Basics of minitab 15 (english) v1
- 2. Minitab 15 : Introduction Minitab Is an Application Software for Studying Statistical Tools and applying them for Business needs. It complements Six Sigma for its features and ease of implementation. Different customized tools and techniques used in Six Sigma are available in Minitab. Minitab can also be used to plot different Graphs & Charts which are widely used during Six Sigma Project execution and different Business Processes. Trial version of Minitab 15 Free 30 Days Trial version of Minitab 15 can be downloaded from http://minitab.com/products/minitab/demo/ Limited customer support can also be availed during the trial period.
- 3. Minitab 15 : Introduction Menu Bar Tool Bar Session Window Tables and Statistical outputs are displayed in Session window Minitab Worksheet Worksheet is used for Data Input. This is similar to MS excel sheet. Use ‘Enter’ and ‘Tab’ key to navigate. Minitab Project Opening and Saving Minitab File • In Minitab, there are projects (Minitab Project, *.mpj) in which • Data is stored in Minitab Worksheet, *.mtw • Graphs are stored in Minitab Graphs, *.mgf • Results in Minitab Session, *.txt
- 4. Minitab 15 : Introduction Basic Tips Minitab uses different customized pre-defined functions to perform statistical tests for analysis, hence very sensitive to input data. Before applying any tool / performing any test different pre-requisites need to be verified to get reliable output. Minitab can recognize 3 Data types : Numeric, Text and Date. Data types are displayed at column indicators as C1 (Numeric), C1-T (Text), C1-D (Date). While entering data consider the display of data type in column indicator to ensure there is no mismatch. Minitab worksheet is used for data input. Output is displayed in Session Window (Table and Text) and through Graphs. Minitab uses default values (e.g. Alpha=0.05 for Hypothesis Testing) for different tools and techniques. This parameters can be set at different levels as per the need and interpretation / inference should be made accordingly.
- 5. Minitab 15 : Basic
- 6. Topics • Graphical Summary • Normality Test • Histogram • Box Plot • Dot Plot • Pareto Chart • Cause & Effect Diagram
- 8. Graphical Summary S umma r y fo r T ic k e t R e s o lutio n T ime ( M ins ) A n d e rso n -D a rlin g N o rm a lity T e st A -S q u a re d 0 .2 9 P -V a lu e 0.594 M ean 55.297 S tD e v 4.617 V a ria n ce 21.314 S k e w n e ss 0 .1 4 5 2 8 0 K u rto sis -0 .3 6 5 2 8 0 N 50 M in im u m 44.910 1 st Q u a rtile 52.364 M e d ia n 55.387 3 rd Q u a rtile 57.965 45 50 55 60 65 M a xim u m 64.605 9 5 % C o n fid e n ce I n te rv a l fo r M e a n 53.985 56.609 9 5 % C o n fid e n ce I n te rv a l fo r M e d ia n 53.474 56.389 9 5 % C o n fid e n ce I n te rv a l fo r S tD e v 9 5 % C o n f id e n c e I n t e r v a ls 3 .8 5 6 5.753 M ean M edian 53.5 54.0 54.5 55.0 55.5 56.0 56.5
- 10. Histogram
- 11. Normality Test - Histogram P r oba bility P lot of T ic k e t R e s olution T ime (M ins ) Norm a l 99 M ean 55.30 S tD ev 4.617 95 N 50 AD 0.292 90 P - V alu e 0.594 80 70 Pe r c e n t 60 50 40 30 20 H is to gr a m o f T ic k e t R e s o lutio n T ime ( M ins ) 10 No r m a l 5 12 M ean 55.30 S tD ev 4.617 N 50 1 10 45 50 55 60 65 Tic ke t R e s o lut io n Time (M ins ) 8 Fr e q ue nc y 6 4 2 0 45 50 55 60 65 Tic ke t R e s o lu t io n Time ( M ins )
- 12. Box Plot
- 13. Dot Plot
- 14. Box Plot - Dot Plot B o x pl o t o f T ic k e t R e s o lutio n T ime ( M ins ) 65 Tic ke t R e s o lut io n Time (M ins ) 60 55 50 D o tpl o t o f T i c k e t R e s o lutio n T ime ( M ins ) 45 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 Tic ke t R e s o lu t io n Time ( M ins )
