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Jenny Huoy Miin

This document describes a survey conducted by a group of students at Taylor's University on understanding of HIV/AIDS among male and female students. The group surveyed 300 students total, with 150 males and 150 females. They collected data through survey forms with questions about causes, symptoms and transmission of HIV/AIDS. The group then analyzed the data by calculating responses, creating tables and charts. Their analysis compared understanding levels between genders.

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0 SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN FOUNDATION IN NATURAL BUILD ENVIRONMENT AUGUST 2014 MODULE: MATHEMATICS [MTH10304] ASSIGNMENT: STATISTICS GROUP MEMBERS: NAMES STUDENT ID PANG KAI YUN 0391802 SAM WEI YIN 0320364 TRACE GEW YEE 0320369 NG HUOY MIIN 0319097 LIEW POH KA 0320424 CHONG JIA YI 0320869 LECTURER: MS ANN SEE PENG SUBMISSION DATE: 1 JUNE 2015
Content No. Title Page 1. Introduction 2 2. Objective 3 3. Methodology 4 4. Survey Forms (Empty) 6 5. Survey Forms (Answer) 7 6. Survey Forms (Responded) 8 7. Analysis 310 8. Conclusion 331
Introduction Our survey is focused on one of the common chronic diseases in Malaysia, which are HIV and AIDS. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a chronic, potentially life- threatening condition caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). By damaging your immune system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight the organisms that cause disease. HIV has become one of most serious health and development challenges in Malaysia. HIV/AIDS was first diagnosed in Malaysia in 1986 by the Ministry of Health. At the end of 2013, Malaysia was estimated to have 86,332 people living with HIV. By the end of 2013, Malaysia had reported a cumulative 101,672 HIV cases, 20,235 AIDS cases and 16,340 deaths related to HIV/AIDS. Every day almost 10 Malaysians are diagnosed HIV positive In this project, we need to study the understanding level of male students and female students of Taylor’s University on HIV/AIDS. We need to compare how much male and female students understand about HIV/AIDS. We had prepared some questions and fact about HIV/AIDS such as, the cause of HIV/AIDS, symptoms of HIV/AIDS and effect of HIV/AIDS. From the feedback of the students, we need to analyse and find out which gender in Taylor’s University is more understand about HIV/AIDS.
Objective The main objective of this project is to conduct a survey to investigate the understanding level of male students and female students of Taylor’s University on HIV/AIDS. Through the survey, we need to collect data and organize statistical data. From the data collected, we need to analyse the data and draw conclusion from the data. Moreover, we need to solve problems that involve various mathematical principles. We need to understand and apply mathematical principles involved to solve the problem.
Methodology Since we are targeting 300 students of Taylor’s University, we need to divide our target into 150 male students and 150 of female students. Each of us was responsible to survey 50 students. We walked around every level of Block C, D and E. When we saw students who are waiting outside the classroom or in the classroom, we walked towards them. Besides, we also walked around every level of the library to give out the survey form. Before we gave out the survey form, we will ask them whether they are free to help us to fill up the survey form. If they are free, we will briefly explain the purpose of the survey to them. One of our members is explaining the purpose of the survey. A student is filling up the survey form in the classroom The students are filling up the survey form outside the classroom.
The students are filling up the survey form in the library. We spent 1 week to finish all the survey form. After we finished collecting all the survey form, we started to do our analysis. We divided our task equally between the members. Two members calculated all the data collected and conduct into a table. From the table, three members analysed the table and conduct into bar chart. One of the members who are good in designing was responsible for designing the poster. Two of the group members is calcultaing the data collected. One of the group members is analysing the data.
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Foundation in Natural and Built Environments MATHEMATICS [MTH30104] Thissurvey is to fulfil the purposeof our Mathematics’project.Participationinvoluntaryandthe information gatheredwillbe kept confidential. HIV / AIDS SURVEY QUESTIONAIRE Gender: Male / Female 1. When is World AIDS Day? A. 25 January B. 3 April C. 1 December 2. What is the colour of the awareness ribbon for HIV/AIDS? A. Pink B. Yellow C. Red D. Blue 3. What is HIV? A. A virus B. A bacterium C. A fungus 4. What does HIV stand for? A. Human Immunodeficiency Virus B. Harmful Intravenous Virus C. Human Injury Vaccine 5. How many strains of HIV are there? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four 6. HIV and AIDS are the same thing. A. Yes B. No 7. Who can get infected with HIV/AIDS? A. Adults B. Children C. Infant D. Anyone 8. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. A. Yes B. No 9. A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarily have AIDS A. Yes B. No
10. How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? A. Sexual contact B. Casual contact 11. How long does it take for AIDS to develop? A. 2 years B. 5 years C. 10 years 12. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS? A. There are no specific symptoms B. A rash from head to toe C. You start to look very tired 13. AIDS can be diagnosed immediately. A. Yes B. No 14. Which protects you most against HIV infection? A. Condoms B. Contraceptive pills C. Spermicide jelly 15. HIV test is the only way to know if a person has HIV/AIDS. A. Yes B. No 16. What kinds of HIV/AIDS tests are available? A. Oral fluid test B. Blood test C. Urine test D. All of the above 17. A HIV positive person can have normal children A. Yes B. No 18. HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. A. Yes B. No 19. Is it possible to lower the risk of an HIV positive woman infecting her baby? A. Yes B. No 20. There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS. A. Yes B. No 21. There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS. A. Yes B. No THANK YOU !
