Basic_computerHygiene
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This document provides an overview of basic computer security practices and a top 10 list of good security habits. It explains that computer security protects systems and data from threats. While technology provides some protections, users are responsible for 90% of security through good practices. The top 10 list includes recommendations like backing up data, using strong passwords, keeping systems updated, practicing safe email and internet usage, and physically securing devices and data. The document emphasizes that everyone must understand and follow security practices to protect their devices, information and institutions from risks like data loss, identity theft and costly security incidents.
Basic_computerHygiene
- 1. Good Computer Security Practices Basic Security Awareness April 28, 2015 CSIRT/Rwanda
- 2. Overview What is Information and Computer Security? “Top 10 List” of Good Computer Security Practices What is Information and Computer Security?
- 3. … the protection of computing systems and the data that they store or access. Desktop computers Confidential data Laptop computers Restricted data Servers Personal information Smartphones Archives Pen drives Databases
- 4. Isn’t this just an IT Problem? Why do I need to learn about computer security? Everyone who uses a computer needs to understand how to keep his or her computer and data secure.
- 5. • 10% of security safeguards are technical • 90% of security safeguards rely on us – the user - to adhere to good computing practices Good security practices follow the “90/10” rule
- 6. • Embarrassment to yourself and/or the Institution • Having to recreate lost data • Identity theft • Data corruption or destruction • Loss of patient, employee, and public trust • Costly reporting requirements and penalties • Disciplinary action (up to expulsion or termination) • Unavailability of vital data What are the consequences of security violations?
- 8. “Top Ten List” Good Computer Security Practices
- 9. 1. Don’t keep restricted data on portable devices. 2. Back-up your data. • Make backups a regular task, ideally at least once a day. • Backup data to removable media such as portable hard drives, CDs, DVDs, or a USB memory stick. • Store backup media safely and separately from the equipment. Remember, your data is valuable… don’t keep your backups in the same physical location as your computer!
- 10. Data Backups (… continued) • How effective would you be if your email, word processing documents, excel spreadsheets and contact database were wiped out? • How many hours would it take to rebuild that information from scratch?
- 11. 3. Use cryptic passwords that can’t be easily guessed and protect your passwords - don’t write them down and don’t share them!
- 12. 4. Make sure your computer has anti-virus, anti- spyware and firewall protection as well as all necessary security patches. 5. Don’t install unknown or unsolicited programs on your computer. “I’ll just keep finding new ways to break in!”
- 13. 6. Practice safe e-mailing ~ • Don’t open, forward, or reply to suspicious e-mails • Don’t open e-mail attachments or click on website addresses • Delete spam • Encrypt confidential emails using various methods
- 14. 7. Practice safe Internet use ~ • Accessing any site on the internet could be tracked back to your name and location. • Accessing sites with questionable content often results in spam or release of viruses. • And it bears repeating… Don’t download unknown or unsolicited programs!
- 15. 8. & 9. Physically secure your area and data when unattended ~ • Secure your files and portable equipment - including memory sticks. • Secure laptop computers with a lockdown cable. • Never share your ID badge, access codes, cards, or key devices (e.g. Axiom card)
- 16. 10. Lock your screen • For a PC ~ <ctrl> <alt> <delete> <enter> OR <> <L> • For a Mac ~ Configure screensaver with your password Create a shortcut to activate screensaver • Use a password to start up or wake-up your computer.
- 17. Which workstation security safeguards are YOU responsible for following and/or protecting? a) User ID b) Password c) Log-off programs d) Lock up office or work area (doors, windows) e) All of the above
- 18. Which workstation security safeguards are YOU responsible for following and/or protecting? a) User ID b) Password c) Log-off programs d) Lock up office or work area (doors, windows) e) All of the above
- 19. The mouse on your computer screen starts to move around on its own and click on things on your desktop. What do you do? a) Show a faculty member or other students b) Unplug network cable c) Unplug your mouse d) Report the incident to the SOC or System administrator e) Turn your computer off f) Run anti-virus software g) All of the above
- 20. The mouse on your computer screen starts to move around on its own and click on things on your desktop. What do you do? This is a security incident! Immediately report the problem to whomever supports your computer, and to CSIRT if the incident occurs while you are on duty and working on Public institution Since it is possible that someone is controlling the computer remotely, it is best if you can unplug the network cable until you can get help.
- 21. What can an attacker do to your computer? a) Hide programs that launch attacks b) Generate large volumes of unwanted traffic, slowing down the entire system c) Distribute illegal software from your computer d) Access restricted information (e.g. identity theft) e) Record all of your keystrokes and get your passwords A compromised computer can be used for all kinds of surprising things.
- 22. Other Good practices Managing Restricted Data • Know where data is stored. • Destroy restricted data which is no longer needed ~ Protect restricted data that you keep ~ back-up your data regularly Restricted data includes: • People personal information • Health or medical information • Social security numbers • Date of birth • Financial information (credit card number, bank account number) • Proprietary data and copyrighted information • Student records • Information subject to a non-disclosure agreement
- 23. Reporting Security Incidents Immediately report anything unusual, suspected security incidents, or breaches to whomever supports your computer, or CSIRT if it involves a government institution. CSIRT Customer Support: Dial 4045 Loss or theft of any computing device with sensitive information MUST be reported immediately to the Natioanl Police.
- 24. Thank you & God Bless You Presented by Erick N GASANA EC-council ECSA, CEH, CHFI certified