AXENT-Everything-IDS

Everything You Need to Know About Intrusion Detection
© 1999 AXENT Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Everything You Need to Know
About Intrusion Detection
NetProwler
2400 Research Boulevard
Rockville, MD 20850
1-888-44-AXENT
www.axent.com

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and must not be
construed as a commitment on the part of AXENT Technologies, Inc. AXENT assumes
no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.
No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means— graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including
photocopying and recording— without the prior written permission of the copyright
owner.
© 1998-1999, AXENT Technologies, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
Additional copies of this document or other AXENT publications may be ordered from
your authorized distributor or directly from AXENT.
AXENT Technologies, Inc.
2400 Research Blvd. Suite 200
Rockville, MD 20850
1-888-44-AXENT
(301) 258-5043 (outside USA)
FAX: (301) 227-3745
Internet: www.axent.com
Trademarks used in this publication:
AXENT, AXENT Technologies, the AXENT logo, SNCi, Lifecycle Security,
Raptor, WebDefender, Intruder Alert, NetRecon, Privilege Manager, Enterprise
Security Manager, Enterprise Resource Manager, Resource Manager, Defender,
PowerVPN and Security Briefcase are trademarks or registered trademarks, in the
United States and certain other countries, of AXENT Technologies, Inc. or its
subsidiaries. Sun, Java, and Solaris are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.;
SPARC is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc.; UNIX is a registered
trademark licensed exclusively by X/Open Company, Ltd.; Microsoft, Windows,
Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation; ICSA is a
trademark of ICSA, Inc.; and all other product names and trademarks are the
property of their respective owners.

Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................ 1
Network Security: Still Incomplete..............................................................................1
2 WHAT IS INTRUSION DETECTION? ..................................................... 3
Types of Intrusion Detection Techniques.....................................................................3
Host-Based Intrusion Detection...................................................................................4
Network-Based Intrusion Detection.............................................................................7
3 STATEFUL DYNAMIC SIGNATURE INSPECTION (SDSI) IDS:........ 12
SSDI Pros................................................................................................................. 13
Advantages of SDSI IDS versus Built-in Signature Engine IDS ................................. 14
4 NETPROWLER: AN SDSI COMMERCIAL IMPLEMENTATION FOR
AN ADVANCED INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM .......................... 16
NetProwler Features ................................................................................................. 16
6 E-SECURITY: ENABLING E-BUSINESS............................................... 19
Lifecycle Security Solutions...................................................................................... 19
Lifecycle Security Services........................................................................................ 23

1
1 Introduction
In recent years computer security has been a topic of great interest
because of increased network usage and interconnectivity. Despite the
undeniable progress made in network and computer security over the
past few years, network devices and computers are still vulnerable from
inside as well as outside attack.
Network Security: Still Incomplete
Increased exposure to the Internet has made most organizations aware of
the dangers of a breach in network security. Most organizations have a
defensive wall in the form of a firewall which protects against unwanted
incoming traffic. However, network security solutions which can protect
a network efficiently from Internet, do not work as well for Intranet
security. Here are a few reasons why network security monitoring is
becoming an essential component of keeping the network running
smoothly:
Firewalls: An excellent first-line-of-defense
§ Firewall are the first step towards implementing an organizational
security policy
§ Excellent perimeter security
§ Mature products, proven techniques and useful enhancements such as
VPN and remote user authentication
§ However, Firewalls are mostly not suitable for high speed Intranets;
§ Intranet security solution needs to be unobtrusive and transparent
§ Current firewalls implementations can not keep up with Intranet
(LAN) speeds
§ Firewalls can not detect extensive Intranet attacks such information
theft