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Foundation in Natural and Built Environments MATHEMATICS [MTH30104] Thissurvey is to fulfil the purposeof our Mathematics’project.Participationinvoluntaryandthe information gatheredwillbe kept confidential. HIV / AIDS SURVEY QUESTIONAIRE Gender: Male / Female 1. When is World AIDS Day? D. 25 January E. 3 April F. 1 December 2. What is the colour of the awareness ribbon for HIV/AIDS? E. Pink F. Yellow G. Red H. Blue 3. What is HIV? D. A virus E. A bacterium F. A fungus 4. What does HIV stand for? D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus E. Harmful Intravenous Virus F. Human Injury Vaccine 5. How many strains of HIV are there? E. One F. Two G. Three H. Four 6. HIV and AIDS are the same thing. C. Yes D. No 7. Who can get infected with HIV/AIDS? E. Adults F. Children G. Infant H. Anyone 8. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. C. Yes D. No 9. A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarily have AIDS C. Yes D. No
10. How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? C. Sexual contact D. Casual contact 11. How long does it take for AIDS to develop? D. 2 years E. 5 years F. 10 years 12. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS? D. There are no specific symptoms E. A rash from head to toe F. You start to look very tired 13. AIDS can be diagnosed immediately. C. Yes D. No 14. Which protects you most against HIV infection? D. Condoms E. Contraceptive pills F. Spermicide jelly 15. HIV test is the only way to know if a person has HIV/AIDS. C. Yes D. No 16. What kinds of HIV/AIDS tests are available? E. Oral fluid test F. Blood test G. Urine test H. All of the above 17. A HIV positive person can have normal children C. Yes D. No 18. HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. C. Yes D. No 19. Is it possible to lower the risk of an HIV positive woman infecting her baby? C. Yes D. No 20. There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS. C. Yes D. No 21. There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS. C. Yes D. No THANK YOU !
Male students Question A B C D Total 1 20 32 98 - 150 2 26 12 108 4 150 3 117 21 12 150 4 105 29 16 - 150 5 24 66 36 24 150 6 33 117 - - 150 7 8 2 1 139 150 8 101 49 - - 150 9 100 50 - - 150 10 131 19 - - 150 11 63 22 65 - 150 12 80 32 38 - 150 13 36 114 - - 150 14 114 18 18 - 150 15 111 39 - - 150 16 5 55 2 88 150 17 100 50 - - 150 18 103 47 - - 150 19 102 48 - - 150 20 105 45 - - 150 21 94 56 - - 150 Female students Question A B C D Total 1 20 35 95 - 150 2 33 9 103 5 150 3 134 9 7 - 150 4 126 15 9 - 150 5 18 68 45 19 150 6 37 113 - - 150 7 10 0 1 139 150 8 112 38 - - 150 9 113 37 - - 150 10 135 15 - - 150 11 47 39 64 - 150 12 87 31 32 - 150 13 31 119 - - 150 14 124 15 11 - 150 15 119 31 - - 150 16 2 65 3 80 150 17 106 44 - - 150 18 124 26 - - 150 19 87 63 - - 150 20 96 54 - - 150 21 103 47 - - 150 Analysis
1. When is World AIDS Day? Answer: 1 December World AIDS Day is held on 1 December each year and is an opportunity for people worldwide to unite in the fight against HIV, show their support for people living with HIV and to commemorate people who have died. World AIDS Day was the first ever global health day and the first one was held in 1988. Males Frequency, f 25 January 3 April 1 December 20 32 98 Mode = 1 December Females Frequency, f 25 January 3 April 1 December 20 35 95 Mode = 1 December 20 20 32 35 98 95 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females World AIDS Day 25-Jan 03-Apr 01-Dec
2. What is the colourof the awarenessribbon for HIV/AIDS? Answer: Red Pink is most commonly associated with breast cancer awareness. Yellow is commonly seen as a symbol to support our troops and to give us hope. However, it is also a symbol for POW/MIA (Prisoners of War, Missing in Action), suicide prevention, bone cancer, and endometriosis. The blue awareness ribbon is a symbol of drunk driving and child abuse. Males Frequency, f Pink Yellow Red Blue 26 12 108 4 Mode = Red Females Frequency, f Pink Yellow Red Blue 33 9 103 5 Mode = Red 26 33 12 9 108 103 4 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females Colour of the awareness ribbon for HIV/AIDS Pink Yellow Red Blue
3. What is HIV? Answer: A virus HIV is a virus. Like all viruses, HIV cannot grow or reproduce on its own. In order to make new copies of itself it must infect the cells of a living organism. Males Frequency, f A virus A bacterium A fungus 117 21 12 Mode: A virus Females Frequency, f A virus A bacterium A fungus 134 9 7 Mode: A virus 117 134 21 912 70 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Males Females Types of HIV Virus Bacterium Fungus
4. What does HIV stand for? Answer: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the full term for HIV, which means that HIV weakens the body's immune system. Males Frequency, f Human Immunodeficiency Virus Harmful Intravenous Virus Human Injury Vaccine 105 29 16 Mode : Human Immunodeficiency Virus Females Frequency, f Human Immunodeficiency Virus Harmful Intravenous Virus Human Injury Vaccine 126 15 9 Mode : Human Immunodeficiency Virus 105 126 29 1516 90 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus Harmful Intravenous Virus Human Injury Vaccine
5. How many strains of HIV are there? Answer: Two There are two main strains of HIV: HIV-1 that has caused the majority of infections and AIDS cases and HIV-2, which is concentrated in selected countries. Males Frequency, f One Two Three Four 24 66 36 24 Mode : Two Females Frequency, f One Two Three Four 18 68 45 19 Mode : Two 24 18 66 68 36 45 24 19 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Males Females Number of strains of HIV One Two Three Four
