Basic of computer 3

Unit- 2 computer software
A computer needs both hardware and
software for its proper functioning. Hardware
components like input devices, processing
unit, output devices, and storage unit alone
cannot perform any particular function
without software. Computer software or
simply software, is a collection of data or
computer programs that tell the computer
how to work. Software acts as an between
the user and rest of the computer system.

Program Vs Software
Program Software
1.Program is a set of instructions written in a
programming language used to execute for a
specific task or particular function.
Software is a set of Programs used to execute
for an entire application.
There are Many programs combine together to
form software. it is also used to perform a task.
2. A program does not have further
categorization.
Software can be categorized into two
categories: application software and system
software.
3. A program cannot be software. Software can be a program.
4. A program consists of a set of instructions
which are coded in a programming language
like c, C++, PHP, Java etc.
Software consists of bundles of programs and
data files. Programs in specific software use
these data files to perform a dedicated type of
tasks.
4. A program is compiled every time when we
need to generate some output from it.
Whole software is compiled, tested and
debugged during the development process.
5. Program has limited functionality and less
features.
Software has lots of functionality and features
such as GUI, input/output data, process etc.

Types of software
In any computer system platforms, software
can be grouped into a few broad categories.
Three major primary software categories are:
System software
Utility software
Application software

1.System software
 System software are generally prepared by computer manufactures.
 System software is a category of software that coordinates the
complete system hardware and provides an environment of
platform for all the other types of software to work in.
 It is the most basic type of software in any computer system, which
is essential for other programs, application and indeed for the
whole computer system to function.
 This type of software acts as an intermediary between computer
hardware and application programs.
 System software is responsible for accessing computer hardware
and providing required resources and services to application
software.
 Operating systems, device drivers, compliers, database
management system, Interpreter, Assemblers etc are examples of
system software.

2. Application software
 Software that is used to solve specific user problems is
called application software or end user program.
Depending on the work for which it was designed,
application software can manipulate text, numbers,
graphics or a combination of these elements.
They are non-essential software which are installed
and run depending upon the requirements, in the
environment provided by the system software.
Some examples of application software are: ms-word,
ms-excel, adobe Photoshop, student record software,
Income tax software.

3.Utility software
Software that support operations and
management of a computer system is called
system utilities or utility software.
These are computer programs designed to
assist users in the maintenance and care of
their computers.
These software are used to perform tasks such
as locating files, disk cleaners, antivirus
software etc are examples of utility software.

What is computer virus?
 a computer virus is a program that inserts itself into one or more
files and then performs some action.
 Computer virus works in two phases.
 The first phase, in which the virus inserts itself into a file, is
called the insertion phase.
 The second phase, in which it performs some action, is called
the execution phase.
 Almost all virus are attached to an executable, which means the
virus may exist on our computer but it actually cannot infect
your computer unless we run or open the malicious program.
 Virus is spread by human action people will unknowingly
continue the spread of a computer virus by sharing infecting files
or sending emails with viruses as attachments in the email.

What is antivirus
Antimalware or antivirus is a type of software
program designed to prevent ,detect and
remediate malware infections on individual
computing devices and IT systems.
The

Basic of computer 3

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Basic of computer 3