© 1998-1999 AXENT Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
2
Security Scanners: Finding holes yourself before an attacker does,
could save the day
§ Security assessment tools such as scanners provide the best way to
evaluate OS and application security of critical resources
§ Automated policy enforcement for security requirements such as
software versions, password strengths etc.
§ However, Most Scanners are
§ not user friendly
§ only report security holes, manual work required to correct them
§ periodic execution required every time new OS, Server or App is
installed on the network
Encryption/VPN: Best vehicle to transport sensitive application data
§ Offers authentication of the sender/receiver, non-repudiation,
reliability and integrity of the application data.
However, only the application data that uses VPN can be protected. All
other traffic remains open and unprotected.
*Authentication and Authorization: If you are not allowed, YOU
ARE NOT ALLOWED
What acts as a catch-all for any activity that leaks through some or
all of the above Security solutions?
To complete Network Security Monitoring and Enforcement, a tool is
required which can passively monitor application and user sessions for
unauthorized or malicious activity. Authorized and responsible users
will see no impact on their application speed or access control. This
maintains the openness of the Intranet. At the same time, as soon as a
user becomes destructive, the user's application session can be
terminated.

3
2 What is Intrusion Detection?
Network misuse has become as pervasive as the computer networking
itself. Intrusion Detection is a new, retrofit approach for assuring
network security in existing networks, while allowing resources to
operate in an "open" mode. The goal of network intrusion detection is to
identify in real time unauthorized use, misuse and abuse of computer
systems by both internal network users and external attackers. Intrusion
Detection is a challenging task because of the proliferation of
heterogeneous computer networks, operating systems, communication
protocols and networked applications. Increased network connectivity
offers greater access to outsiders and makes it easier for intruders to
avoid identification. To identify such misuse or abuse of networks and
computers, Intrusion Detection systems (IDS) are built-in on the belief
that an intruder's behavior will be noticeably different from that of an
authorized user.
Types of Intrusion Detection Techniques
Over the years, several different types of Intrusion Detection Systems
have been researched and developed. Initial IDS research were focused
on analyzing log files created by the operating system and by different
applications running on the system. Depending on the assumption that
an intruder behavior would be different from that of an authorized user,
these systems were developed to find abnormalities in log files and then
analyze them to detect a possible attack. However, these IDS were
complicated and did not have access to enough data to decisively identify
an attack. Attention has been diverted to more sophisticated intrusion
detection techniques based on analyzing host or network data taken
directly from the physical network being monitored or the
host/application being monitored.

4
The following is a description of the most common Intrusion Detection
Techniques, their advantages and disadvantages:
Host-Based Intrusion Detection
Some of the first IDS were built using Host-Based intrusion detection.
An intelligent IDS agent runs on the host or server being monitored. The
agent watches different aspects of the server security such as operating
system log files, access log files, application log files etc. These forms of
IDS thus depend on audit trails created by the OS or application servers.
Typically Host-Based IDS employs an anomaly-detection model
whereby a specific user's current session is statistically compared
against the profile representing the user's normal behavior. Sophisticated
algorithms are used to determine normal versus abnormal behavior.
When a deviation from a normal user profile is observed, the IDS
analyzes data to establish what it calls suspicious activity. Such
information is forwarded to the appropriate network administrator as a
suspected malicious session.
Host-Based IDS are designed to monitor a single host on which the IDS
agent resides. As shown in the figure, typically this kind of IDS is able
to watch data available from higher levels of protocol stack (as shown in
the ISO 7-layer model below), which restricts its ability to monitor
activity to those audit trail made by OS or applications. It also can
Types of Intrusion Detection Techniques
Host-Based Network-Based
App-Specific
(Web)
OS-Specific
(UNIX/NT)
Built-in
Signature DB
Dynamic Signature
DB (SDSI)

5
detect the activities which occur locally on the monitored host, such as
file permission modification, user account setup etc.
In the Client-Server communication scenario above, the activities of a
client accessing an application server are logged by the server. The IDS
agent polling these log files extracts user activity information and tries to
match that data against a statistically known user’s normal behavior
profile. There are two major types of Host-Based IDS: Application
Specific IDS and OS Specific IDS.
OS-Specific IDS:
Most Host-Based IDS are based on monitoring the Operating System
audit trails created while a user session is established on the server being
monitored. First, a behavioral model of a normal use profile is created
using statistical information gathered from OS log files and audit trails.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Network
Server Client
Host IDS