6. HIV and AIDS are the same thing. Answer: No No. They are not the same thing. HIV is the virus that infects a person. AIDS is the disease that later develops in people with HIV. Males Frequency, f Yes No 33 117 Mode : No Females Frequency, f Yes No 37 113 Mode : No 33 37 117 113 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV and AIDS are the same thing Yes No
7. Who can get infected with HIV/AIDS? Answer: Anyone HIV can affect anyone from any part of the world, no matter whether they are gay, straight, old or young. Males Frequency, f Adults Children Infant Anyone 8 2 1 139 Mode : Anyone Females Frequency, f Adults Children Infant Anyone 10 0 1 139 Mode : Anyone 8 10 2 01 1 139 139 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Males Females People that can infected with HIV/AIDS Adults Children Infant Anyone
8. AIDS is the final stage ofHIV infection. Answer: Yes There are three stages of HIV infection. The first stage is acute HIV infection, second stage is chronic HIV infection and the third stage is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Males Frequency, f Yes No 101 49 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 112 38 Mode : Yes 101 112 49 38 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection Yes No
9. A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarilyhave AIDS. Answer: Yes Being HIV-positive does not necessarily mean you have AIDS. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV disease. If you are diagnosed early, start treatment, and adhere to your medication, you can stay healthy and prevent the virus from developing into AIDS. Males Frequency, f Yes No 100 50 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 113 37 Mode : Yes 100 113 50 37 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarily have AIDS Yes No
10. How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? Answer: Sexual contact A person can get infected from sexual contact with someone who is infected with HIV such as having sex or sharing injection drug equipment such as needles with someone who has HIV. HIV is not spread through casual contact like sharing a drinking glass, sitting on a toilet seat, or holding hands. Males Frequency, f Sexual contact Casual contact 131 19 Mode : Sexual contact Females Frequency, f Sexual contact Casual contact 135 15 Mode : Sexual contact 131 135 19 15 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Males Females Ways of HIV/AIDS transmit Sexual contact Casual contact
11. How long does it take for AIDS to develop? Answer: 10 years Persons with HIV can develop signs of infection anywhere from months to years after being infected. About half of the people with HIV develop AIDS within 10 years, but the time between infection with HIV and the onset of AIDS can vary greatly. Males Frequency, f 2 years 5 years 10 years 62 22 65 Mode : 10 years Females Frequency, f 2 years 5 years 10 years 47 39 64 Mode : 10 years 62 47 22 39 65 64 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Males Females Number of years for AIDS to develop 2 years 5 years 10 years
12. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS? Answer: There are no specific symptoms There is no way of telling if a person is HIV positive just by looking as here are no specific symptoms of HIV. The symptoms of HIV and AIDS vary, depending on the phase of infection. Males Frequency, f You start to look very tired A rash from head to toe There are no specific symptoms 80 32 38 Mode : You start to look very tired Females Frequency, f You start to look very tired A rash from head to toe There are no specific symptoms 87 31 32 Mode : You start to look very tired 80 87 32 31 38 32 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Males Females Specific symptoms of AIDS There are no specific symptoms A rash from head to toe You start to look very tired
13. AIDS can be diagnosedimmediately. Answer: No AIDS cannot be diagnosed immediately. The only way to know for sure if a person is infected with HIV/AIDS is to get tested. Males Frequency, f Yes No 36 114 Mode : No Females Frequency, f Yes No 31 119 Mode : No 36 31 114 119 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females AIDS can be diagnosed immediately Yes No
14. Which protects you most againstHIV infection? Answer: Condoms Condoms are the most effective way to protect against transmission of HIV and other STDs during sex. Contraceptive pills are a kind of medication that women can take daily to prevent pregnancy. Spermicide jelly is a birth control method that contains chemicals that stop sperm from moving. Males Frequency, f Condoms Contraceptive pills Spermicide jelly 114 18 19 Mode : Condoms Females Frequency, f Condoms Contraceptive pills Spermicide jelly 124 15 11 Mode : Condoms 114 124 18 1519 11 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females Ways to against HIV infection Condoms Contraceptive pills Spermicide jelly
15. HIV test is the only way to know if a personhas HIV/AIDS. Answer: Yes The only way to know if you are infected is to be tested for HIV infection. You cannot rely on symptoms to know whether or not you are infected. Many people who are infected with HIV do not have any symptoms at all for 10 years or more. Males Frequency, f Yes No 111 39 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 119 31 Mode : Yes 111 119 39 31 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV test is the only way to know if a person has HIV/AIDS Yes No
