Basics of OOPs

Object Oriented Programming
using C++
P.Nivetha,
Dept. of BCA,
Bon Secours college for Women,
Thanjavur.

Some Features of OOP languages
 An OOP language should support
– Easy Representation of
 Real-world objects
 Their States and Abilities
– Interaction with objects of same type
– Relations with objects of other type
– Polymorphism and Overloading
 Reusability of code
 Convenient type definitions

Basic Syntax
 Same as C
 Additional operators
 Additional keywords

Programming Paradigms
 Procedural Programming (functions)
 Modular Programming (namespaces)
 Object Oriented Programming (classes)
 Generic Programming (templates)

Procedural Programming
 A program is a list of instructions
 Concentration is on what is to be done?
 Problems created by global data
 No access control !!

Modular Programming
 namespace
 Example to learn the syntax : A toy math library.
– Matrix Module
 Allocate
 Transpose
 Print
– Vector Module
 Allocate
 Transpose
 Print

Object Oriented Programming
 Class
 Object
 Overloading (operators, functions)
 Inheritance

Class
 class : Definition of the entity
– A tool for creating new types
 Ex: Matrix and Vector
– Access Control
 public, private, and protected
– Constructors, Destructors
– Member functions

The Matrix Class Definition
class Matrix
{
private:
int **m;
public:
Matrix();
void print();
void transpose();
Matrix *transpose();
~Matrix();
}
 Access Control
 Constructor/Destructor
 Member Functions
– Ordinary Functions
– Overloaded Functions

Constructors
 Different Constructors for a class
– Matrix();
– Matrix(int init); // 0 = zero matrix, 1 = Identity!!
– Matrix(Matrix m);

Objects
 Creation
– Named object, free-store object (new & delete),
non-static member object, an array element,
temporary object, …etc
 Destruction
 Copying Objects
– Direct assignment
– Copy Constructors - Matrix::Matrix(Matrix &m);

Inheritance
 What is inheritance ?
 Parent and Derived
 Some properties of derived classes
– Constructors
– Member functions
– Overloading

Inheritance in C++
Class Rectangle : public Shape
{
}
Class Student : public Person
{
}
Public, protected and private !!

Multiple Inheritance
class Transmitter {
…
}
Class Receiver {
…
}
Class Radio : public Transmitter, public Receiver

Basics of OOPs

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