelty- How many cases are reported per year in the UK? - Do organisations such as the RSPCA do all that they can? - How many of our calls get ignored? • Episode 3: Food Industry- Battery farming, is it moral? - How does free range differ from ordinary products? - What conditions are animals kept in before they are killed? - Are they killed in painful ways?
- 17. exPloring toPiCs! Are the public How does it differ from fuelling this? stalking? Paparazzi regularly The death of Princess drive vehicles with Diana no plates Too invasive Have we become obsessed with Are they being Too excessive? obeyed? Should there be a looking at limit? others? Are there any laws? Is it healthy to Are our perceptions of idolise people in the Paparazzi people being altered by media? and the the media? media! Celebrities Another form Is it just another way to have rights too of control? increase popularity? What is a Trespassing celebrity? Are they to blame for How do we know the life they chose? what’s true? Physical contact Too easy to with celebrities achieve fame? Publicity stunts? Assault?
- 18. Do some celebrities tip Don’t deserve any People become too off paparazzi protections beyond what is obsessed with stars themselves? given to the average E.g. Reading gossip It is good to citizen magazines religiously have someone Publicity stunts to look up to They are aware of the life Is it healthy to have they are getting into idols within the media? Often paparazzi become too Should they be protected Should we idolise invasive from paparazzi? celebrities? T.V. personality Reality T.V. star Not all artists or Celebrity Theories performers want to become famous Celebrities? Artist National Treasure What are the What Makes effects of Can you have success without You Famous? excessive fame? How much does Has it become too the public have to paparazzi easy to achieve fame? What is the do with creating E.g. Princess The role of the difference between a celebrities? Diana or audience ‘Star’ and a How much do Britney Spears Are our perceptions ‘Personality’ we control? altered by a higher When does it become stalking? power? To what extent is the This is illegal media controlled?
- 19. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! Privacy? • Legal battles over the right to privacy have ensued since the 1st Amendment was enacted in 1791. • New laws are enacted and set usually after an incident or situation arises that is deemed too destructive to society. • Sometimes it takes decades of damage before our laws catch up with the needed change. • E.g. – Princess Diana died trying to escape paparazzi. • The paparazzi were infamously blamed, in part, for causing the car crash that killed Princess Diana.
- 20. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! Problems with paparazzi • Many paparazzo trespass into the homes of celebrities and even climb trees to get shots of their house. • Paparazzi regularly drive vehicles with no plates and when they break the law using their vehicles (like running red lights or causing an accident) there is no way for anyone to track the perpetrators down. • Current law does not allow photos to be taken of a private citizen in certain "private" situations and places. It also does not allow injurious false information to be published. • Some paparazzi have been accused of intentionally causing someone to fall or get hit by a camera - these may be battery and charges may be pressed. • The courts have protected the gathering and printing of "news worthy" information about private citizens as long as it has social value and doesn't cause a reasonable intrusion on the privacy of the individual. - However all paparazzi photographs and video are of high-profile people doing very mundane, everyday activities - eating, walking, driving, visiting their doctor, etc. Photos documenting these normal, every-day http://www.paparazzi-reform.org/legal/
- 21. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! Problems with paparazzi 1. Car chases: Lindsay Lohan and Scarlett Johansson were both involved in car accidents while being chased by paparazzi. One paparazzo even caused a deliberate accident with Catherine Zeta-Jones to get her out of her car for a photo. Princess Dianna was killed in a car crash while her driver attempted to flee the paparazzi. 2. Setting off fire alarms to force their object to evacuate a building. 3. Tripping next to their target to attempt an up-skirt photo. 4. Peeking through open drapes of celebrity houses to take photos of a celebrity's private life. A most popular example of this tactic is the paparazzo who took a topless photo of Jennifer Aniston while furtively camping outside her house. http://www.bestfunfacts.com/pop- culture.html
- 22. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! The effect on Celebrities • The paparazzi have become as much a part of the Hollywood culture as the stars they follow. We have them to thank for the shots of Britney Spears shaving her head, Lindsay Lohan passed out drunk in a friend’s car, and Paris Hilton being carted off to jail. • So who are these people? Ruthless predators who will do anything to get the shot? Or are they hard workers playing an important role in keeping the Hollywood machine running? • Reports of celebrities getting in physical fights with paparazzi surface almost weekly. • Britney Spears took an umbrella to a paparazzo’s car. Julia Roberts chased down a photographer she caught snapping away at her children’s school. • Brad Pitt, whose family is one of the biggest targets of paparazzi, has been vocal about his disdain for these guerrilla photographers. “I hate these people. I don’t understand how they do that for a living,” he told the Today Show.