16. What kinds of HIV/AIDS tests are available? Answer: All of above Oral fluid test, blood test and urine test all are known as antibody tests. When a person is infected with HIV, their body responds by producing special proteins to fight the infection called antibodies. A HIV antibody test looks for these antibodies in blood, saliva or urine. If antibodies to HIV are detected, it means a person has been infected with HIV. Males Frequency, f Oral Fluid Test Blood Test Urine Test All of above 5 55 2 88 Mode : All of above Females Frequency, f Oral Fluid Test Blood Test Urine Test All of above 2 65 3 80 Mode : All of above 5 2 55 65 2 3 88 80 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Males Females Types of HIV/AID tests Oral Fluid Test Blood Test Urine Test All of above
17. A HIV positive person canhave normal children. Answer: Yes Many HIV positive women are having healthy HIV negative babies by using combination therapy (ARV’s) during pregnancy. This reduces the risk of transmission to the baby to less than 1%, if the mother’s viral load is undetectable when the baby is born. Males Frequency, f Yes No 100 50 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 106 44 Mode : Yes 100 106 50 44 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females A HIV positive person can have normal children Yes No
18. HIV can be passedfrom mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. Answer: Yes HIV-positive mothers can transmit HIV to their babies. This is called “mother-to-child transmission.” (It is also called “perinatal" or "vertical transmission.”) . Mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the most common way young children contract the virus. Males Frequency, f Yes No 103 47 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 124 26 Mode : Yes 103 124 47 26 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV can be passedfrom mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding Yes No
19. Is it possible to lower the risk of an HIV positive womaninfecting her baby? Answer: Yes There are antiretroviral drugs that can protect babies from HIV infection. When an HIV- positive mother receives antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy, labor, and delivery; has her baby by Caesarian section; and avoids breastfeeding, the chance of passing the infection to her baby falls to less than 2%. Males Frequency, f Yes No 102 48 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 87 63 Mode : Yes 102 87 48 63 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females Possibility to lower the risk of an HIV positive woman infecting her baby Yes No
20. There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS. Answer: Yes There are treatments in the form of anti-retroviral therapy can improve the immune system. These drugs suppress HIV virus replication, thus delaying the spread of HIV in the body and the onset of AIDS. Males Frequency, f Yes No 105 96 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 96 54 Mode : Yes 105 96 45 54 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS Yes No
21. There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS. Answer: Yes There is no cure and no vaccine for HIV/AIDS. HIV is a very small virus that has the ability to create minor variations that evade the body's immunologic defences, which makes it difficult to make an effective vaccine. The mutations also allow HIV to become resistant to medications. It is important to be aware of prevention methods such as safe sex to protect yourself. Males Frequency, f Yes No 94 56 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 103 47 Mode : Yes 94 103 56 47 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS Yes No
Male students Question A B C D Total 1 13.3% 21.3% 65.4% - 100% 2 17.3% 8% 72% 2.7% 100% 3 78% 14% 8% - 100% 4 70% 19.3% 10.7% - 100% 5 16% 44% 24% 16% 100% 6 22% 78% - - 100% 7 5.3% 1.3% 0.7% 92.7% 100% 8 67.3% 32.7% - - 100% 9 66.7% 33.3% - - 100% 10 87.3% 12.7% - - 100% 11 42% 14.7% 43.3% - 100% 12 53.4% 21.3% 25.3% - 100% 13 24% 76% - - 100% 14 76% 12% 12% - 100% 15 74% 26% - - 100% 16 3.3% 36.7% 1.3% 58.7% 100% 17 66.7% 33.3% - - 100% 18 68.7% 31.3% - - 100% 19 68% 32% - - 100% 20 70% 30% - - 100% 21 62.7% 37.3% - - 100% Female students Question A B C D Total 1 13.3% 23.3% 63.4% - 100% 2 22% 6% 68.7% 3.3% 100% 3 89.3% 6% 4.7% - 100% 4 84% 10% 6% - 100% 5 12% 45.3% 30% 12.7% 100% 6 24.7% 75.3% - - 100% 7 6.7% 0% 0.6% 92.7% 100% 8 74.7% 25.3% - - 100% 9 75.3% 24.7% - - 100% 10 90% 10% - - 100% 11 31.3% 26% 42.7% - 100% 12 58% 20.7% 21.3% - 100% 13 20.7% 79.3% - - 100% 14 82.7% 10% 7.3% - 100% 15 79.3% 20.7% - - 100% 16 1.3% 43.3% 2% 53.4% 100% 17 70.7% 29.3% - - 100% 18 82.7% 17.3% - - 100% 19 58% 42% - - 100% 20 64% 36% - - 100% 21 68.7% 31.3% - - 100%
Assume 100% = 1 marks. Total percentage of male students = 65.4% + 72% + 78% + 70% + 44% + 78% + 92.7% + 67.3% + 66.7% + 87.3% + 43.3% + 53.4% + 76% + 76% + 74% + 58.7% + 66.7% + 68.7% + 68% + 70% + 62.7% = 1438.9% Total marks of male students = 14.389 marks Total percentage of female students = 63.4% + 68.7% + 89.3% + 84% + 45.3% + 75.3% + 92.7% + 74.7% + 75.3% + 90% + 42.7% + 58% + 79.3% + 82.7% + 79.3% + 53.4% + 70.7% + 82.7% + 58% + 64% + 68.7% = 1498.2% Total marks of female students = 14.982 marks Difference between male students and female students = 14.982 – 14.389 = 0.593
Conclusion In conclusion, the understanding level of male students and female students of Taylor’s University about HIV/AIDS are both equal. The total mark of female students is 14.982 out of 21. The total mark of male students is 14.389 out of 21. The difference between female students and male students is 0.593. Although the female students score a higher marks than the males students, but the difference between the male students and female students is not too big. Both male students and female students understanding level about HIV/AIDS are the same.

