Basic Knowledge of DVOR.ppt
- 1. Basic Knowledge of DVOR Developing of 30 Hz AM Refference Signal Rf carier/fstation 30hz envelope signal
- 2. Velocity = 2πfr atau ωr Where : V : velocity of the rotation f : frequency of the rotation (30Hz) r : radial of circle Surabaya 113,4 Mhz VOR is V = 2.3,14.30.6,75 = 1271,7 m/s λ = C/fstation Δf = ( V/ λ ) sin ø Deviation ratio = Δf/fcircle λ = 3.102/113,4 = 300/113,4 = 2,6455 m Δf = ( 1271,7/ 2,6455 ) sin 90 0 = + 480,70 Hz (toward position) Δf = ( 1271,7/ 2,6455 ) sin 270 0 = - 480,70 Hz (backward position) Deviation ratio = 480,70 / 30 = 16,023 or approx 16 Dev ratio 16 is ICAO Annex 10 regulation with tolerance ± 1 Basic Knowledge of DVOR Developing of 30 Hz FM Variable Signal
- 3. Developing of 30 Hz FM Variable Signal Aircraft Position at East g a b c d e f h Observe direction of the vector Δf = ( V/ λ ) sin ø Δf at position a is 480 . sin 270 0 = 480 . -1 = - 480 Hz (backward position) Δf at position b is 480 . sin 315 0 = 480 . -0,707 = - 340 Hz Δf at position c is 480 . sin 0 0 = 480 . 0 = 0 Hz Δf at position d is 480 . sin 45 0 = 480 . 0,707 = + 340 Hz Δf at position e is 480 . sin 90 0 = 480 . 1 = + 480 Hz (toward position) Δf at position f is 480 . sin 135 0 = 480 . 0,707 = + 340 Hz Δf at position g is 480 . sin 180 0 = 480 . 0 = 0 Hz Δf at position h is 480 . sin 225 0 = 480 . -0,707 = - 340 Hz
- 4. Developing of 30 Hz FM Variable Signal Deviation Frequency at Four Different Positions a b c d e f g h Position of Aircraft Deviation Frequency at point a b c d e f g h a East -480 -339 0 339 480 339 0 -339 -480 South 0 339 480 339 0 -339 -480 -339 0 West 480 339 0 -339 -480 -339 0 339 480 North 0 -339 -480 -339 0 339 480 339 0 DEVIATION FREQUENCY OF 9960HZ SUBCARIER FM -480 -339 0 339 480 339 0 -339 -480 0 339 480 339 0 -339 -480 -339 0 0 -339 -480 -339 0 339 480 339 0 -500 -300 -100 100 300 500 Degrees Frequency (Hz) East South West North a b c d f e a h g DEVIATION FREQUENCY OF 9960 HZ SUBCARIER FM
- 5. CHANGING FREQUENCY OF 9960 HZ SUBCARIER FM 9480 9621 9960 10299 10440 10299 9960 9621 9480 9960 10299 10440 10299 9960 9621 9480 9621 9960 9400 9600 9800 10000 10200 10400 10600 Degrees Frequency (Hz) East South West North a b c d e f g h Developing of 30 Hz FM Variable Signal Changing Frequency 9960 Hz at Four Different Positions Position of Aircraft Doppler Effect Result Frequency at point a b c d e f g h a East 9480 9621 9960 10299 10440 10299 9960 9621 9480 South 9960 10299 10440 10299 9960 9621 9480 9621 9960 West 10440 10299 9960 9621 9480 9621 9960 10299 10440 North 9960 9621 9480 9621 9960 10299 10440 10299 9960 CHANGING FREQUENCY OF 9960 HZ SUBCARIER FM
- 6. DOPPLER EFFECT ON THE USB FREQUENCY CARIER FM 113409480 113409621 113409960 113410299 113410440 113410299 113409960 113409621 113409480 113409960 113410299 113410440 113410299 113409960 113409621 113409480 113409621 113409960 113409480 113409960 113410440 Positions Frequency (Hz) East South West North a b c d e f g h DOPPLER EFFECT ON THE USB FREQUENCY CARIER FM USB FREQUENCY 113,4 Mhz + 9960 Hz = 113,409960 Mhz Position of Aircraft Doppler Effect Result Frequency at point a b c d e f g h a East 113409480 113409621 