6
Several criteria are employed, such as time of work, number and type of
files created, number and type of files accessed, etc. During the detection
process, current audit trails are refined to those sessions that can be
identified as abnormal such as unsuccessful login attempts. These
sessions are then compared against the normal usage behavior using
specific algorithms (they vary depending on the implementation).
Suspicious sessions then are classified and reported to the network
administrator.
Application-Specific IDS:
This type of IDS is designed to monitor intrusion or attack on a specific
application server. At several large companies whose business relies on
uninterrupted Database operation, specific IDS have been designed to
monitor intrusions that relate to a database server. Because of wide
popularity of World Wide Web on the Internet, there are some Web-
Specific intrusion systems now available commercially.
The specific details of the application monitored is analyzed, a set of
rules which define abnormal activities are selected, and the IDS is
implemented to periodically check if any of those rules are observed in
the last time period. A simple example of this type of IDS is a web
server monitoring system. First, web server log files are analyzed to
syntax of the logged entries. Then, a set of suspicious-activity rules are
defined: for example, if the web root directory is being removed or web-
server configuration is being altered. The IDS is then implemented to
watch for those rules in the server log file.
Analysis of Host-Based IDS:
Pros:
§ Simpler to understand and configure for individual servers and
applications.
§ Tailored security since they are designed to monitor specific OS or
Application.
§ Only Host-Based IDS can detect an intrusion which occurs through

7
the local console.
§ Only Host-Based IDS can enforce a User-based reaction policy
when an attack is detected e.g. disable the user account, terminate
user process etc.
Cons:
§ Computational overhead on mission-critical server whose security is
being monitored since the IDS resides on the same server.
§ Network-based attacks which exploit protocol vulnerabilities are
impossible to be detected.
§ Since they analyze data from the audit trails, reaction to an
attempted intrusion may not be in real-time.
§ Complexity of deployment and administration increases with
number of servers for enterprise-wide monitoring.
Network-Based Intrusion Detection
The main limitation of Host-Based IDS is that the access to audit trails
is available only at the OS level or at the application level. The evolution
of large networks requires monitoring data at all levels of
communication. This shortcoming led to the development of Network-
Based IDS.

8
As shown in the figure above, the IDS sitting in the middle of the
communication path between client and server has access to data at all
layers of communication. Therefore this type of IDS can do extensive
analysis for attack detection. Since the IDS is running on a computer
other than the server being monitored, there is no performance impact on
the server computer at all.
Network-Based IDS forms its attack detection upon a comparison of
parameters of the user's session and the user's commands to a rule-base
of techniques used by attackers to penetrate a system. These techniques,
called Attack Signatures, are what Network-Based IDS look for in the
user's behavior. Since this model searches for patterns known to cause
security problems, it is called a misuse detection model.
Network
Server
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Client
N/W IDS

9
Analysis of Networked-Based IDS:
Advantages of Network-Based IDS versus Host-Based IDS:
§ No performance overhead on servers being monitored
§ No overhead on the application sessions (completely transparent and
unobtrusive)
§ Intrusion Detection is in real-time and therefore immediate action
(such as resetting the user session) can be taken
§ Excellent overall security since it can monitor data at all 7-layers of
OSI model
Network-Based IDS can be further divided in to two sub-categories, one
that utilizes a built-in attack signature database, called Static Signature
IDS, and the second which relies on signature information to be
dynamically added in to the IDS, called Dynamic Signature IDS.
The Dynamic Signature IDS is the focus of discussion in this paper.
However, to understand the architecture of Dynamic Signature IDS, it is
useful to understand Static Signature IDS.
Built-in (Static) Signature Database IDS:
In the Network-Based IDS model, each attack signature is processed
using a set of functions, which essentially represent a program, to detect
that specific signature. The actual Static Signature or Built-in Signature
database engine is a collection of such programs (processing functions),
one for each attack signature which is built into the system. An attack
signature can be any pattern or a sequence of patterns which constitutes
a known security violation. These patterns are then monitored on the
network data.