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Assignment e-portfolio

  • 1. 0 SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN FOUNDATION IN NATURAL BUILD ENVIRONMENT AUGUST 2014 MODULE: MATHEMATICS [MTH10304] ASSIGNMENT: STATISTICS GROUP MEMBERS: NAMES STUDENT ID PANG KAI YUN 0391802 SAM WEI YIN 0320364 TRACE GEW YEE 0320369 NG HUOY MIIN 0319097 LIEW POH KA 0320424 CHONG JIA YI 0320869 LECTURER: MS ANN SEE PENG SUBMISSION DATE: 1 JUNE 2015
  • 2. Content No. Title Page 1. Introduction 2 2. Objective 3 3. Methodology 4 4. Survey Forms (Empty) 6 5. Survey Forms (Answer) 7 6. Survey Forms (Responded) 8 7. Analysis 310 8. Conclusion 331
  • 3. Introduction Our survey is focused on one of the common chronic diseases in Malaysia, which are HIV and AIDS. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a chronic, potentially life- threatening condition caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). By damaging your immune system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight the organisms that cause disease. HIV has become one of most serious health and development challenges in Malaysia. HIV/AIDS was first diagnosed in Malaysia in 1986 by the Ministry of Health. At the end of 2013, Malaysia was estimated to have 86,332 people living with HIV. By the end of 2013, Malaysia had reported a cumulative 101,672 HIV cases, 20,235 AIDS cases and 16,340 deaths related to HIV/AIDS. Every day almost 10 Malaysians are diagnosed HIV positive In this project, we need to study the understanding level of male students and female students of Taylor’s University on HIV/AIDS. We need to compare how much male and female students understand about HIV/AIDS. We had prepared some questions and fact about HIV/AIDS such as, the cause of HIV/AIDS, symptoms of HIV/AIDS and effect of HIV/AIDS. From the feedback of the students, we need to analyse and find out which gender in Taylor’s University is more understand about HIV/AIDS.
  • 4. Objective The main objective of this project is to conduct a survey to investigate the understanding level of male students and female students of Taylor’s University on HIV/AIDS. Through the survey, we need to collect data and organize statistical data. From the data collected, we need to analyse the data and draw conclusion from the data. Moreover, we need to solve problems that involve various mathematical principles. We need to understand and apply mathematical principles involved to solve the problem.
  • 5. Methodology Since we are targeting 300 students of Taylor’s University, we need to divide our target into 150 male students and 150 of female students. Each of us was responsible to survey 50 students. We walked around every level of Block C, D and E. When we saw students who are waiting outside the classroom or in the classroom, we walked towards them. Besides, we also walked around every level of the library to give out the survey form. Before we gave out the survey form, we will ask them whether they are free to help us to fill up the survey form. If they are free, we will briefly explain the purpose of the survey to them. One of our members is explaining the purpose of the survey. A student is filling up the survey form in the classroom The students are filling up the survey form outside the classroom.
  • 6. The students are filling up the survey form in the library. We spent 1 week to finish all the survey form. After we finished collecting all the survey form, we started to do our analysis. We divided our task equally between the members. Two members calculated all the data collected and conduct into a table. From the table, three members analysed the table and conduct into bar chart. One of the members who are good in designing was responsible for designing the poster. Two of the group members is calcultaing the data collected. One of the group members is analysing the data.
  • 7. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Foundation in Natural and Built Environments MATHEMATICS [MTH30104] Thissurvey is to fulfil the purposeof our Mathematics’project.Participationinvoluntaryandthe information gatheredwillbe kept confidential. HIV / AIDS SURVEY QUESTIONAIRE Gender: Male / Female 1. When is World AIDS Day? A. 25 January B. 3 April C. 1 December 2. What is the colour of the awareness ribbon for HIV/AIDS? A. Pink B. Yellow C. Red D. Blue 3. What is HIV? A. A virus B. A bacterium C. A fungus 4. What does HIV stand for? A. Human Immunodeficiency Virus B. Harmful Intravenous Virus C. Human Injury Vaccine 5. How many strains of HIV are there? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four 6. HIV and AIDS are the same thing. A. Yes B. No 7. Who can get infected with HIV/AIDS? A. Adults B. Children C. Infant D. Anyone 8. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. A. Yes B. No 9. A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarily have AIDS A. Yes B. No
  • 8. 10. How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? A. Sexual contact B. Casual contact 11. How long does it take for AIDS to develop? A. 2 years B. 5 years C. 10 years 12. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS? A. There are no specific symptoms B. A rash from head to toe C. You start to look very tired 13. AIDS can be diagnosed immediately. A. Yes B. No 14. Which protects you most against HIV infection? A. Condoms B. Contraceptive pills C. Spermicide jelly 15. HIV test is the only way to know if a person has HIV/AIDS. A. Yes B. No 16. What kinds of HIV/AIDS tests are available? A. Oral fluid test B. Blood test C. Urine test D. All of the above 17. A HIV positive person can have normal children A. Yes B. No 18. HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. A. Yes B. No 19. Is it possible to lower the risk of an HIV positive woman infecting her baby? A. Yes B. No 20. There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS. A. Yes B. No 21. There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS. A. Yes B. No THANK YOU !