- 15. Pareto Chart
- 16. Pareto Chart P a r e to C ha r t o f D e fe c t T y pe s 180 100 160 140 80 De fe c t Co unt 120 Pe r c e nt 100 60 80 40 60 40 20 20 0 0 De f e ct Ty p e s a x io n al or a k it y g er ic r al in nt l at og Er Le n tr th Sy io L e y io S O V im or ct pe r r d T em n o da un M Fu pr n R I m a St De f e ct C o unt 56 35 28 18 12 7 5 8 P e rce nt 33.1 20.7 16.6 10.7 7.1 4.1 3.0 4.7 C um % 33.1 53.8 70.4 81.1 88.2 92.3 95.3 100.0
- 17. Cause & Effect Diagram
- 18. Cause & Effect Diagram C a us e -a nd-E ffe c t D ia gr a m B ac k U p O p er atin g S y stem F i l e S yste m Ca p a ci ty Ta p e no t lo a de d CP U U ti l i za ti o n F a u l ty Me d i a Me m o r y U ti l i za ti o n S w a p U ti l i za ti o n D r i ve P r o b l e m S yste m P a n i c Ba cku p o ve r r u n S e r vi ce s n o t r u n n i n g S ch e d u l e r P r o b l e m P r i n ti n g I ssu e s F I l e p e r m i ssi o n T a p e s w r i te p r o te cte d Jo b fa i l u r e s I n c id en ts E D G Ap p l i ca ti o n a l e r ts P o w e r S u p p l y fa i l u r e s F T P jo b fa i l u r e D r i ve Br o ke n D e l a ye d p r o ce ss N e tw o r k E r r o r s Ap p l i ca ti o n i n te r fa ce fa i l u r e P r i n te r P r o b l e m Ap p l i ca ti o n se r vi ce sto p p e d Me m o r y P r o b l e m Ap p l i ca ti o n sch e d u l e LAN Ca r d P r o b l e m O r a cl e p r o ce sse s n o t r u n n i n g CP U P r o b l e m Li stn e r u n a va i l a b l e O r a cl e G O H Al e r ts D i sk P r o b l e m A p p lic atio n H ar d w ar e
- 19. Minitab 15 : Intermediate & Advanced Tools
- 20. Minitab 15 : ANOVA
- 21. Topics • One-Way ANOVA • Two-Way ANOVA
- 22. One-way ANOVA
- 23. One-way ANOVA One-way ANOVA: Defect Count versus Experience Level Source DF SS MS F P Experience Level 2 52303.6 26151.8 363.72 0.000 Error 12 862.8 71.9 Total 14 53166.4 S = 8.479 R-Sq = 98.38% R-Sq(adj) = 98.11% Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev Level N Mean StDev --------+---------+---------+---------+- <1 Year 5 210.60 11.84 (-*-) >4 Years 5 66.80 7.98 (*-) 1~4 Years 5 125.20 3.42 (-*-) --------+---------+---------+---------+- 100 150 200 250 Pooled StDev = 8.48 B o x plo t o f D e fe c t C o unt 225 200 175 De fe c t Co unt 150 125 100 75 50 < 1 Ye a r > 4 Ye a r s 1 ~ 4 Ye a r s Exp e r ie n c e Le v e l
- 24. Two-way ANOVA
- 25. Two-way ANOVA Two-way ANOVA: Price versus City, Stars Source DF SS MS F P City 3 21145.4 7048.5 4.12 0.017 Stars 1 10224.5 10224.5 5.97 0.022 Interaction 3 3411.0 1137.0 0.66 0.582 Error 24 41079.0 1711.6 Total 31 75859.9 S = 41.37 R-Sq = 45.85% R-Sq(adj) = 30.05% Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev City Mean +---------+---------+---------+--------- DC 135.375 (--------*-------) La 135.375 (--------*-------) NY 198.125 (--------*-------) SF 151.375 (-------*--------) +---------+---------+---------+--------- 105 140 175 210 Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on Pooled StDev Stars Mean --+---------+---------+---------+------- 2 137.188 (----------*---------) 3 172.938 (---------*----------) --+---------+---------+---------+------- 120 140 160 180
- 26. Minitab 15 : Control Charts
- 27. Topics • I-MR • X-Bar/R • P-Chart • NP-Chart • U-Chart • C-Chart
- 28. I-MR Chart
- 29. I-MR Chart
- 30. X-Bar/R Chart
- 31. X-Bar/R Chart
- 32. NP-Chart
- 33. NP-Chart
- 34. P-Chart
- 35. P-Chart
- 36. U-Chart
- 37. U-Chart
- 38. C-Chart
- 39. C-Chart
- 40. Minitab 15 : Capability Analysis
- 41. Capability Analysis : Normal
- 42. Capability Analysis : Normal
- 43. Capability Analysis : Binomial
- 44. Capability Analysis : Binomial