10
Built-In IDS:
§ Each Attack Signatures is a pattern or set of patterns being matched in the
network data.
§ Processing of each attack signature is done through a separate processing
function or functions.
§ A new processing function(s) needs to be added every time a new signature is
added in the engine.
§ Most current Network-Based IDS are based on this technique
Pros:
§ Most limitations of the Host-Based IDS are overcome
Cons:
§ No real-time extensibility of new attack signatures. A new executable has to be
deployed when new attacks are released
§ Large overhead on the IDS performance because of sequential execution of
processing functions.
§ IDS Performance degrades further as more signatures are built-in

11
When such an attack signature is detected on any of the current user
sessions, several actions can be taken to stop or trace the attacker.
This type of IDS represents a major improvement over Host-Based IDS.
However new limitations are imposed because of the architecture of the
IDS engine. First, new attack signatures can not be deployed in real-time
because the IDS has no processing function for them. Second, a new
IDS engine has to be built and deployed
in order to add new attack signatures. The IDS performance also is
impacted heavily because of the sequential execution of each processing
function of the attack signatures. This overhead increases as the number
of built-in signatures increase.
The built-in attack signature processing technique comes natural to all
the vendors whose Intrusion Detection expertise is derived from their
Security Scanner software. Since the knowledge of security holes is built
into the Scanner software, which performs a security evaluation of
networked hosts, similar techniques and signature knowledge is built into
their IDS solution as well. That's why almost all currently available
commercial solutions of Network-Based IDS utilize this technique.

12
3 Stateful Dynamic Signature Inspection
(SDSI) IDS:
To overcome the limitations of extensibility and performance of the
traditional Built-in Signature IDS, a new technique called Stateful
Dynamic Signature Inspection has been developed by Internet Tools,
Inc. With a strong background in Internet Security through experience in
Firewall implementations, developers at Internet Tools, Inc. have
designed a virtual processing machine that allows attack signatures to be
executed as a set of instructions.
In this design each attack signature is a set of instructions which the
SDSI virtual processor executes using a cache entry describing the
current user session state and the current packet received from the
network. Each network server being monitored will have a small set of
associated attack signatures based on the Operating System of the server
as well as Applications supported by the server.

13
As shown in the figure above, the SDSI virtual processor takes the
current packet from the network data, brings in the state cache entry
pertaining to the current user/application session, and then executes
attack signatures from the signature cache which are optimized for the
Server. When an attack is detected, the processor triggers the reaction
module to take a set of actions against the attacker.
SSDI Pros
SDSI:
§ A unique virtual processor design for
Stateful Dynamic Signature Inspection
§ Attack Signatures are represented as
sophisticated instructions for the SDSI
virtual processor
§ SDSI processor is Stateful because it
makes extensive use of optimized
register cache entries which store
application state information for the
current application sessions.
§ SDSI processor is Dynamic because
new attack signatures can be added in
real-time to the engine.
Pros:
Efficient:
§ Utilizes optimized attack signature customization
for server security based on OS and Apps
supported
§ High performance hashed state-cache lookup
§ Register cache to store current info and
instruction results
Extensible:
§ Almost any type of attack signature can be
configured using extensive instructions.
§ New attack signatures can be added in real-time
Effective:
§ Customized attack signatures can detect attacks
on customer-specific resources
§ Several Actions can be taken upon attack
detection: Terminating the user session to prevent
data theft or loss, recording a detailed log of the
user session for later prosecution and others