  • 9. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Foundation in Natural and Built Environments MATHEMATICS [MTH30104] Thissurvey is to fulfil the purposeof our Mathematics’project.Participationinvoluntaryandthe information gatheredwillbe kept confidential. HIV / AIDS SURVEY QUESTIONAIRE Gender: Male / Female 1. When is World AIDS Day? D. 25 January E. 3 April F. 1 December 2. What is the colour of the awareness ribbon for HIV/AIDS? E. Pink F. Yellow G. Red H. Blue 3. What is HIV? D. A virus E. A bacterium F. A fungus 4. What does HIV stand for? D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus E. Harmful Intravenous Virus F. Human Injury Vaccine 5. How many strains of HIV are there? E. One F. Two G. Three H. Four 6. HIV and AIDS are the same thing. C. Yes D. No 7. Who can get infected with HIV/AIDS? E. Adults F. Children G. Infant H. Anyone 8. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. C. Yes D. No 9. A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarily have AIDS C. Yes D. No
  • 10. 10. How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? C. Sexual contact D. Casual contact 11. How long does it take for AIDS to develop? D. 2 years E. 5 years F. 10 years 12. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS? D. There are no specific symptoms E. A rash from head to toe F. You start to look very tired 13. AIDS can be diagnosed immediately. C. Yes D. No 14. Which protects you most against HIV infection? D. Condoms E. Contraceptive pills F. Spermicide jelly 15. HIV test is the only way to know if a person has HIV/AIDS. C. Yes D. No 16. What kinds of HIV/AIDS tests are available? E. Oral fluid test F. Blood test G. Urine test H. All of the above 17. A HIV positive person can have normal children C. Yes D. No 18. HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. C. Yes D. No 19. Is it possible to lower the risk of an HIV positive woman infecting her baby? C. Yes D. No 20. There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS. C. Yes D. No 21. There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS. C. Yes D. No THANK YOU !
  • 11. Male students Question A B C D Total 1 20 32 98 - 150 2 26 12 108 4 150 3 117 21 12 150 4 105 29 16 - 150 5 24 66 36 24 150 6 33 117 - - 150 7 8 2 1 139 150 8 101 49 - - 150 9 100 50 - - 150 10 131 19 - - 150 11 63 22 65 - 150 12 80 32 38 - 150 13 36 114 - - 150 14 114 18 18 - 150 15 111 39 - - 150 16 5 55 2 88 150 17 100 50 - - 150 18 103 47 - - 150 19 102 48 - - 150 20 105 45 - - 150 21 94 56 - - 150 Female students Question A B C D Total 1 20 35 95 - 150 2 33 9 103 5 150 3 134 9 7 - 150 4 126 15 9 - 150 5 18 68 45 19 150 6 37 113 - - 150 7 10 0 1 139 150 8 112 38 - - 150 9 113 37 - - 150 10 135 15 - - 150 11 47 39 64 - 150 12 87 31 32 - 150 13 31 119 - - 150 14 124 15 11 - 150 15 119 31 - - 150 16 2 65 3 80 150 17 106 44 - - 150 18 124 26 - - 150 19 87 63 - - 150 20 96 54 - - 150 21 103 47 - - 150 Analysis
  • 12. 1. When is World AIDS Day? Answer: 1 December World AIDS Day is held on 1 December each year and is an opportunity for people worldwide to unite in the fight against HIV, show their support for people living with HIV and to commemorate people who have died. World AIDS Day was the first ever global health day and the first one was held in 1988. Males Frequency, f 25 January 3 April 1 December 20 32 98 Mode = 1 December Females Frequency, f 25 January 3 April 1 December 20 35 95 Mode = 1 December 20 20 32 35 98 95 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females World AIDS Day 25-Jan 03-Apr 01-Dec
  • 13. 2. What is the colourof the awarenessribbon for HIV/AIDS? Answer: Red Pink is most commonly associated with breast cancer awareness. Yellow is commonly seen as a symbol to support our troops and to give us hope. However, it is also a symbol for POW/MIA (Prisoners of War, Missing in Action), suicide prevention, bone cancer, and endometriosis. The blue awareness ribbon is a symbol of drunk driving and child abuse. Males Frequency, f Pink Yellow Red Blue 26 12 108 4 Mode = Red Females Frequency, f Pink Yellow Red Blue 33 9 103 5 Mode = Red 26 33 12 9 108 103 4 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females Colour of the awareness ribbon for HIV/AIDS Pink Yellow Red Blue
  • 14. 3. What is HIV? Answer: A virus HIV is a virus. Like all viruses, HIV cannot grow or reproduce on its own. In order to make new copies of itself it must infect the cells of a living organism. Males Frequency, f A virus A bacterium A fungus 117 21 12 Mode: A virus Females Frequency, f A virus A bacterium A fungus 134 9 7 Mode: A virus 117 134 21 912 70 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Males Females Types of HIV Virus Bacterium Fungus
  • 15. 4. What does HIV stand for? Answer: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the full term for HIV, which means that HIV weakens the body's immune system. Males Frequency, f Human Immunodeficiency Virus Harmful Intravenous Virus Human Injury Vaccine 105 29 16 Mode : Human Immunodeficiency Virus Females Frequency, f Human Immunodeficiency Virus Harmful Intravenous Virus Human Injury Vaccine 126 15 9 Mode : Human Immunodeficiency Virus 105 126 29 1516 90 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus Harmful Intravenous Virus Human Injury Vaccine
  • 16. 5. How many strains of HIV are there? Answer: Two There are two main strains of HIV: HIV-1 that has caused the majority of infections and AIDS cases and HIV-2, which is concentrated in selected countries. Males Frequency, f One Two Three Four 24 66 36 24 Mode : Two Females Frequency, f One Two Three Four 18 68 45 19 Mode : Two 24 18 66 68 36 45 24 19 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Males Females Number of strains of HIV One Two Three Four