- 23. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! The effect on Celebrities • In 2008, Sienna Miller won $80,000 in settlements after suing British paparazzi who she said harassed her and invaded her privacy, by chasing her while she was in her car and stalking her outside her home. • She later said of the case: “I’m the first person to sue and win against the paparazzi on harassment charges. • It’s absolutely changed my life. I didn’t want to shut down and hide myself away.“ • In 2010, Nicole Richie successfully got a restraining order against Fabricio Luis Mariotto, who she said tried to scare her family in order to elicit reactionary photographs. • The order mandates that Mariotto stay 100 yards from the family. • Richie said that Mariotto “drives erratically around my children and others, yells, screams and attempts to scare us so that he can photograph our reactions.“ • Princess Diana's death in a 1997 Paris car accident has been widely blamed on paparazzi who were chasing the car. • Originally, nine photographers were charged with manslaughter, but in 2002, they were found not guilty. • Three of the photographers were later charged in 2006, with invasion of privacy, but they were fined only 1 euro.
- 24. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! How media is controlled • In the United States, every major media corporation is privately owned and funded. The publicly funded ones are generally dedicated to culture and public affairs, such as the Hispanic Information and Telecommunications Network. • The ARD and ZDF networks, both of which are publicly owned and funded, dominate German television, while German newspaper companies are privately owned. • In Britain, broadcast media is dominated by the BBC and Channel 4, both of which are public firms, though they face competition from the privately owned ITV, Five and Virgin Media Television. • British newspapers are privately owned.
- 25. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! Kate Middleton Scandal • Police yesterday raided the offices of French magazine Closer in the hunt for the photographer who took topless pictures of the Duchess of Cambridge. • Detectives confirmed they were looking for evidence at Closer’s Paris headquarters ‘which might lead to the identity’ of the paparazzi photographer responsible. • But as they searched for evidence a Swedish magazine was publishing the intimate photographs. • Interestingly the photographs were banned from being published anywhere in the UK. • This says a lot about the amount of power that he royal family has over what is published. • This brings up the debate on whether what we see in the media is a true interpretation.
- 26. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! The role of the audience • Different people experience the same media message differently. • Audiences play a role in interpreting media texts because each audience member brings to the media text a unique set of life experiences (age, gender, education, cultural upbringing, etc.) • When applied to the text this creates unique interpretations. • A World War II veteran, for example, brings a different set of experiences to a movie like Saving Private Ryan than any other audience member resulting in a different reaction to the film as well as, perhaps, greater insight. • The more questions we can ask about what we are experiencing around us, the more alert we can be about accepting or rejecting messages. • Research indicates that, over time, children of all ages can learn age-appropriate skills that give them a new set of glasses with which they can “read” and interpret their media culture. • Many tabloid newspapers and gossip websites earn millions just by reporting anything and everything about celebrities and as long as this sort of news is in demand by the public, celebrities will be made.
- 27. reseArCh on toPiC-PAPArAzzi And the mediA! What is a celebrity? • The entertainment industry is the largest supplier and host of celebrities. • Those involved in this business are typically talented, attractive and charismatic. • They’ve learnt the art of appealing to masses; it’s their job. Celebrity Endorsement • Celebrity endorsements have proven very successful around the world where, due to increasing consumerism, an individual is considered a status symbol when they purchase a celebrity-endorsed product. • The analysis identifies that celebrity endorsers may have a significant impact on the perceived target market for a product, highlighting their potential role in repositioning a brand. • However, the celebrity may crowd out the endorsed product. • The role of personal liking is critical, although this is ignored in existing source models of celebrity endorsement.
- 28. develoPing PotentiAl toPiC 2 – PAPArAzzi • A) What is the purpose of the documentary? The purpose of the documentary is to explore the effect that the media has on society and how celebrities are effected by the paparazzi. • B) What would people learn about this topic from your documentary? People will learn about the different laws surrounding privacy. How and what rules to paparazzi photographers break when getting pictures of celebrities. The effect of paparazzi on celebrities. What effect the media has on society. How an audience has control over the media.
- 29. develoPing PotentiAl toPiC 2 – PAPArAzzi •D) Who is the audience, target audience, secondary audience? Niche or mass - why? The target audience will be mass as the media is something that effects anyone and everyone because it is everywhere. However perhaps young female viewers might be a little more drawn in due to the fact that they tend to have more of an interest in the world of celebrities and famous people. With that said, the is also room for a male audience as the topic also explores the different laws and how they are breached by paparazzi. •E) What style of documentary is it? (observatory, participatory, informative, persuasive etc) Explain why/how. It is an informative documentary because it will be exploring different debates concerning paparazzi and the law and also how we are effected my media. Therefore it will inform people of the positives and negatives E.g. do paparazzi increase fame or disrupt lives and cause stress?
- 30. PAPArAzzi- series ePisodes! Episode 1: •The laws within paparazzi - Different rules for different countries? - The power that the royal family have on the media. - Photos of Kate only published in France. - what laws are breached in order to get photos? - Why do laws change for people in the public eye? Episode 2: •The role of the audience - Do the public create celebrities? - Are audiences in control of what is shown in the media? Public demand? - Are our perceptions of people in the public eye altered by whoever is in control? Are celebrities portrayed in a reliable way? Episode 3: •The effects of paparazzi - Do they increase fame? Publicity stunts? Celebrity scandals help publicity. Is there a difference between good publicity and bad publicity? - When its too excessive does it have a negative impact? E.g. Princess Diana and Britney Spears. - When does it turn into stalking? - Some celebrities are bombarded with paparazzi and can even get physically hurt.