14
Advantages of SDSI IDS versus Built-in Signature
Engine IDS
§ Powerful customer-specific resource security (such as customer
Credit Card Database) through custom attack signatures
§ Real-time addition of new and complex attack signatures
§ Minimal performance impact of adding new attack signatures
because of optimized look-ups and caching
§ Completely extensible and customizable (new attacks can be defined
in real-time)
SDSI thus offers the latest technological advancement in the Intrusion
Detection Systems. SDSI technology overcomes all the restrictions of
the Host-Based IDS as well as the Built-in Signature IDS.
Host-Based IDS using SDSI:
The Stateful Dynamic Signature Inspection (SDSI) technology is
independent of whether it analyzes the network traffic or other data
forwarding sources such as operating system audit trails or application
log files. Therefore, it is feasible to build a host-based IDS with the
server-based agents utilizing SDSI. The advantages here will be:
§ SDSI brings extensibility, effectiveness and increased performance.
§ Reduced resource impact on the server because of smaller foot-print
of the SDSI engine and efficiency of signature execution.
§ A tighter integration between Host and Network based IDS since
they both use same underlying technology.
Comparing Various IDS:
A simple set of intrusion examples can explain limitations of each IDS
described above. Assume a Hacker named Bob is trying to break in to
the network.

15
App-Specific IDS:
Can Detect: A Web-Specific IDS can detect if Hacker Bob overwrites
the web-server root directory with a set of dummy files.
Can’t Detect: The same IDS can not detect if Hacker Bob deletes an
important OS directory such as /etc on a UNIX server.
OS-Specific IDS:
Can Detect: AUNIX-OS-Specific IDS can detect if Hacker Bob deletes
an important OS directory such as /etc on a UNIX server.
Can’t Detect: The same UNIX-Specific IDS can not detect if Hacker
Bob generates a network-based denial-of-service attack such as LAND
(where an ill-formatted IP packet causes the server to go in an infinite
loop consuming all it’s protocol stack resources and unable to service
any real user)
Built-in Signature IDS:
Can Detect: A network-based built-in signature IDS can detect if
Hacker Bob generates a network-based denial-of-service attack such as
LAND .
Can’t Detect: The same IDS can not detect if Hacker Bob starts
stealing customer credit cards information from an enterprise database.
SDSI IDS:
Can Detect: A hybrid network and host based SDSI IDS can detect all
of the above attacks and more.

16
4 NetProwler: An SDSI Commercial
Implementation for an Advanced
Intrusion Detection System
NetProwler™ is a network intrusion detection and reaction system based
on SDSI technology. It has the ability to monitor the traffic on the
network for different kinds of intrusions regardless of whether the attack
comes from an internal or an external attacker. It can be deployed on the
network to monitor the Operating System as well as Application-specific
security holes that can be exploited by an intruder. It coexists with other
security products such as a Firewall on your network because it is
completely unobtrusive. There is no performance penalty on the network
because unlike Firewalls, all the data does not have to pass through the
intrusion detection system.
§ Is your Firewall protecting your network properly?
§ Is there any internal misuse of the network resources?
§ Are unauthorized users accessing sensitive information?
§ Has someone broken in and changed your Web site or FTP site
data?
§ How can you enforce time-of-day accesses to your sensitive servers?
§ If your network security is compromised, how can you trace the
hacker and create an audit trail for legal action?
NetProwler Features
§ Detection of over 200 well-known Internet attacks, including
- Port Scanning
- SYN Attacks
- Ping denial-of-service Attacks
- IP Address Spoofing
§ TCP sequence number Spoofing
§ Powerful Attack Detection Engine based on patent-pending SDSI
technology
§ New attack signatures can be added and customized in real-time

