Automotive navigation system
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This document discusses navigation systems and GPS. It provides an overview of how GPS works including its space segment of satellites, control segment of ground stations, and user segment of receivers. It describes how GPS uses triangulation of signals from multiple satellites to determine a user's position. It also discusses applications of navigation systems such as in automotive navigation to provide turn-by-turn directions, dynamic vehicle routing, and tracking rental cars.
Automotive navigation system
- 2. • Navigation system: Introduction • Navigation system Example • History •GPS •NAVIGATION MODES •APPLICATION OF NAVIGATION
- 3. •Automotive: This refers to automation in Automobiles … •Navigation: Positioning & Locating... •System: Combination of all i/p-o/p devices
- 5. Maptech Navigator 12” LCD display Touch screen GPS navigation Operational data
- 6. •Introduced in 1977 with electronic compass • In 1995 Mitsubishi Electric introduced an original route-guidance system in 1995. •Uses a 32-bit RISC processor, achieving the fastest route-calculating performance Now Automotive navigation system uses the GPS(Global Positioning System) system
- 7. •The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a worldwide radio-navigation system. •provide 24-hour three-dimensional position, velocity, and time information •The GPS is comprised of three segments Space Segment: the constellation of satellites Control Segment: control the satellites User Segment: users with receivers
- 8. Space Segment User Segment Control Segment Ground Antennas Master Station Monitor Stations
- 9. SPACE SEGMENT • 24 GPS space vehicles(SVs). • Satellites orbit the earth in 12 hrs. • 6 orbital planes inclined at 55 degrees with the equator. • This constellation provides 5 to 8 SVs from any point on the earth.
- 10. CONTROL SEGMENT
- 11. •It consists of receivers that decode the signals from the satellites. •The receiver performs following tasks: oSelecting one or more satellites oAcquiring GPS signals oMeasuring and tracking oRecovering navigation data
- 12. •There are two services SPS and PPS SPS - The Standard Positioning Service PPS - The Precise Position Service
- 13. HOW GPS WORKS? GPS works in 5 Step, step’s are as follows... TRIANGULATION MEASURING DISTANCE GETTING PERFECT TIMING SATELLITES POSITION DETERMINING A POSITION
- 14. GPS TRANSMITTED SIGNAL • Two signals are transmitted on carriers: L1 = 1575.42 MHz L2 = 1227.60 MHz • Modulation used is Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (code division multiple access - CDMA)
- 16. SPREAD SPECTRUM • Spread Spectrum is used because - resistance to jamming - masks the transmissions - resist multipath effects - multiple access • All 24 GPS satellites transmit on the same two frequencies BUT use a different ID sequence
- 17. • Position and coordinates. • The distance and direction between any two waypoints, or a position and a waypoint. • Travel progress reports. • Accurate time measurement.
- 18. • By knowing how far one is from three satellites one can ideally find their 3D coordinates
- 19. • 3D Navigation • At least 4 satellites • Computes latitude, longitude,altitude and time • 2D Navigation • Less than 4 satellites or fixed altitude is given • DGPS Navigation • Differential corrections are available through the auxiliary serial port
- 20. Active GOTO Waypoint N (0000) Desired Track (DTK) (xº) (CMG) (xº) N (00) Tracking (TRK) (xº) Active Course Made Good (CMG) Present From Location Waypoint
- 21. What’s a Car Navigation GPS satellite System GPS Receiver System BUS SDRAM Flash ROM TFT display CPU Graphic Renderer SDRAM Touch panel User Interface Decorder Audio LSI Remote controller Speaker Main Unit CD or DVD Drive Data Disc KIWI-W consortium
- 22. • A waypoint is starting or end point • Either a saved position fix or user entered • It can be created for any remote point on earth. • Unchanged until edit by user
- 23. Active GOTO N Waypoint Bearing = 780 COG = Bearing = 3500 XTE = 650 COG = 1/3 mi. 50 XTE = 1/2 mi. Bearing = 400 COG = 1040 XTE = 1/4 mi. Course Over Ground (COG) Location Where GOTO Bearing = Was Executed Cross Track Error (XTE) = =
- 25. APPLICATION OF NAVIGATION •Car Navigation •Dynamic Vehicle Routing •Tracking Rental Cars •Monitoring High Risk Auto Loans •Airline safety