- 45. Capability Analysis : Poisson
- 46. Capability Analysis : Poisson
- 48. Topics • Scatter Plot • Correlation • Regression
- 49. Scatter Plot
- 50. Scatter Plot
- 51. Correlation Correlations: Productivity, Experience Pearson correlation of Productivity and Experience = 0.871 P-Value = 0.000
- 53. Regression Analysis Regression Analysis: Productivity versus Experience The regression equation is Productivity = - * + 11.5 Experience Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant -9.7 136.1 -0.07 0.945 Experience 11.520 2.057 5.60 0.000 S = 87.7955 R-Sq = 75.8% R-Sq(adj) = 73.4% Analysis of Variance Source DF SS MS F P Regression 1 241811 241811 31.37 0.000 Residual Error 10 77080 7708 Total 11 318892
- 55. Regression Analysis Regression Analysis: Effort versus Code Length, Defect Count, ... The regression equation is Effort = - 1277 + 458 Code Length + 136 Defect Count - 1.54 Resource Experience Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant -1277.3 360.6 -3.54 0.003 Code Length 457.70 47.64 9.61 0.000 Defect Count 135.72 61.28 2.21 0.042 Resource Experience -1.544 4.579 -0.34 0.740 S = 487.537 R-Sq = 86.9% R-Sq(adj) = 84.5% Analysis of Variance Source DF SS MS F P Regression 3 25308562 8436187 35.49 0.000 Residual Error 16 3803071 237692 Total 19 29111633 Source DF Seq SS Code Length 1 23966672 Defect Count 1 1314871 Resource Experience 1 27018 Unusual Observations Code Obs Length Effort Fit SE Fit Residual St Resid 11 9.00 4631 3707 308 924 2.44R R denotes an observation with a large standardized residual.
- 56. Minitab 15 : Hypothesis Testing
- 57. Topics • 1-Sample-Z • 1-Sample-T • 2-Sample-T • Paired T • F-Test • Chi-square
- 58. 1 Sample Z
- 59. 1 Sample Z One-Sample Z: Daily Call volume past month Test of mu = 310 vs not = 310 The assumed standard deviation = 10 Variable N Mean StDev SE Mean 95% CI Z Daily Call volume past m 22 329.05 22.91 2.13 (324.87, 333.22) 8.93 Variable P Daily Call volume past m 0.000
- 60. 1 Sample T
- 61. 1 Sample T One-Sample T: Daily Call volume past month Test of mu = 325 vs not = 325 Variable N Mean StDev SE Mean 95% CI T Daily Call volume past m 22 329.05 22.91 4.88 (318.89, 339.20) 0.83 Variable P Daily Call volume past m 0.417
- 62. 2 Sample T
- 63. 2 Sample T Two-Sample T-Test and CI: Defects/10,000 Old Method, Defects/10,000 New Method Two-sample T for Defects/10,000 Old Method vs Defects/10,000 New Method N Mean StDev SE Mean Defects/10,000 Old Metho 35 252.9 18.7 3.2 Defects/10,000 New Metho 20 225.5 14.8 3.3 Difference = mu (Defects/10,000 Old Method) - mu (Defects/10,000 New Method) Estimate for difference: 27.44 95% CI for difference: (17.66, 37.22) T-Test of difference = 0 (vs not =): T-Value = 5.63 P-Value = 0.000 DF = 53 Both use Pooled StDev = 17.3927
- 64. Paired T
- 65. Paired T Paired T-Test and CI: Weight - Before, Weight - After Paired T for Weight - Before - Weight - After N Mean StDev SE Mean Weight - Before 11 85.14 3.32 1.00 Weight - After 11 75.13 4.01 1.21 Difference 11 10.008 3.037 0.916 95% CI for mean difference: (7.968, 12.048) T-Test of mean difference = 0 (vs not = 0): T-Value = 10.93 P-Value = 0.000
- 66. F Test
- 67. F Test
- 68. Chi-square
- 69. Chi-square Chi-Square Test: England, Australia, Pakistan, Srilanka Expected counts are printed below observed counts Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts England Australia Pakistan Srilanka Total 1 72 82 130 95 379 85.92 96.82 135.20 61.06 2.255 2.269 0.200 18.867 2 125 140 180 45 490 111.08 125.18 174.80 78.94 1.744 1.755 0.155 14.593 Total 197 222 310 140 869 Chi-Sq = 41.838, DF = 3, P-Value = 0.000
- 70. Thank You