113409960 113410299 113410440 113410299 113409960 113409621 113409480 South 113409960 113410299 113410440 113410299 113409960 113409621 113409480 113409621 113409960 West 113410440 113410299 113409960 113409621 113409480 113409621 113409960 113410299 113410440 North 113409960 113409621 113409480 113409621 113409960 113410299 113410440 113410299 113409960 FM FROM DOPPLER EFFECT RF USB FREQUENCY 113,409960 MHZ 30 HZ ROTATIONS Developing of 30 Hz FM Variable Signal Changing USB Frequency at Four Different Positions
- 7. a b c d e f g h Developing of 30 Hz FM Variable Signal Changing LSB Frequency at Four Different Positions DOPPLER EFFECT ON THE LSB FREQUENCY CARIER FM LSB FREQUENCY 113,4 Mhz - 9960 Hz = 113,390040 Mhz Position of Aircraft Doppler Effect Result Frequency at point a b c d e f g h a East 113389560 113389701 113390040 113390379 113390520 113390379 113390040 113389701 113389560 South 113390040 113390379 113390520 113390379 113390040 113389701 113389560 113389701 113390040 West 113390520 113390379 113390040 113389701 113389560 113389701 113390040 113390379 113390520 North 113390040 113389701 113389560 113389701 113390040 113390379 113390520 113390379 113390040 DOPPLER EFFECT ON THE LSB FREQUENCY CARIER FM 113389560 113389701 113390040 113390379 113390520 113390379 113390040 113389701 113389560 113390040 113390379 113390520 113390379 113390040 113389701 113389560 113389701 113390040 113389560 113390040 113390520 Positions Frequency (Hz) East South West North FM FROM DOPPLER EFFECT RF LSB FREQUENCY 113,390040MHZ 30 HZ ROTATIONS
- 8. Standard Service Volume VOR/DME High Altitude 100 NM 130 NM 60,000 FEET 45,000 FEET 18,000 FEET 14,500 FEET 1,000 FEET 40 NM Standard High Altitude Service Volume
- 9. Standard Service Volume VOR/DME Lower Altitude and Terminal 18,000 FEET 1,000 FEET 40 NM 12,000 FEET 1,000 FEET 25 NM Standard Low Altitude Service Volume Standard Terminal Service Volume Note: All elevations shown are with respect to the station’s site elevation(AGL) Coverage is not available in a cone of airspace directly above the facility
- 10. VOR/DME/TACAN Standard Service Volume SSV Class Designator Altitude and Range Boundaries T (Terminal) From 1,000 feet above ground level (AGL) up to and including 12,000 feet AGL at radial distances out to 25 NM. L (Low Altitude) From 1,000 feet AGL up to and including 18,000 feet AGL at radial distances out to 40 NM. H (High Altitude) From 1,000 feet AGL up to and including 14,500 feet AGL at radial distances out to 40 NM. From 14,500 AGL up to and including 60,000 feet at radial distances out to 100 NM. From 18,000 feet AGL up to and including 45,000 feet AGL at radial distances out to 130 NM.
- 11. Standard Service Volume VOR/DME Lower Edge Terminal Below 1,000 feet
- 12. Standard Service Volume VOR/DME Lower Edge High and Low Altitude Below 1,000 feet
- 13. Standard Service Volume NDB Class Distance (Radius) Compass Locator 15 NM MH 25 NM H 50 NM* HH 75 NM * Service ranges of individual facilities may be less than 50 nautical miles (NM). Restrictions to service volumes are first published as a Notice to Airmen and then with the alphabetical listing of the NAVAID in the A/FD.