  • 17. 6. HIV and AIDS are the same thing. Answer: No No. They are not the same thing. HIV is the virus that infects a person. AIDS is the disease that later develops in people with HIV. Males Frequency, f Yes No 33 117 Mode : No Females Frequency, f Yes No 37 113 Mode : No 33 37 117 113 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV and AIDS are the same thing Yes No
  • 18. 7. Who can get infected with HIV/AIDS? Answer: Anyone HIV can affect anyone from any part of the world, no matter whether they are gay, straight, old or young. Males Frequency, f Adults Children Infant Anyone 8 2 1 139 Mode : Anyone Females Frequency, f Adults Children Infant Anyone 10 0 1 139 Mode : Anyone 8 10 2 01 1 139 139 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Males Females People that can infected with HIV/AIDS Adults Children Infant Anyone
  • 19. 8. AIDS is the final stage ofHIV infection. Answer: Yes There are three stages of HIV infection. The first stage is acute HIV infection, second stage is chronic HIV infection and the third stage is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Males Frequency, f Yes No 101 49 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 112 38 Mode : Yes 101 112 49 38 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection Yes No
  • 20. 9. A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarilyhave AIDS. Answer: Yes Being HIV-positive does not necessarily mean you have AIDS. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV disease. If you are diagnosed early, start treatment, and adhere to your medication, you can stay healthy and prevent the virus from developing into AIDS. Males Frequency, f Yes No 100 50 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 113 37 Mode : Yes 100 113 50 37 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females A person may be HIV positive but might not necessarily have AIDS Yes No
  • 21. 10. How is HIV/AIDS transmitted? Answer: Sexual contact A person can get infected from sexual contact with someone who is infected with HIV such as having sex or sharing injection drug equipment such as needles with someone who has HIV. HIV is not spread through casual contact like sharing a drinking glass, sitting on a toilet seat, or holding hands. Males Frequency, f Sexual contact Casual contact 131 19 Mode : Sexual contact Females Frequency, f Sexual contact Casual contact 135 15 Mode : Sexual contact 131 135 19 15 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Males Females Ways of HIV/AIDS transmit Sexual contact Casual contact
  • 22. 11. How long does it take for AIDS to develop? Answer: 10 years Persons with HIV can develop signs of infection anywhere from months to years after being infected. About half of the people with HIV develop AIDS within 10 years, but the time between infection with HIV and the onset of AIDS can vary greatly. Males Frequency, f 2 years 5 years 10 years 62 22 65 Mode : 10 years Females Frequency, f 2 years 5 years 10 years 47 39 64 Mode : 10 years 62 47 22 39 65 64 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Males Females Number of years for AIDS to develop 2 years 5 years 10 years
  • 23. 12. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS? Answer: There are no specific symptoms There is no way of telling if a person is HIV positive just by looking as here are no specific symptoms of HIV. The symptoms of HIV and AIDS vary, depending on the phase of infection. Males Frequency, f You start to look very tired A rash from head to toe There are no specific symptoms 80 32 38 Mode : You start to look very tired Females Frequency, f You start to look very tired A rash from head to toe There are no specific symptoms 87 31 32 Mode : You start to look very tired 80 87 32 31 38 32 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Males Females Specific symptoms of AIDS There are no specific symptoms A rash from head to toe You start to look very tired
  • 24. 13. AIDS can be diagnosedimmediately. Answer: No AIDS cannot be diagnosed immediately. The only way to know for sure if a person is infected with HIV/AIDS is to get tested. Males Frequency, f Yes No 36 114 Mode : No Females Frequency, f Yes No 31 119 Mode : No 36 31 114 119 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females AIDS can be diagnosed immediately Yes No
  • 25. 14. Which protects you most againstHIV infection? Answer: Condoms Condoms are the most effective way to protect against transmission of HIV and other STDs during sex. Contraceptive pills are a kind of medication that women can take daily to prevent pregnancy. Spermicide jelly is a birth control method that contains chemicals that stop sperm from moving. Males Frequency, f Condoms Contraceptive pills Spermicide jelly 114 18 19 Mode : Condoms Females Frequency, f Condoms Contraceptive pills Spermicide jelly 124 15 11 Mode : Condoms 114 124 18 1519 11 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females Ways to against HIV infection Condoms Contraceptive pills Spermicide jelly
  • 26. 15. HIV test is the only way to know if a personhas HIV/AIDS. Answer: Yes The only way to know if you are infected is to be tested for HIV infection. You cannot rely on symptoms to know whether or not you are infected. Many people who are infected with HIV do not have any symptoms at all for 10 years or more. Males Frequency, f Yes No 111 39 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 119 31 Mode : Yes 111 119 39 31 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV test is the only way to know if a person has HIV/AIDS Yes No
