World War II began as the Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan aggressively expanded their territories through military force. In November 1937, Hitler met with his generals and outlined plans for war in the secret Hossbach Memorandum, citing Germany's need for more land and resources. Despite Hitler's violations of the Treaty of Versailles by remilitarizing the Rhineland and annexing Austria, Britain and France pursued a policy of appeasement by making concessions to avoid conflict, emboldening further Axis aggression until the start of World War II.