17
§ Various actions can be taken upon attack detection such as
stopping the session, taking full trace of the session, sending
SNMP traps, email, page etc.
§ Data consistency checks for
- DNS server tables
- Router tables
- Web Server content
- FTP Server content
§ Inactive session purging
§ Time-of-day access for specific applications on servers
§ Completely transparent and non-obtrusive
Fully scalable to secure the complete Enterprise
NetProwler is a true Network-Based IDS based on SDSI Technology. It
offers other unique features such as Data Consistency checks for various
network resources such as web servers and routers. It can enforce
Application specific time-of-day access for mission critical servers.
NetProwler can be deployed Enterprise-wide to monitor intrusion at
several strategic points. The centralized console allows a network
administrator to monitor and deploy security policies across the
Enterprise

18
5 Summary
§ Intrusion Detection is a retrofit approach to network security
without having to change the existing network topology or
resources.
§ Several different types of IDS have been developed and are
commercially available.
§ Stateful Dynamic Signature Inspection (SDSI) is the most advanced
IDS technology available in the industry.
§ Extensibility of SDSI offers business advantage to Enterprise
customers because of the ability to define new custom signatures
which allows the IDS to monitor Enterprise-specific resource such
as a proprietary database server or a manufacturing process plant.
§ Hybrid IDS which make use of both Host and Network based
components will be the future of intrusion detection systems

19
6 e-Security: Enabling E-Business
Lifecycle Security Solutions
Organizations are constantly adapting their information systems and
networks to meet new business needs, particularly now since they are
connected not only to employees, but to partners, customers and
suppliers. Managing the risk associated with these changes requires a
structured approach to assess information security issues. AXENT's
Lifecycle Security™ Model provides an organized methodology to
understand the security needs of enterprise systems and networks. The
Lifecycle Security Model allows companies to design, implement,
maintain and modify their security architecture. With this model, a
company can assess the information risk associated with business
objectives and changes, then implement the "right" level of security for
these conditions.

20
Only AXENT delivers e-security with our award-winning Lifecycle
Security Solutions, a comprehensive approach based on our Lifecycle
Security Methodology that takes into account all aspects of your
dynamic business.
AXENT offers Lifecycle Security Solutions to:
-ASSESS vulnerabilities and ensure policy compliance
-PROTECT critical information systems
-ENABLE secure Internet usage
-MANAGE and administer users and resources
ASSESS
The first step to proactively reduce corporate risk is to effectively
measure compliance to a business security policy and assess
vulnerabilities where critical information resides. It is important to
understand the effectiveness of a security policy, now and as it changes
with businesses needs in order to properly define, manage and enforce
business policies and assess possible threats.
Enterprise Security Manager™ manages and enforces your
information security policy with one enterprise-wide security
management solution. Enterprise Security Manager proactively checks
the entire enterprise for security vulnerabilities, assesses security risks
from one central console across tens of thousands of systems.
NetRecon™ leverages the latest technology to execute multiple scans
simultaneously to quickly find, analyze and report perimeter and internal
security vulnerabilities. NetRecon applies a unique patent-pending
technology that operates in a collaborative tiger team approach to reveal
hidden threats.
PROTECT
Organizations must protect information against unwanted users and
hackers and control access to information to maintain business integrity.

21
Balancing these needs requires a solution set that protects data from
within the perimeter, checks and detects attacks to the perimeter and
controls access to information to assure customers that proprietary data
is secured.
ntruder Alert™ monitors systems and networks in real-time to detect
security breaches and suspicious activities and will respond
automatically according to your established security policy. It works
across your entire enterprise including LANs, WANs, intranets and the
Internet.
NetProwler™ provides dynamic network intrusion detection that
transparently examines network traffic to instantly identify, log and
terminate unauthorized use, misuse and abuse of computer systems by
internal saboteurs and external hackers. It’s patent-pending SDSI™
virtual processor enable immediate deployment of customized attack
signatures to terminate even the most sophisticated security violations.
Raptor® Firewall combines the highest level of perimeter security
available with the performance, interoperability, scalability, and ease of
use to meet your business goals. This award-winning firewall provides
centralized, real-time enterprise security across the Internet, intranets,
mobile computing and remote sites to give authorized users seamless,
secure network access.
ENABLE
The Internet is an essential resource that enables organizations to
communicate more efficiently reduce telecommunication costs and
provides more timely information. It is critical to deliver information via
the Internet to employees, partners and customers without compromising
the security of that information. The Internet can help to enable new
business opportunities and reduce operational costs.
Defender™ implements a two-factor authentication system to create
one-time passwords that uniquely authenticates users and grants access