  • 27. 16. What kinds of HIV/AIDS tests are available? Answer: All of above Oral fluid test, blood test and urine test all are known as antibody tests. When a person is infected with HIV, their body responds by producing special proteins to fight the infection called antibodies. A HIV antibody test looks for these antibodies in blood, saliva or urine. If antibodies to HIV are detected, it means a person has been infected with HIV. Males Frequency, f Oral Fluid Test Blood Test Urine Test All of above 5 55 2 88 Mode : All of above Females Frequency, f Oral Fluid Test Blood Test Urine Test All of above 2 65 3 80 Mode : All of above 5 2 55 65 2 3 88 80 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Males Females Types of HIV/AID tests Oral Fluid Test Blood Test Urine Test All of above
  • 28. 17. A HIV positive person canhave normal children. Answer: Yes Many HIV positive women are having healthy HIV negative babies by using combination therapy (ARV’s) during pregnancy. This reduces the risk of transmission to the baby to less than 1%, if the mother’s viral load is undetectable when the baby is born. Males Frequency, f Yes No 100 50 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 106 44 Mode : Yes 100 106 50 44 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females A HIV positive person can have normal children Yes No
  • 29. 18. HIV can be passedfrom mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. Answer: Yes HIV-positive mothers can transmit HIV to their babies. This is called “mother-to-child transmission.” (It is also called “perinatal" or "vertical transmission.”) . Mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the most common way young children contract the virus. Males Frequency, f Yes No 103 47 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 124 26 Mode : Yes 103 124 47 26 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Males Females HIV can be passedfrom mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding Yes No
  • 30. 19. Is it possible to lower the risk of an HIV positive womaninfecting her baby? Answer: Yes There are antiretroviral drugs that can protect babies from HIV infection. When an HIV- positive mother receives antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy, labor, and delivery; has her baby by Caesarian section; and avoids breastfeeding, the chance of passing the infection to her baby falls to less than 2%. Males Frequency, f Yes No 102 48 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 87 63 Mode : Yes 102 87 48 63 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females Possibility to lower the risk of an HIV positive woman infecting her baby Yes No
  • 31. 20. There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS. Answer: Yes There are treatments in the form of anti-retroviral therapy can improve the immune system. These drugs suppress HIV virus replication, thus delaying the spread of HIV in the body and the onset of AIDS. Males Frequency, f Yes No 105 96 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 96 54 Mode : Yes 105 96 45 54 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females There are treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS Yes No
  • 32. 21. There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS. Answer: Yes There is no cure and no vaccine for HIV/AIDS. HIV is a very small virus that has the ability to create minor variations that evade the body's immunologic defences, which makes it difficult to make an effective vaccine. The mutations also allow HIV to become resistant to medications. It is important to be aware of prevention methods such as safe sex to protect yourself. Males Frequency, f Yes No 94 56 Mode : Yes Females Frequency, f Yes No 103 47 Mode : Yes 94 103 56 47 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Males Females There is no vaccine and no cure for HIV/AIDS Yes No
  • 33. Male students Question A B C D Total 1 13.3% 21.3% 65.4% - 100% 2 17.3% 8% 72% 2.7% 100% 3 78% 14% 8% - 100% 4 70% 19.3% 10.7% - 100% 5 16% 44% 24% 16% 100% 6 22% 78% - - 100% 7 5.3% 1.3% 0.7% 92.7% 100% 8 67.3% 32.7% - - 100% 9 66.7% 33.3% - - 100% 10 87.3% 12.7% - - 100% 11 42% 14.7% 43.3% - 100% 12 53.4% 21.3% 25.3% - 100% 13 24% 76% - - 100% 14 76% 12% 12% - 100% 15 74% 26% - - 100% 16 3.3% 36.7% 1.3% 58.7% 100% 17 66.7% 33.3% - - 100% 18 68.7% 31.3% - - 100% 19 68% 32% - - 100% 20 70% 30% - - 100% 21 62.7% 37.3% - - 100% Female students Question A B C D Total 1 13.3% 23.3% 63.4% - 100% 2 22% 6% 68.7% 3.3% 100% 3 89.3% 6% 4.7% - 100% 4 84% 10% 6% - 100% 5 12% 45.3% 30% 12.7% 100% 6 24.7% 75.3% - - 100% 7 6.7% 0% 0.6% 92.7% 100% 8 74.7% 25.3% - - 100% 9 75.3% 24.7% - - 100% 10 90% 10% - - 100% 11 31.3% 26% 42.7% - 100% 12 58% 20.7% 21.3% - 100% 13 20.7% 79.3% - - 100% 14 82.7% 10% 7.3% - 100% 15 79.3% 20.7% - - 100% 16 1.3% 43.3% 2% 53.4% 100% 17 70.7% 29.3% - - 100% 18 82.7% 17.3% - - 100% 19 58% 42% - - 100% 20 64% 36% - - 100% 21 68.7% 31.3% - - 100%
  • 34. Assume 100% = 1 marks. Total percentage of male students = 65.4% + 72% + 78% + 70% + 44% + 78% + 92.7% + 67.3% + 66.7% + 87.3% + 43.3% + 53.4% + 76% + 76% + 74% + 58.7% + 66.7% + 68.7% + 68% + 70% + 62.7% = 1438.9% Total marks of male students = 14.389 marks Total percentage of female students = 63.4% + 68.7% + 89.3% + 84% + 45.3% + 75.3% + 92.7% + 74.7% + 75.3% + 90% + 42.7% + 58% + 79.3% + 82.7% + 79.3% + 53.4% + 70.7% + 82.7% + 58% + 64% + 68.7% = 1498.2% Total marks of female students = 14.982 marks Difference between male students and female students = 14.982 – 14.389 = 0.593
  • 35. Conclusion In conclusion, the understanding level of male students and female students of Taylor’s University about HIV/AIDS are both equal. The total mark of female students is 14.982 out of 21. The total mark of male students is 14.389 out of 21. The difference between female students and male students is 0.593. Although the female students score a higher marks than the males students, but the difference between the male students and female students is not too big. Both male students and female students understanding level about HIV/AIDS are the same.