22
over dial-up, ISDN, Internet and on-LAN connections.
WebDefender™ provides secure single sign-on access control across a
company’s growing number of web applications and web servers.
WebDefender centralizes the management of end user authentication and
authorization to lower the cost of deploying your Web applications.
VPN Solutions (RaptorMobile™ & PowerVPN™ ) securely connect
remote user, branch offices and third parties, to applications and data
deep in a corporate network. Unlike traditional VPN products that only
offer encrypted sessions, AXENT's VPN solutions enables the network
manager to control, screen and granularly define where and what
information an individual is allowed to access.
PassGo™ InSync provides enterprise password synchronization
securely and quickly. PassGo InSync can be easily deployed producing
immediate benefit of increased productivity through unified one-time
password synchronization that can span multiple systems, servers,
networks and applications.
PassGo SSO gives users a single point of access for business critical
information. PassGo SSO is a fully customizable, flexible
administration solution that verifies a user’s credentials with the
Authentication Service, which is used by all platforms to control access
to the network and applications.
MANAGE
Today’s enterprise computing environments consist of multiple
operating systems running applications from different vendors and
accessed by multiple client platforms. Organizations need a cost
effective secure solution to manage and administer users and the
computing resources from one central location. This streamlined
administration allows organizations to manage more with fewer
resources.
Enterprise Resource Manager™ greatly simplifies administrative

23
tasks for systems and security managers from one central repository. It
provides enterprise-wide user and resource administration across
distributed computing platforms, as well secure single sign-on to
platforms and applications.
Resource Manager™ for UNIX® provides a graphical representation
of system administration no matter what vendor’s variation of UNIX
you are using. As part of the comprehensive Enterprise Resource
Manager family the Resource Manager for UNIX user interface
provides full point-and-click use, drag and drop icons and on-line help.
Managing UNIX system users across heterogeneous platforms has never
been easier.
Privilege Manager™ for UNIX® controls access to root privileges
with the first out-of-the-box solution. It allows delegation of UNIX root
authority, so that you can implement reasonable security controls,
without impacting the ability of users to perform their daily work.
Lifecycle Security Services
In addition to product solutions, AXENT provides services to effectively
implement and deploy e-security solutions based on the Lifecycle
Security approach. Our complete AXENT Services include top of the
line Consulting, Education, and Customer Support to assist our
customers before, during and after the implementation of security
solutions.
Consulting: AXENT provides security services to effectively implement
and deploy e-security solutions based on the Lifecycle Security
Methodology. Through over 800 resellers and its independent
subsidiary, Secure Network Consulting, Inc., AXENT offers a Lifecycle
Security services program that includes on-site security consulting,
assessment, integration, and training services. This program is business
specific and scalable to suit each organization’s individual dimensions.

24
Education: AXENT is dedicated to providing consistent, high-quality
training to users of AXENT products. Our mission s to develop
educational programs that help users increase their productivity through
the effective use of AXENT products as the cornerstone of a
comprehensive security solution.
Support: AXENT’s skilled Customer Support team, help organizations
attain the most value from their security software investment. They have
access to the most current hardware and technical information available,
which allows our teams to deliver a high degree of quality and
responsive post-installation software support.
AXENT’s products are used by 45 of the top Fortune 50 U.S.
companies, five of the six largest public accounting firms, and industry
leaders such as Sprint, OppenheimerFunds, Toronto Dominion Bank,
Mobil, MCI and Unilever and government agencies including EPA and
the U.S. Air Force.
For additional information, contact AXENT via e-mail at
info@axent.com, or visit the company’s Web site at www.axent.com

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